BIOS 3010: Ecology 2. The effect of grazing herbivores: 3. The effect
... 9. Disturbances and patch dynamics: • Founder-controlled communities: – All species are competitively similar. • Thus succession is not expected. • There is no competitive exclusion. • Presence in the community becomes a lottery (Fig. 16.21). – Some tropical reef fish communities may be like t ...
... 9. Disturbances and patch dynamics: • Founder-controlled communities: – All species are competitively similar. • Thus succession is not expected. • There is no competitive exclusion. • Presence in the community becomes a lottery (Fig. 16.21). – Some tropical reef fish communities may be like t ...
Delineation of Biographic Populations of the LWfG (09-02
... For the term “Fennoscandia” no clarification of the geographic extent etc. is provided. ...
... For the term “Fennoscandia” no clarification of the geographic extent etc. is provided. ...
Integrating ex situ and in situ conservation of lemurs
... by regional and national zoo associations in the developed world, such as the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) in North and Central America, the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA), and the Zoo and Aquarium Association (ZAA) in Australasia. Examples of coordinated captive breeding ...
... by regional and national zoo associations in the developed world, such as the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) in North and Central America, the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA), and the Zoo and Aquarium Association (ZAA) in Australasia. Examples of coordinated captive breeding ...
Genetic aspects of ex situ conservation
... Department of Biology, IFM, Linköping University ___________________________________________________________________________ Abstract More than 50 percent of all vertebrate species are classified as threatened today and this has become a central concern for people all over the world. There are sever ...
... Department of Biology, IFM, Linköping University ___________________________________________________________________________ Abstract More than 50 percent of all vertebrate species are classified as threatened today and this has become a central concern for people all over the world. There are sever ...
Facilitative interactions among aquatic invaders
... To test the first prediction of the invasional meltdown model, I reviewed all available published data for interactions among sympatric nonindigenous species in the Great Lakes. Literature sources were obtained primarily from references cited in Mills et al. (1993) and MacIsaac (1999), as well as fr ...
... To test the first prediction of the invasional meltdown model, I reviewed all available published data for interactions among sympatric nonindigenous species in the Great Lakes. Literature sources were obtained primarily from references cited in Mills et al. (1993) and MacIsaac (1999), as well as fr ...
Summary of Working Group Results
... currently changing in response to climate change. In some cases, baseline data are available from historical sources, many of which are still being discovered in the records of naturalists, gardeners, bird watchers, etc. In many areas, however, there is a pressing need to begin and sustain observati ...
... currently changing in response to climate change. In some cases, baseline data are available from historical sources, many of which are still being discovered in the records of naturalists, gardeners, bird watchers, etc. In many areas, however, there is a pressing need to begin and sustain observati ...
- The University of Liverpool Repository
... of those recurrent ecological patterns that have been observed in nature over large scales of space ...
... of those recurrent ecological patterns that have been observed in nature over large scales of space ...
CRS Report for Congress Endangered Species List Revisions:
... works. Different standards have been used to judge the ESA a failure and a success. Opponents of the Act contend that the ESA has failed while costing taxpayers billions of dollars, citing the low number of “recovered” species removed from the list. Proponents assert that the ESA has succeeded in pr ...
... works. Different standards have been used to judge the ESA a failure and a success. Opponents of the Act contend that the ESA has failed while costing taxpayers billions of dollars, citing the low number of “recovered” species removed from the list. Proponents assert that the ESA has succeeded in pr ...
The myriad consequences of hunting for vertebrates and plants in
... lacking. Laws protect wildlife successfully in developed nations because their citizens have economic alternatives. Laws are unlikely to protect wildlife in developing tropical nations as long as large numbers of ...
... lacking. Laws protect wildlife successfully in developed nations because their citizens have economic alternatives. Laws are unlikely to protect wildlife in developing tropical nations as long as large numbers of ...
Life–history and ecological distribution of chameleons
... Life–history and ecological distribution of chameleons (Reptilia, Chamaeleonidae) from the rain forests of Nigeria: conservation implications.— Five species of chameleons were observed in the continuous forest zone of southern Nigeria: Chamaeleo gracilis gracilis Hallowell, 1842, Chamaeleo owenii Gr ...
... Life–history and ecological distribution of chameleons (Reptilia, Chamaeleonidae) from the rain forests of Nigeria: conservation implications.— Five species of chameleons were observed in the continuous forest zone of southern Nigeria: Chamaeleo gracilis gracilis Hallowell, 1842, Chamaeleo owenii Gr ...
A Unique Mutualism: Seed Dispersal and Primate Self
... indigenous people of the area. There was also a 25% difference in the number of seeds removed from fruiting trees in the hunted versus non-hunted site. Data suggest that dispersal is being limited to a larger extent at the site where large frugivores are being hunted. Not only were the dispersers le ...
... indigenous people of the area. There was also a 25% difference in the number of seeds removed from fruiting trees in the hunted versus non-hunted site. Data suggest that dispersal is being limited to a larger extent at the site where large frugivores are being hunted. Not only were the dispersers le ...
Understanding Our Environment
... Wildlife smuggling is very profitable. - Leopard fur / Rhinoceros horns US Annual pet trade in wild species: 2 million reptiles 1 million amphibians and mammals 500,000 birds 128,000 tropical fish (often caught with cyanide above coral reefs) Cunningham - Cunningham - Saigo: Environmenta ...
... Wildlife smuggling is very profitable. - Leopard fur / Rhinoceros horns US Annual pet trade in wild species: 2 million reptiles 1 million amphibians and mammals 500,000 birds 128,000 tropical fish (often caught with cyanide above coral reefs) Cunningham - Cunningham - Saigo: Environmenta ...
Understanding Our Environment
... Wildlife smuggling is very profitable. - Leopard fur / Rhinoceros horns US Annual pet trade in wild species: 2 million reptiles 1 million amphibians and mammals 500,000 birds 128,000 tropical fish (often caught with cyanide above coral reefs) Cunningham - Cunningham - Saigo: Environmenta ...
... Wildlife smuggling is very profitable. - Leopard fur / Rhinoceros horns US Annual pet trade in wild species: 2 million reptiles 1 million amphibians and mammals 500,000 birds 128,000 tropical fish (often caught with cyanide above coral reefs) Cunningham - Cunningham - Saigo: Environmenta ...
Negative dietary effects of Colorado potato
... required in an eVective biocontrol agent (Debach and Rosen, 1991; Rosenheim et al., 1995). However, some authors have suggested that catholic feeding habits could actually improve the ability of generalists to contribute to biological control (Riechert and Lockley, 1984; Symondson et al., 2002), for ...
... required in an eVective biocontrol agent (Debach and Rosen, 1991; Rosenheim et al., 1995). However, some authors have suggested that catholic feeding habits could actually improve the ability of generalists to contribute to biological control (Riechert and Lockley, 1984; Symondson et al., 2002), for ...
12 Modoc Plateau Region
... displaced by introduced species through predation or ecological competition. These are the more well-known species affected by human activities. Unfortunately, due to lack of interest and lack of information, less is known about how hundreds of other animal species have fared over the past decades. ...
... displaced by introduced species through predation or ecological competition. These are the more well-known species affected by human activities. Unfortunately, due to lack of interest and lack of information, less is known about how hundreds of other animal species have fared over the past decades. ...
Adaptive Radiations - U.W.
... “. . . adaptive radiation strictly speaking refers to more or less simultaneous divergence of numerous lines all from much the same ancestral adaptive type into different, also diverging adaptive zones. [Simpson, 1953] zones.” ...
... “. . . adaptive radiation strictly speaking refers to more or less simultaneous divergence of numerous lines all from much the same ancestral adaptive type into different, also diverging adaptive zones. [Simpson, 1953] zones.” ...
A boreal invasion in response to climate change? Range shifts and
... the twentieth century, however, high-amplitude lemming peaks failed to appear in northern Sweden in 1941–1960 and 1982–2001 (Fig. 2; Angerbjörn et al. 2001). Although an absence of conspicuous high-amplitude peaks does not exclude the possibility that cycles persist, but with inconspicuous low-ampl ...
... the twentieth century, however, high-amplitude lemming peaks failed to appear in northern Sweden in 1941–1960 and 1982–2001 (Fig. 2; Angerbjörn et al. 2001). Although an absence of conspicuous high-amplitude peaks does not exclude the possibility that cycles persist, but with inconspicuous low-ampl ...
here - Azuero Earth Project
... lacking. Laws protect wildlife successfully in developed nations because their citizens have economic alternatives. Laws are unlikely to protect wildlife in developing tropical nations as long as large numbers of ...
... lacking. Laws protect wildlife successfully in developed nations because their citizens have economic alternatives. Laws are unlikely to protect wildlife in developing tropical nations as long as large numbers of ...
Prey species use a variety of mechanisms to escape from their
... Abstract: The defensive adaptations of three species of Tegula that inhabit kelp forests along the central California coast were investigated. Their principal predators are the starfishes P&aster giganteus (Stimpson) and Pyc~opodia heia~tho~de~(Brandt). Tegtda brwmea (Philippi) relies on avoidance a ...
... Abstract: The defensive adaptations of three species of Tegula that inhabit kelp forests along the central California coast were investigated. Their principal predators are the starfishes P&aster giganteus (Stimpson) and Pyc~opodia heia~tho~de~(Brandt). Tegtda brwmea (Philippi) relies on avoidance a ...
Review for the Ecology Unit Test!
... regularly — the population grew exponentially at first and then leveled off. However, when the two species were cultured together, P. caudatum proved to be the weaker competitor. After a brief phase of exponential growth, its population began to decline and ultimately it became extinct. The populati ...
... regularly — the population grew exponentially at first and then leveled off. However, when the two species were cultured together, P. caudatum proved to be the weaker competitor. After a brief phase of exponential growth, its population began to decline and ultimately it became extinct. The populati ...
Latitudinal gradients of species richness
... a consequence of barrier formation. Moreover, such species have higher likelihoods of persisting in niche refugia or enjoying high population densities, thereby reducing extinction probabilities. Zones harboring populations with high rates of speciation and low rates of extinction should support gre ...
... a consequence of barrier formation. Moreover, such species have higher likelihoods of persisting in niche refugia or enjoying high population densities, thereby reducing extinction probabilities. Zones harboring populations with high rates of speciation and low rates of extinction should support gre ...
PII: S0020-7519(01) - University of Otago
... is yes, with at least two processes acting to generate associations between species of larval worms. First, since fish often acquire larval worms when they ingest infected prey, it is possible that the long-lived larval worms accumulate inside a fish as it grows. Indeed, there is much evidence that ...
... is yes, with at least two processes acting to generate associations between species of larval worms. First, since fish often acquire larval worms when they ingest infected prey, it is possible that the long-lived larval worms accumulate inside a fish as it grows. Indeed, there is much evidence that ...
Clupea harengus
... Habitat and ecology The Baltic Sea herring is a pelagic species, spending the day close to the bottom but the night near the surface. Light is an important factor controlling its vertical distribution. It schools in coastal waters, with complex feeding and spawning migrations. Spawning occurs from s ...
... Habitat and ecology The Baltic Sea herring is a pelagic species, spending the day close to the bottom but the night near the surface. Light is an important factor controlling its vertical distribution. It schools in coastal waters, with complex feeding and spawning migrations. Spawning occurs from s ...
Lake Manager`s Handbook: Alien Invaders
... illegal species are difficult to distinguish from legal species and can be hidden within a legal import. Alternative methods of entry of aquatic plants to New Zealand appear to be as diverse as the imagination and the determination of interested persons – so much so that the term ‘pocket plants’ has ...
... illegal species are difficult to distinguish from legal species and can be hidden within a legal import. Alternative methods of entry of aquatic plants to New Zealand appear to be as diverse as the imagination and the determination of interested persons – so much so that the term ‘pocket plants’ has ...
roads and carrion-feeding beetle communitiesrequenting beetles
... Andrews 1990, Spellerberg 1998, Trombulak & Frissell 2000, Forman et al. 2003, Lassau & Hochuli 2003). Road construction clears and often paves over forest, thereby directly removing habitat from surrounding forests (Laurence 1990, Forman et al. 2003). Roads also fragment forests in the most literal ...
... Andrews 1990, Spellerberg 1998, Trombulak & Frissell 2000, Forman et al. 2003, Lassau & Hochuli 2003). Road construction clears and often paves over forest, thereby directly removing habitat from surrounding forests (Laurence 1990, Forman et al. 2003). Roads also fragment forests in the most literal ...
Island restoration
The ecological restoration of islands, or island restoration, is the application of the principles of ecological restoration to islands and island groups. Islands, due to their isolation, are home to many of the world's endemic species, as well as important breeding grounds for seabirds and some marine mammals. Their ecosystems are also very vulnerable to human disturbance and particularly to introduced species, due to their small size. Island groups such as New Zealand and Hawaii have undergone substantial extinctions and losses of habitat. Since the 1950s several organisations and government agencies around the world have worked to restore islands to their original states; New Zealand has used them to hold natural populations of species that would otherwise be unable to survive in the wild. The principal components of island restoration are the removal of introduced species and the reintroduction of native species.