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sympatric speciation
sympatric speciation

... • “Evo-devo” is a field of interdisciplinary research that examines how slight genetic divergences can become magnified into major morphological differences between species. • A particular focus are genes that program development by controlling the rate, timing, and spatial pattern of changes in for ...
FULL ACCOUNT FOR: Python bivittatus Global Invasive Species
FULL ACCOUNT FOR: Python bivittatus Global Invasive Species

... morphs in different colors and patterns have been developed which are assigned high prices. More than 144,000 Burmese pythons have been imported into the United States for exotic pet trade from 2000-2005 (Lovgren, 2005). In its native range, large numbers are collected for their skin, sometimes to m ...
Beak of the Fish: What Cichlid Flocks Reveal About Speciation
Beak of the Fish: What Cichlid Flocks Reveal About Speciation

... cichlids are the ancestors from which the cichlids in independently evolved within different parts of unrelated, but separately evolved the same color source reveals that speciation processes within these ...
Katie`s lecture slides
Katie`s lecture slides

... Trait groups constructed using hierarchical clustering (Ward’s method) of 87 species and 17 traits into 14 groups. Contrast indicative of dispersal limitation? ...
restoration of mediterranean - type woodlands and shrublands
restoration of mediterranean - type woodlands and shrublands

... there have also been major invasions of alien plants from Australia into South Africa (see also Chapter 20). Negative effects of invasive species on Mediterranean ecosystems include reduced biodiversity changes in soil properties that make the site unsuitable for native species (Yelenik et al. 2004) ...
The influence of biodiversity on invasibility of terrestrial plant
The influence of biodiversity on invasibility of terrestrial plant

... diversity and invasion. The fact that diverse areas are often heavily invaded has posed a conundrum to researchers. In a study of biomes in the USA, Stohlgren et al. (1999) found a positive correlation between diversity and invasion of 1-m2 plots (five forest and meadow vegetation types) as well as ...
Freshwater Jellyfish in Big Gull Lake by Lynda Corkum Cottagers
Freshwater Jellyfish in Big Gull Lake by Lynda Corkum Cottagers

... What do they look like? There are two body forms of Freshwater Jellyfish, the polyp and medusa. Cottagers see the floating medusa stage, not the polyp. Watch for blooms of medusa in August and September when water is warm and prey are plentiful. Polyps, which form colonies, live on the bottom of l ...
Coevolutionary Chase in Two-species Systems with Applications to
Coevolutionary Chase in Two-species Systems with Applications to

... Selection pressure resulting from between species interactions is thought to be very strong and is expected to result in coevolutionary changes in interacting species (e.g. Futuyma & Slatkin, 1983; Vermeij, 1987; Thompson, 1994). Numerous examples of coevolution of competitors, mutualists and victim ...
Species Recognition, Dewlap Function and Faunal Size In Rand
Species Recognition, Dewlap Function and Faunal Size In Rand

... on the other hand, is an obvious derivative of the Jamaican A. grahami, close enough to have been considered a subspecies of the latter, but it differs radically in its blue rather than orange dewlap. It is possible that these species have evolved their aberrant dewlaps as the result of "failed inva ...
Angert et al. 2009 PNAS
Angert et al. 2009 PNAS

... storage-effect coexistence: long-lived seed banks buffer populations during unfavorable periods (18). Also, by definition, years that favor high germination directly result in greater density, creating positive covariance between an environmental parameter and competition. A similar environment-comp ...
Criteria for Categorizing Invasive Non
Criteria for Categorizing Invasive Non

... Extension, reviewed and modified these criteria for the specific purpose of developing categorized lists of invasive non-native plants. We gratefully acknowledge funding support provided by the Center for Invasive Plant Management and the Renewable Resources Extension Act. We also appreciate the con ...
Authorised - ACT Legislation Register
Authorised - ACT Legislation Register

... 20th centuries (Lunney et al. 1996). These authors found that as many as 144,000 skins were sold from NSW in the 1890s and many thousands more up until hunting ceased around 1927. This large scale hunting pressure reduced colony numbers significantly and left remaining colonies vulnerable to other t ...
Habitat Use and Community Structure in an Assemblage of Cottid
Habitat Use and Community Structure in an Assemblage of Cottid

... of a species was measured using Kendall's coefficient of concordance and was tested for significance by Friedman's rank test (Kendall 1962). Because no cottid species was found at all sites, the rank tests for each species only included those sites where the species was observed. For both Artedius f ...
Word - Nature Works Everywhere
Word - Nature Works Everywhere

...  Invasive species are non-native organisms that are usually introduced to an ecosystem or habitat from an external source and can play a harmful role in the ecology of the garden. Invasive species can be plants or animals and may disrupt an ecosystem by dominating a region or particular habitat bec ...
Tenacity and the Wave-Exposure Gradient
Tenacity and the Wave-Exposure Gradient

... grow, suggesting the possibility of an upper size limit set by drag and lift forces (Denny, 1999). This could potentially favor L. plena, which tends to be smaller (Murray, 1982; Chow, 1987; Hohenlohe & Boulding, 2001), and explain the predominance of L. plena on the exposed shores sampled here. How ...
Competition
Competition

... Individual Interactions, part 1 ...
Ecological Effects of Invasive Arthropod Generalist Predators
Ecological Effects of Invasive Arthropod Generalist Predators

... 2000). Indeed, for the red imported fire ant and Argentine ant, low initial genetic diversity fosters invasion success (Holway et al. 2002). Both ant species possess a chemical kin recognition system that in the native range mediates conflicts between colonies (Holway et al. 1998, Ross et al. 1996). H ...
Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Development
Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Development

... as the tropical forests, the prime potential sources of new ·foods, drugs, and other useful materials are vanishing at an accelerating pace. Furthermore the tropical regions where such new foods might be found are the regions where people are hungriest and very much in need of new food resources. A ...
Dynamics of Ecosystems
Dynamics of Ecosystems

... chemical pollutants, and to increased levels of UV-B radiation produced by ozone depletion. While numerous experiments performed under laboratory conditions have demonstrated the power of these factors to produce developmental deformities, and in so doing to reduce population survival rates, it is i ...
Conservation Implications of Invasion by Plant
Conservation Implications of Invasion by Plant

... may escape areas of cultivation and became invasive taxa themselves. Furthermore, naturally produced hybrids may also be introduced to a new region and became invasive. In the Pacific Northwest of USA, meadow knapweed is a hybrid between the exotic black meadow (Centaurea nigra) and the exotic brown ...
Research advances in theories and methods of community
Research advances in theories and methods of community

... divergence of pedigree structure means the habitat filtering or competitive exclusion, which emphasizes the non-equivalence of different species and thus acknowledges niche theory. Therefore pedigree structure analysis can be used to analyse the major factors of community assembly by analysing phylo ...
Nature Works Everywhere Gardens Activity Guide Many elements
Nature Works Everywhere Gardens Activity Guide Many elements

... • Invasive species are non-native organisms that are usually introduced to an ecosystem or habitat from an external source and can play a harmful role in the ecology of the garden. Invasive species can be plants or animals and may disrupt an ecosystem by dominating a region or particular habitat bec ...
What is an Ecosystem?
What is an Ecosystem?

...  The characteristics of an urban ecosystem include: – Large amounts of chemical energy is introduced to the biotic environment. – Large amounts of raw materials and manufactured biomass are introduced to the ecosystem. – Large amounts of heat energy are produced and lost. – Large amounts of chemica ...
assessment
assessment

... surveys in recent years, there is still a slight possibility that a small colony remains undetected. Should a small population be discovered, these individuals should be captured immediately in order to start a captive breeding program. Such a program has been shown to be the best approach for the r ...
special-status species` biology and likelihood-of
special-status species` biology and likelihood-of

... diagnostic signs were detected, it is judged likely that it is present to some degree, given the best available information. Depending upon regulatory status, local rarity, public interest, extent of habitat in the study area, and the nature of potential project impacts, a substantial basis may exis ...
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Introduced species



An introduced, alien, exotic, non-indigenous, or non-native species, or simply an introduction, is a species living outside its native distributional range, which has arrived there by human activity, either deliberate or accidental. Non-native species can have various effects on the local ecosystem. Introduced species that become established and spread beyond the place of introduction are called invasive species. Some have a negative effect on a local ecosystem. Some introduced species may have no negative effect or only minor impact. Some species have been introduced intentionally to combat pests. They are called biocontrols and may be regarded as beneficial as an alternative to pesticides in agriculture for example. In some instances the potential for being beneficial or detrimental in the long run remains unknown. A list of some introduced species is given in a separate article.The effects of introduced species on natural environments have gained much scrutiny from scientists, governments, farmers and others.
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