Effects of plant diversity, N fertilization, and elevated
... N pool; effects on N retention will be larger when nitrification rates are high and nitrate is abundant. Assumptions or observations about treatment effects on various intermediate factors can be used to generate predictions regarding potential effects on soil N cycles over time. For example, accord ...
... N pool; effects on N retention will be larger when nitrification rates are high and nitrate is abundant. Assumptions or observations about treatment effects on various intermediate factors can be used to generate predictions regarding potential effects on soil N cycles over time. For example, accord ...
participants of the dartmouth biology fsp 2013
... Organization for Tropical Studies (OTS/OET), at the OTS field stations at Palo Verde, Las Cruces and La Selva, at the Cuerici Biological Station, at the Sirena Station of the Corcovado National Park, and at the Monteverde Biological Station. On Little Cayman Island, there are copies at the Little Ca ...
... Organization for Tropical Studies (OTS/OET), at the OTS field stations at Palo Verde, Las Cruces and La Selva, at the Cuerici Biological Station, at the Sirena Station of the Corcovado National Park, and at the Monteverde Biological Station. On Little Cayman Island, there are copies at the Little Ca ...
Lizard community structure across a grassland
... anthropogenic edges, such as invasion of exotic species, increased habitat diversity, and altered microclimate (changes in insolation, wind, water flux, and temperature). Changes in abiotic factors across an ecotone can alter nutrient transport and deposition between adjacent habitats (Johnston 1993 ...
... anthropogenic edges, such as invasion of exotic species, increased habitat diversity, and altered microclimate (changes in insolation, wind, water flux, and temperature). Changes in abiotic factors across an ecotone can alter nutrient transport and deposition between adjacent habitats (Johnston 1993 ...
resources from another place and time: responses to pulses in a
... or dynamics to communities that receive strongly pulsed resources. In both cases, communities may be structured by responses to resources that are potentially absent at any given point in time (pulsed communities) or space (subsidized communities), even if pulsed resources are part of the in situ pr ...
... or dynamics to communities that receive strongly pulsed resources. In both cases, communities may be structured by responses to resources that are potentially absent at any given point in time (pulsed communities) or space (subsidized communities), even if pulsed resources are part of the in situ pr ...
How can we detect introduced mammalian predators in non
... with 1080 poison adjacent to the river (B. Glentworth, Environment Canterbury, pers. comm.). Our study was conducted at 19 sites along the banks of the Rangitata. Each site was surveyed once between spring (August‒September) and early summer (December‒January) 2008–2010. Nine sites were on the upper ...
... with 1080 poison adjacent to the river (B. Glentworth, Environment Canterbury, pers. comm.). Our study was conducted at 19 sites along the banks of the Rangitata. Each site was surveyed once between spring (August‒September) and early summer (December‒January) 2008–2010. Nine sites were on the upper ...
Endangered, apparently: the role of apparent competition in
... In a previous section, we discussed niche overlap, o r the sym patry o f species’ resource requirem ents in en vironm en tal space. H ere we consider th e spatial arran g em en t of en v ironm ental niche resources, w hich determ ines the degree o f actualized spatial overlap o r sep aratio n am on ...
... In a previous section, we discussed niche overlap, o r the sym patry o f species’ resource requirem ents in en vironm en tal space. H ere we consider th e spatial arran g em en t of en v ironm ental niche resources, w hich determ ines the degree o f actualized spatial overlap o r sep aratio n am on ...
Salvelinus fontinalis
... freshwater to reproduce. According to FishBase (2006), the temperature range is 0–25° C, and Elliott (1994) gives the range for growth as 7–20° C. Brook trout is more tolerant of slightly acidic waters than many species native to the NOBANIS area, and stocking experiments have shown that it may sur ...
... freshwater to reproduce. According to FishBase (2006), the temperature range is 0–25° C, and Elliott (1994) gives the range for growth as 7–20° C. Brook trout is more tolerant of slightly acidic waters than many species native to the NOBANIS area, and stocking experiments have shown that it may sur ...
Freshwater spiny crayfish in North East NSW
... misidentification with the common yabby (the common yabby has a greater bag limit than freshwater spiny crayfish and does not have minimum length restrictions). The common yabby has invaded other areas or have been translocated into catchments outside their natural range. They are prolific breeders, ...
... misidentification with the common yabby (the common yabby has a greater bag limit than freshwater spiny crayfish and does not have minimum length restrictions). The common yabby has invaded other areas or have been translocated into catchments outside their natural range. They are prolific breeders, ...
An examination of multiple factors affecting community structure in
... and experimental communities (Cortwright 1987). The design included amphibian larvae and two predaceous insects common in the study and nearby ponds in 1984. Specific predictions were: (1) R. sylvatica and A. jeffersonianum survivorship should be least in the presence of larval A. opacum predators, ...
... and experimental communities (Cortwright 1987). The design included amphibian larvae and two predaceous insects common in the study and nearby ponds in 1984. Specific predictions were: (1) R. sylvatica and A. jeffersonianum survivorship should be least in the presence of larval A. opacum predators, ...
Exploring the Lotka-Volterra Competition Model using Two Species
... Ecological communities are composed of populations of all species in a habitat. The structure of a community will be determined in part by the dynamics of the interactions between the species in the community. Interactions between two species can be direct or indirect (i.e., mediated through other s ...
... Ecological communities are composed of populations of all species in a habitat. The structure of a community will be determined in part by the dynamics of the interactions between the species in the community. Interactions between two species can be direct or indirect (i.e., mediated through other s ...
Late Quaternary Extinctions: State of the Debate
... large animals that are now extinct. On continents worldwide, about 90 genera of mammals weighing ≥44 kg disappeared (see Supplemental Table 1; follow the Supplemental Material link from the Annual Reviews home page at http://www. annualreviews.org/). North America had proboscideans, giant ground slo ...
... large animals that are now extinct. On continents worldwide, about 90 genera of mammals weighing ≥44 kg disappeared (see Supplemental Table 1; follow the Supplemental Material link from the Annual Reviews home page at http://www. annualreviews.org/). North America had proboscideans, giant ground slo ...
Phytosociological study of the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa
... In the present age, where all that is “natural” seems threatened by man’s daily activities, the call for conservation is even greater. With the growing fear of gene loss through loss of species and a decrease in species richness, the consideration of ecologically based environmental planning and ma ...
... In the present age, where all that is “natural” seems threatened by man’s daily activities, the call for conservation is even greater. With the growing fear of gene loss through loss of species and a decrease in species richness, the consideration of ecologically based environmental planning and ma ...
Understanding Rangeland Biodiversity
... value in both leisure and scientific terms and to human populations that have historically been excluded and marginalised, pastoralists and hunter-gatherers. However, rangelands present a paradox for the conservation ethic, however; most are definitely not ‘natural’ and very often prove to be recent ...
... value in both leisure and scientific terms and to human populations that have historically been excluded and marginalised, pastoralists and hunter-gatherers. However, rangelands present a paradox for the conservation ethic, however; most are definitely not ‘natural’ and very often prove to be recent ...
Behavioral preferences for bamboo in a pair of captive giant pandas
... aggregated, extending from a single primary branch from each mid-culm node [Watson and Dallwhite, 1994]. In contrast, the leaves of Phyllostachys are attached to many branches that radiate from a primary branch on each mid-culm node. These differences could affect handling time and foraging efficienc ...
... aggregated, extending from a single primary branch from each mid-culm node [Watson and Dallwhite, 1994]. In contrast, the leaves of Phyllostachys are attached to many branches that radiate from a primary branch on each mid-culm node. These differences could affect handling time and foraging efficienc ...
Guideline on Pest Risk Analysis - GB non
... but is often excluded from areas of good water quality by native Gammarus species. Hence, C. pseudogracilis is often found in marginal habitats too extreme for native gammarids and can survive and reproduce at relatively high temperatures and low oxygen saturation conditions (Dick et al. 1998). The ...
... but is often excluded from areas of good water quality by native Gammarus species. Hence, C. pseudogracilis is often found in marginal habitats too extreme for native gammarids and can survive and reproduce at relatively high temperatures and low oxygen saturation conditions (Dick et al. 1998). The ...
Confounding factors in the detection of species responses to habitat
... habitat remnants are confronted with a modified environment of reduced area, increased isolation and novel ecological boundaries. The implications of this for individual organisms are many and varied, because species with differing life history strategies are differentially affected by habitat fragmenta ...
... habitat remnants are confronted with a modified environment of reduced area, increased isolation and novel ecological boundaries. The implications of this for individual organisms are many and varied, because species with differing life history strategies are differentially affected by habitat fragmenta ...
Speciesspecific responses of foliar nutrients to longterm nitrogen
... response to altered N and P availability is not necessarily expected if plant growth is limited by light, water or other mineral nutrients (Aerts & Chapin 2000; Wright, Reich & Westoby 2001; Townsend et al. 2011). Foliar nutrient resorption, a mechanism by which plants can recycle nutrients internal ...
... response to altered N and P availability is not necessarily expected if plant growth is limited by light, water or other mineral nutrients (Aerts & Chapin 2000; Wright, Reich & Westoby 2001; Townsend et al. 2011). Foliar nutrient resorption, a mechanism by which plants can recycle nutrients internal ...
Game Structures in Mutualistic Interactions: What Can
... Pseudoreciprocity (Connor, 1986) differs from by-product mutualism in two ways: (1) one or both partners invest in each other, and (2) investment makes cooperative behavior the best option for the investing partner. The second point is also the crucial difference between pseudoreciprocity and the pr ...
... Pseudoreciprocity (Connor, 1986) differs from by-product mutualism in two ways: (1) one or both partners invest in each other, and (2) investment makes cooperative behavior the best option for the investing partner. The second point is also the crucial difference between pseudoreciprocity and the pr ...
Key Threatening Process Nomination Form
... European colonisation dingoes were isolated from all other canid species. Through natural selection and genetic drift, this led to dingoes becoming a unique taxon (Crowther et al., 2014). According to definitions of ‘native species’ in state legislation and under the EPBC Act dingoes are Australia’s ...
... European colonisation dingoes were isolated from all other canid species. Through natural selection and genetic drift, this led to dingoes becoming a unique taxon (Crowther et al., 2014). According to definitions of ‘native species’ in state legislation and under the EPBC Act dingoes are Australia’s ...
Chapter 10: Protected Matters under the EPBC Act
... The surveying of burrow entrances may be more profitable in warmer months as the species is more active in the warmer weather. Watching burrows in cooler times of the year may involve setting up motion-sensing cameras to ‘watch’ for longer periods. McAlpin (2001b) reports the optimum time of year fo ...
... The surveying of burrow entrances may be more profitable in warmer months as the species is more active in the warmer weather. Watching burrows in cooler times of the year may involve setting up motion-sensing cameras to ‘watch’ for longer periods. McAlpin (2001b) reports the optimum time of year fo ...
Theoretical and empirical studies on population dynamics, species
... modeling (Holling 1965) because of its simple derivation from the assumption of random encounters between predators and prey. The idea was extended and new parameters describing predation, such as attack rate and handling time, were used to characterize different functional responses (Hassel 1978; L ...
... modeling (Holling 1965) because of its simple derivation from the assumption of random encounters between predators and prey. The idea was extended and new parameters describing predation, such as attack rate and handling time, were used to characterize different functional responses (Hassel 1978; L ...
The Effect of Density-Independent Mortality on the Coexistence of
... Equations (5) assume a symmetric state where the two competitors differ in the resource they capture most effectively and have mirror image consumption rates. If both species capture resource i at a greater rate than resource j, then a low enough value of d implies that resource j is the only resour ...
... Equations (5) assume a symmetric state where the two competitors differ in the resource they capture most effectively and have mirror image consumption rates. If both species capture resource i at a greater rate than resource j, then a low enough value of d implies that resource j is the only resour ...
Photosynthesis and productivity in heterogeneous arctic tundra
... Arctic vegetation commonly consists of stands of one vegetation type, merging through a transition zone of mixed vegetation into stands of another vegetation type, on a scale of just metres to tens of metres (Walker, Walker & Auerbach 1994). This pronounced spatial heterogeneity is often cited as th ...
... Arctic vegetation commonly consists of stands of one vegetation type, merging through a transition zone of mixed vegetation into stands of another vegetation type, on a scale of just metres to tens of metres (Walker, Walker & Auerbach 1994). This pronounced spatial heterogeneity is often cited as th ...
Mutualisms in a changing world: an evolutionary
... availability, whereas others disappear (Ehinger et al. 2009). Given that rapid genetic divergence co-varies with fitnessrelated traits (such as spore density), this mutualism could be a useful model system for studying processes of genetic erosion and how environmental conditions affect selection fo ...
... availability, whereas others disappear (Ehinger et al. 2009). Given that rapid genetic divergence co-varies with fitnessrelated traits (such as spore density), this mutualism could be a useful model system for studying processes of genetic erosion and how environmental conditions affect selection fo ...
roundtable session 2a: national legislation, eu directives and
... Conservation of native species and their habitats In Italy, freshwater crayfish have usually been considered with fishes, under national and regional laws regulating inland fishing activities (GHERARDI et al., 1999). However, the most recent national law regarding fishing in inland waters is a Royal ...
... Conservation of native species and their habitats In Italy, freshwater crayfish have usually been considered with fishes, under national and regional laws regulating inland fishing activities (GHERARDI et al., 1999). However, the most recent national law regarding fishing in inland waters is a Royal ...