Marine Ecology Progress Series 337:287
... means that such identification and prioritization is difficult, if not impossible. The lack of methods to define and identify nursery areas is not restricted to sharks. Beck et al. (2001) identified the problem more generally in aquatic organisms and also provided a framework by which nursery areas ...
... means that such identification and prioritization is difficult, if not impossible. The lack of methods to define and identify nursery areas is not restricted to sharks. Beck et al. (2001) identified the problem more generally in aquatic organisms and also provided a framework by which nursery areas ...
Mortality, behavior and the effects of predators on the
... mobile prey, however, a relationship between spatial variation in predation risk and prey distribution does not necessarily imply that low densities of prey are a direct result of high mortality rates. The intertidal distribution of mobile invertebrates can also be influenced by their behavior (Unde ...
... mobile prey, however, a relationship between spatial variation in predation risk and prey distribution does not necessarily imply that low densities of prey are a direct result of high mortality rates. The intertidal distribution of mobile invertebrates can also be influenced by their behavior (Unde ...
Experimental demonstration of a trophic cascade in the Gal#_#
... predators have important indirect effects on species lower in the food web by means of their density (Density Mediated Indirect Interactions DMII), behavior (Behaviorally Mediated Indirect Interactions, BMII), and diversity [4–8]. The complexity of tropical and sub-tropical food webs, which includes ...
... predators have important indirect effects on species lower in the food web by means of their density (Density Mediated Indirect Interactions DMII), behavior (Behaviorally Mediated Indirect Interactions, BMII), and diversity [4–8]. The complexity of tropical and sub-tropical food webs, which includes ...
Ecology of salt marshes
... Furthermore, the intense long-term field observations and experiments by Jan Bakker and his colleagues provide a wealth of information on other structuring factors of salt-marsh ecosystems. The interactions between vegetation characteristics and sedimentation rates, the impacts of atmospheric deposi ...
... Furthermore, the intense long-term field observations and experiments by Jan Bakker and his colleagues provide a wealth of information on other structuring factors of salt-marsh ecosystems. The interactions between vegetation characteristics and sedimentation rates, the impacts of atmospheric deposi ...
Relative importance of recruitment and other causes of variation in
... Chondrus in more sheltered mid and low zones was attributed to their escape from competition due to elimination of mussels and barnacles by predators. Between-site variation in the macroalgal species which dominated upon escaping competition and grazing was attributed to variation in their competiti ...
... Chondrus in more sheltered mid and low zones was attributed to their escape from competition due to elimination of mussels and barnacles by predators. Between-site variation in the macroalgal species which dominated upon escaping competition and grazing was attributed to variation in their competiti ...
ppt檔案
... E/h , where E is the energy in the diet and h is the handling time (or energy) required to capture, subdue, and consume the diet. E / (s + h), where s is the search time. ...
... E/h , where E is the energy in the diet and h is the handling time (or energy) required to capture, subdue, and consume the diet. E / (s + h), where s is the search time. ...
Imperfect Mimicry and the Limits of Natural Selection
... cost of educating predators about their unpalatability. Although there are other types of mimicry, such as aggressive mimicry and reproductive mimicry (where mimicry evolves in response to sexual selection; Vane-Wright 1976; Endler 1981; Kikuchi and Pfennig 2012a), we will not dwell on specific type ...
... cost of educating predators about their unpalatability. Although there are other types of mimicry, such as aggressive mimicry and reproductive mimicry (where mimicry evolves in response to sexual selection; Vane-Wright 1976; Endler 1981; Kikuchi and Pfennig 2012a), we will not dwell on specific type ...
What is a Trophic Cascade? - College of Forestry
... Strong concluded that ‘true’ trophic cascades were less prevalent in the terrestrial realm [15]. As a result, there was an almost exclusive research focus on freshwater systems during the early 1990s (Figure 1). Trophic cascades were thought to be less important in terrestrial communities because th ...
... Strong concluded that ‘true’ trophic cascades were less prevalent in the terrestrial realm [15]. As a result, there was an almost exclusive research focus on freshwater systems during the early 1990s (Figure 1). Trophic cascades were thought to be less important in terrestrial communities because th ...
NOBANIS – Invasive Alien Species Fact Sheet Ondatra zibethicus
... spends most of its time in the water. The O. zibethicus taken by the mentioned predators are often sick or young animals which spend more time on land (Ramsgaard 2005). Genetic effects No known genetic effects. Human health effects According to Hoffmann (1958), O. zibethicus is host to a great numb ...
... spends most of its time in the water. The O. zibethicus taken by the mentioned predators are often sick or young animals which spend more time on land (Ramsgaard 2005). Genetic effects No known genetic effects. Human health effects According to Hoffmann (1958), O. zibethicus is host to a great numb ...
international standards for the practice of ecological restoration
... characterize the condition of the ecosystem as it would be had it not been degraded, adjusted as necessary to accommodate changed or predicted biotic or environmental conditions. The use of such reference models in ecological restoration does not signify in any way an attempt to immobilize an ecolog ...
... characterize the condition of the ecosystem as it would be had it not been degraded, adjusted as necessary to accommodate changed or predicted biotic or environmental conditions. The use of such reference models in ecological restoration does not signify in any way an attempt to immobilize an ecolog ...
Offense versus defense: responses of three morphological types of
... Fig. 2 shows these locations for the 3 lobster species. period. A lobster was considered preyed upon only if We removed representative pieces of carapace from its carapace remains were found in the vicinity of these same points, measured shell thickness (to where it had been tethered. In this experi ...
... Fig. 2 shows these locations for the 3 lobster species. period. A lobster was considered preyed upon only if We removed representative pieces of carapace from its carapace remains were found in the vicinity of these same points, measured shell thickness (to where it had been tethered. In this experi ...
Native grouper indirectly ameliorates the negative effects of invasive
... apparently do not (Morris 2009). Mesocosm experiments have shown little effect of native grouper presence on lionfish behaviors (Morris 2009, Raymond et al. 2015). Furthermore, it has been widely debated whether mesopredators such as groupers actually function as biocontrol for invasive lionfish (se ...
... apparently do not (Morris 2009). Mesocosm experiments have shown little effect of native grouper presence on lionfish behaviors (Morris 2009, Raymond et al. 2015). Furthermore, it has been widely debated whether mesopredators such as groupers actually function as biocontrol for invasive lionfish (se ...
Annotated Bibliography on Ecological Intensification
... biodiversity and nutrients efficiently and in ways that are regenerative, while minimizing negative impacts. Ecological intensification may be formally defined as a knowledge-intensive process that requires optimal management of nature’s ecological functions and biodiversity to improve agricultural ...
... biodiversity and nutrients efficiently and in ways that are regenerative, while minimizing negative impacts. Ecological intensification may be formally defined as a knowledge-intensive process that requires optimal management of nature’s ecological functions and biodiversity to improve agricultural ...
Conservation Biology for All - Society for Conservation Biology
... 14.4 Factors mediating human‐environment relations Box 14.4: Conservation, biology, and religion (Kyle S. Van Houtan) 14.5 Biodiversity conservation and local resource use 14.6 Equity, resource rights, and conservation Box 14.5: Empowering women: the Chipko movement in India (Priya Davidar) 14.7 Soc ...
... 14.4 Factors mediating human‐environment relations Box 14.4: Conservation, biology, and religion (Kyle S. Van Houtan) 14.5 Biodiversity conservation and local resource use 14.6 Equity, resource rights, and conservation Box 14.5: Empowering women: the Chipko movement in India (Priya Davidar) 14.7 Soc ...
TEMG_plan_draft_semifinal_2013_02_15
... biological, chemical, and physical balance of the globe. Dramatic changes in regional climates, and increasing industrial development and other activities, now underway, are threatening Arctic biodiversity, the resilience of species, the potential for human use, and the overall integrity of northern ...
... biological, chemical, and physical balance of the globe. Dramatic changes in regional climates, and increasing industrial development and other activities, now underway, are threatening Arctic biodiversity, the resilience of species, the potential for human use, and the overall integrity of northern ...
Winners always win: growth of a wide range of plant species from
... optimal growth (Bloom and Mooney 1985). At high CO2, these traits show less return upon investment due to increased CO2 availability. With an abundant availability of carbon other factors determining growth such as nutrient uptake rate and light availability can become more limiting (Poorter and Pe ...
... optimal growth (Bloom and Mooney 1985). At high CO2, these traits show less return upon investment due to increased CO2 availability. With an abundant availability of carbon other factors determining growth such as nutrient uptake rate and light availability can become more limiting (Poorter and Pe ...
VI) Population and Community Stability
... B) Apply a force – does it change? see graphic definition of resistance C) Apply a disturbance (i.e. change the community) Determine if community returns to pre-perturbation or control state. see graphic definition of resilience ...
... B) Apply a force – does it change? see graphic definition of resistance C) Apply a disturbance (i.e. change the community) Determine if community returns to pre-perturbation or control state. see graphic definition of resilience ...
Effects of stock grazing on biodiversity values in Temperate Native
... Capital Territory (ACT) where conservation is a primary management objective. Historically, stock grazing has caused enormous damage to many Australian ecosystems. Most remnant grassy ecosystems in southern Australia have been grazed by stock in the past, and their current composition is, to varying ...
... Capital Territory (ACT) where conservation is a primary management objective. Historically, stock grazing has caused enormous damage to many Australian ecosystems. Most remnant grassy ecosystems in southern Australia have been grazed by stock in the past, and their current composition is, to varying ...
The habitat function of mangroves for terrestrial and marine fauna: A
... Mangroves are defined by the presence of trees that mainly occur in the intertidal zone, between land and sea, in the (sub) tropics. The intertidal zone is characterised by highly variable environmental factors, such as temperature, sedimentation and tidal currents. The aerial roots of mangroves par ...
... Mangroves are defined by the presence of trees that mainly occur in the intertidal zone, between land and sea, in the (sub) tropics. The intertidal zone is characterised by highly variable environmental factors, such as temperature, sedimentation and tidal currents. The aerial roots of mangroves par ...
Alien Species Alert: Ensis directus
... is native to the Northwest Atlantic coasts from southern Labrador to northern Florida (Bousfield, 1960; Theroux and Wigley, 1983; Swennen et al., 1985; Abbott and Morris, 2001; Turgeon et al., 2009; Vierna et al., 2013). This species has been introduced outside its native range, with the first confi ...
... is native to the Northwest Atlantic coasts from southern Labrador to northern Florida (Bousfield, 1960; Theroux and Wigley, 1983; Swennen et al., 1985; Abbott and Morris, 2001; Turgeon et al., 2009; Vierna et al., 2013). This species has been introduced outside its native range, with the first confi ...
Salt Marsh Litter and Detritivores
... et al. 2002). By definition members of the same guild that differ in the way they use available food sources cannot be considered redundant and may even have additive or synergistic effects on ecosystem functioning (Lawton et al. 1998; Jonsson and Malmqvist 2000; Duffy et al. 2001; Zimmer et al. 200 ...
... et al. 2002). By definition members of the same guild that differ in the way they use available food sources cannot be considered redundant and may even have additive or synergistic effects on ecosystem functioning (Lawton et al. 1998; Jonsson and Malmqvist 2000; Duffy et al. 2001; Zimmer et al. 200 ...
The Ecology and Population structure of the invasive Yellow Crazy
... sources within its supercolony territory, achieved by a combination of rapid recruitment, numerical dominance and pronounced interspecific aggression. A. gracilipes’ distribution is almost exclusively limited to anthropogenically altered habitat, such as residential and agricultural areas. The rate ...
... sources within its supercolony territory, achieved by a combination of rapid recruitment, numerical dominance and pronounced interspecific aggression. A. gracilipes’ distribution is almost exclusively limited to anthropogenically altered habitat, such as residential and agricultural areas. The rate ...
Informing Biodiversity Conservation for the Adelaide and Mount
... settlement. Vegetation clearance in the region has been extensive and only approximately 13% of the original native vegetation of the region remains, based on current mapping. The AMLR represents a highly fragmented landscape, with isolated remnants of native vegetation embedded in a matrix of urban ...
... settlement. Vegetation clearance in the region has been extensive and only approximately 13% of the original native vegetation of the region remains, based on current mapping. The AMLR represents a highly fragmented landscape, with isolated remnants of native vegetation embedded in a matrix of urban ...