Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal effects on plant competition and
... In these previous studies, AMF have been shown to influence interspecific plant competition (Danieli-Silva et al. 2010; Wagg et al. 2011b; Mariotte et al. 2013). One mechanism controlling AMF effects on interspecific competition is the varying degree of benefit that AMF provide to different plant specie ...
... In these previous studies, AMF have been shown to influence interspecific plant competition (Danieli-Silva et al. 2010; Wagg et al. 2011b; Mariotte et al. 2013). One mechanism controlling AMF effects on interspecific competition is the varying degree of benefit that AMF provide to different plant specie ...
Taxonomic and functional approaches of trophic interactions
... Doing a PhD is pretty much like climbing. The belayer is you supervisor, and you need to be sure that he/she could carry you if you fall, but also that he/she could guide and advise you during the ascent. Trust needs to be established between both of you. You have to think about the position of your ...
... Doing a PhD is pretty much like climbing. The belayer is you supervisor, and you need to be sure that he/she could carry you if you fall, but also that he/she could guide and advise you during the ascent. Trust needs to be established between both of you. You have to think about the position of your ...
The Landscape Ecology of Invasive Spread
... scale” ( Urban et al. 1987 ); and (3) the study of the “effect of pattern on process” (Turner 1989). The first two definitions imply that a landscape is an area of broad spatial extent that occurs at a level of organization above ecosystems and communities (but below the biome) in the traditional ec ...
... scale” ( Urban et al. 1987 ); and (3) the study of the “effect of pattern on process” (Turner 1989). The first two definitions imply that a landscape is an area of broad spatial extent that occurs at a level of organization above ecosystems and communities (but below the biome) in the traditional ec ...
Construction and validation of food webs using logic
... between two species are clear: the interaction is often defined by a specific problem, such as damage caused by slugs to a particular crop; and questions about the interaction can be broken down into conceptually simple steps that are experimentally tractable. There is also a considerable body of ec ...
... between two species are clear: the interaction is often defined by a specific problem, such as damage caused by slugs to a particular crop; and questions about the interaction can be broken down into conceptually simple steps that are experimentally tractable. There is also a considerable body of ec ...
The distribution of deer biomass in North America supports the
... until viable herbivore species appear (&50 g m72 y71). of food chains. Oksanen and his coworkers have formalized and extended Fretwell's model (L. Oksanen Above this level, plant biomass remains relatively 1988, 1992, 1999; T. Oksanen, 1990; L. Oksanen et al. constant until resident carnivore specie ...
... until viable herbivore species appear (&50 g m72 y71). of food chains. Oksanen and his coworkers have formalized and extended Fretwell's model (L. Oksanen Above this level, plant biomass remains relatively 1988, 1992, 1999; T. Oksanen, 1990; L. Oksanen et al. constant until resident carnivore specie ...
Differences in Forage-Acquisition and Fungal Enzyme Activity
... The genera Atta and Acromyrmex are often grouped as leaf-cutting ants for pest management assessments and ecological surveys, although their mature colony sizes and foraging niches may differ substantially. Few studies have addressed such interspecific differences at the same site, which prompted us ...
... The genera Atta and Acromyrmex are often grouped as leaf-cutting ants for pest management assessments and ecological surveys, although their mature colony sizes and foraging niches may differ substantially. Few studies have addressed such interspecific differences at the same site, which prompted us ...
Evolution in Response to Direct and Indirect Effects in Pitcher Plant
... The fields of community ecology and evolution are theoretically tightly linked, but in general, community ecologists discount evolution in describing the dynamics of present-day community patterns. Yet, evolution in response to strong selection pressure might affect species interactions and alter ec ...
... The fields of community ecology and evolution are theoretically tightly linked, but in general, community ecologists discount evolution in describing the dynamics of present-day community patterns. Yet, evolution in response to strong selection pressure might affect species interactions and alter ec ...
The state of knowledge about insect pollination in Norway
... of plants and bumblebees probably constitute a co-evolved group which is evolutionarily specialized to each other. In other cases, plants and pollinators are ecologically specialized, which means that the indigenous range of pollinators (or plants) is so limited that few pollinator species can poten ...
... of plants and bumblebees probably constitute a co-evolved group which is evolutionarily specialized to each other. In other cases, plants and pollinators are ecologically specialized, which means that the indigenous range of pollinators (or plants) is so limited that few pollinator species can poten ...
Fish and amphibians as bat predators
... databases, Google Scholar and Google Books. When a suitable paper was selected, its references (backward search) and citation records (forward search) were used to search for other relevant articles. Additionally, I included internet search mainly for images and videos carried by Google, Google imag ...
... databases, Google Scholar and Google Books. When a suitable paper was selected, its references (backward search) and citation records (forward search) were used to search for other relevant articles. Additionally, I included internet search mainly for images and videos carried by Google, Google imag ...
CTFS Proceedings 2007 - Center for Tropical Forest Science
... The previous course was held at the Sinharaja World Heritage site in Sri Lanka and the 2008 course will be held at Pasoh Forest Reserve in Malaysia. The aim of these courses is to provide high-level training in the biology of forests in South and Southeast Asia. The courses are aimed at upper-level ...
... The previous course was held at the Sinharaja World Heritage site in Sri Lanka and the 2008 course will be held at Pasoh Forest Reserve in Malaysia. The aim of these courses is to provide high-level training in the biology of forests in South and Southeast Asia. The courses are aimed at upper-level ...
How parasites affect interactions between competitors and predators
... been very well reviewed elsewhere (Chase et al. 2002; Bolker et al. 2003; van Veen et al. 2006). Because our aim is to examine how parasites influence interactions between other species, the interactions considered here necessarily involve three (or more) species and we ignore the large and importan ...
... been very well reviewed elsewhere (Chase et al. 2002; Bolker et al. 2003; van Veen et al. 2006). Because our aim is to examine how parasites influence interactions between other species, the interactions considered here necessarily involve three (or more) species and we ignore the large and importan ...
Slide 1
... ecosystem stability? • Communities respond to environmental change in ways that reflect the responses of the species and populations in the community. • Species respond to environmental change in ways that enable them to maintain homeostasis. • Populations respond in ways that reflect the success or ...
... ecosystem stability? • Communities respond to environmental change in ways that reflect the responses of the species and populations in the community. • Species respond to environmental change in ways that enable them to maintain homeostasis. • Populations respond in ways that reflect the success or ...
University of Groningen Holism and reductionism in biology
... referred to by C1). This (that is, the biotic component of an ecosystem) is the usual definition of a biocoenosis. The concept ’ecosystem’ is thereby usually left undefined, or, following Tansley (1935), is defined as the whole of a biocoenosis and its abiotic environment. In English, there is no ot ...
... referred to by C1). This (that is, the biotic component of an ecosystem) is the usual definition of a biocoenosis. The concept ’ecosystem’ is thereby usually left undefined, or, following Tansley (1935), is defined as the whole of a biocoenosis and its abiotic environment. In English, there is no ot ...
Human-induced biotic invasions and changes in plankton
... non-native copepod species that became established in the early 1990s and that dominated the ...
... non-native copepod species that became established in the early 1990s and that dominated the ...
Manchester Biodiversity Strategy
... Programme (UKCIP) indicate that temperatures in England rose by almost 1 oC during the 20th Century, and the 1990s was the warmest decade since records began in the 1660s. These changes will affect biodiversity; the responses of different species will vary: some will lose suitable ‘climate space’ wh ...
... Programme (UKCIP) indicate that temperatures in England rose by almost 1 oC during the 20th Century, and the 1990s was the warmest decade since records began in the 1660s. These changes will affect biodiversity; the responses of different species will vary: some will lose suitable ‘climate space’ wh ...
myrmecophile insecta associated with some ant
... was the most comprehensive review of the myrmecophiles at all. Another comperhensive review of the relationships between ants and their guests were given by Hölldobler and Wilson (1990). They discussed in detail the symbiotic interactions between ants and other arthropods and they revised most liter ...
... was the most comprehensive review of the myrmecophiles at all. Another comperhensive review of the relationships between ants and their guests were given by Hölldobler and Wilson (1990). They discussed in detail the symbiotic interactions between ants and other arthropods and they revised most liter ...
Chapter 5 Biotic interactions and temporal patterns forLandslide
... the species are not adapted to the shade and root competition of adjacent forest understories (Dalling & Tanner, 1995) or because they are smallseeded (Metcalfe et al., 1998) and require exposed soil surfaces free of obstructing leaf litter (e.g., Clethra occidentalis in Jamaica). A plant species th ...
... the species are not adapted to the shade and root competition of adjacent forest understories (Dalling & Tanner, 1995) or because they are smallseeded (Metcalfe et al., 1998) and require exposed soil surfaces free of obstructing leaf litter (e.g., Clethra occidentalis in Jamaica). A plant species th ...
Evolution of hematophagous habit in Triatominae
... the triatomines (Dolling 1991; Gillot 2005). With nearly 40,000 known species, Heteroptera is sometimes accepted as a complete order and as a monophyletic taxon (Dolling 1991; Forero 2008; Weirauch and Schuh 2011). This group is recognized principally by its hemelytrous forewings, which present a ch ...
... the triatomines (Dolling 1991; Gillot 2005). With nearly 40,000 known species, Heteroptera is sometimes accepted as a complete order and as a monophyletic taxon (Dolling 1991; Forero 2008; Weirauch and Schuh 2011). This group is recognized principally by its hemelytrous forewings, which present a ch ...
Here - American Society of Mammalogists
... Program in Ecology and Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82091 USA; National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya; Hirola Conservation Program, Garissa, Kenya Range Collapse, Demography and Habitat Selection of the Critically Endangered Hirola Antelope (Beatragus h ...
... Program in Ecology and Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82091 USA; National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya; Hirola Conservation Program, Garissa, Kenya Range Collapse, Demography and Habitat Selection of the Critically Endangered Hirola Antelope (Beatragus h ...
EU NON-NATIVE SPECIES RISK ANALYSIS – RISK ASSESSMENT
... banning importation and interstate transport of live snakeheads was published in the Federal Register on October 4, 2002 (67 FR 62193). This ruling ...
... banning importation and interstate transport of live snakeheads was published in the Federal Register on October 4, 2002 (67 FR 62193). This ruling ...
Upland and Wetland Prairies in the Midwest and West Coast
... ABSTRACT Prairies are unique from other biomes, in that they are open habitats comprised mainly of herbaceous plants with only a scattering of trees. One of the important ecological attributes of prairies is their high plant species richness. Midwest and West Coast prairies exhibit major differences ...
... ABSTRACT Prairies are unique from other biomes, in that they are open habitats comprised mainly of herbaceous plants with only a scattering of trees. One of the important ecological attributes of prairies is their high plant species richness. Midwest and West Coast prairies exhibit major differences ...
The roles of productivity and ecosystem size in determining food
... intermediate consumers increases (insertion mechanism); (3) the consumers diet changes either by growing larger and feeding on larger and potentially higher trophic position prey, or by purely behavioral shifts toward specialization allowing for more trophic exchanges within the food web (omnivory m ...
... intermediate consumers increases (insertion mechanism); (3) the consumers diet changes either by growing larger and feeding on larger and potentially higher trophic position prey, or by purely behavioral shifts toward specialization allowing for more trophic exchanges within the food web (omnivory m ...
Schluter TREE 2001
... ultimately as a consequence of divergent natural selection on traits between environments. Ecological speciation is general and might occur in allopatry or sympatry, involve many agents of natural selection, and result from a combination of adaptive processes. The main difficulty of the ecological h ...
... ultimately as a consequence of divergent natural selection on traits between environments. Ecological speciation is general and might occur in allopatry or sympatry, involve many agents of natural selection, and result from a combination of adaptive processes. The main difficulty of the ecological h ...