Habitat Fragmentation – In Theory
... on the fragment. The size of the fragment influences the ecological process able to occur within the fragment (Collinge 1996). As habitat fragments become more isolated, the dynamics within the fragment become increasingly important. It is therefore important to maintain a minimum dynamic area, defi ...
... on the fragment. The size of the fragment influences the ecological process able to occur within the fragment (Collinge 1996). As habitat fragments become more isolated, the dynamics within the fragment become increasingly important. It is therefore important to maintain a minimum dynamic area, defi ...
Invasive ants alter the phylogenetic structure on native communities
... aims to document patterns of ant diversity and explore the possible ecological mechanisms leading to these patterns. Elucidating the processes by which communities assemble and species coexist might help explain spatial variation in species diversity. Using a combination of manipulative experiments, ...
... aims to document patterns of ant diversity and explore the possible ecological mechanisms leading to these patterns. Elucidating the processes by which communities assemble and species coexist might help explain spatial variation in species diversity. Using a combination of manipulative experiments, ...
agriculture - the Hawaii Ant Lab
... infested gardens. These ‘social’ impacts are rarely included in assessments of damage by agricultural agencies (Fasi et al. 2009). Compounding these ‘social’ impacts, many common crop pests thrive in the presence of invasive ants, especially hemiptera in which ants actively tend for their carbohydra ...
... infested gardens. These ‘social’ impacts are rarely included in assessments of damage by agricultural agencies (Fasi et al. 2009). Compounding these ‘social’ impacts, many common crop pests thrive in the presence of invasive ants, especially hemiptera in which ants actively tend for their carbohydra ...
The role of past and present management in the rural landscape
... Johansson, Cousins & Eriksson 2010) adds further to the diversity of the rural landscape. The severity of the habitat loss, in addition to the high biodiversity value of remaining fragments highlights the importance of conserving and restoring semi-natural grasslands, at broad spatial scales incorpo ...
... Johansson, Cousins & Eriksson 2010) adds further to the diversity of the rural landscape. The severity of the habitat loss, in addition to the high biodiversity value of remaining fragments highlights the importance of conserving and restoring semi-natural grasslands, at broad spatial scales incorpo ...
Seed dispersal by pulp consumers, not ``legitimate`` seed
... of the fitness of animal-dispersed species. Recent studies have examined the link between seed dispersal and patterns of recruitment (Nathan and Müller-Landau 2000, Wang and Smith 2002, Tews et al. 2004), which is the first step toward understanding how frugivore activity translates into demographic ...
... of the fitness of animal-dispersed species. Recent studies have examined the link between seed dispersal and patterns of recruitment (Nathan and Müller-Landau 2000, Wang and Smith 2002, Tews et al. 2004), which is the first step toward understanding how frugivore activity translates into demographic ...
Declining interspecific competition during character displacement
... indicate that the character displacement hypothesis is wrong or at best incomplete. For example, in the laboratory, benthics are more aggressive than intermediates (D. Schluter, personal observation), behaviour that may result in a strong impact on fitness of marines despite greater ecological diverg ...
... indicate that the character displacement hypothesis is wrong or at best incomplete. For example, in the laboratory, benthics are more aggressive than intermediates (D. Schluter, personal observation), behaviour that may result in a strong impact on fitness of marines despite greater ecological diverg ...
INVASIVE BARNACLE FouLINg oN AN ENDEMIC BuRRowINg CRAB
... used to oxygenate the respiratory water circulating from and to the branchial chamber (Santos et al., 1987). Only by performing carefully designed lab and field experiments with exclusion-inclusion caging, tethering and/or other manipulative methods will reveal the total and partial impacts that bar ...
... used to oxygenate the respiratory water circulating from and to the branchial chamber (Santos et al., 1987). Only by performing carefully designed lab and field experiments with exclusion-inclusion caging, tethering and/or other manipulative methods will reveal the total and partial impacts that bar ...
Body-mass constraints on foraging behaviour determine population
... production reproduction and ingestion (Peters 1983; Brown et al. 2004): ...
... production reproduction and ingestion (Peters 1983; Brown et al. 2004): ...
How life-history traits affect ecosystem properties: effects of dispersal
... whether environmental variability is spatial and/or temporal (Loreau et al. 2003a, Mouquet and Loreau 2003, see the link between ‘local adaptation’/’insurance’ and ‘characteristics of limiting factors’ in Fig. 1). By contrast, any dispersal flux of living organism eventually fuels the detritus pool ...
... whether environmental variability is spatial and/or temporal (Loreau et al. 2003a, Mouquet and Loreau 2003, see the link between ‘local adaptation’/’insurance’ and ‘characteristics of limiting factors’ in Fig. 1). By contrast, any dispersal flux of living organism eventually fuels the detritus pool ...
2014, vol 24 - Department of Biological Sciences
... The order of authorship on papers is usually alphabetical or haphazard, because all authors contribute equally on projects. For each paper there is a faculty editor (indicated after the author listing), who takes responsibility for defining the revisions, and decides on the acceptability of manuscri ...
... The order of authorship on papers is usually alphabetical or haphazard, because all authors contribute equally on projects. For each paper there is a faculty editor (indicated after the author listing), who takes responsibility for defining the revisions, and decides on the acceptability of manuscri ...
Biotic resistance and facilitation of a non
... additive effects on a dependent variable: biologically, joint effects on survival are inherently multiplicative, not additive (i.e. mortality cannot exceed 100%), but joint effects on the exponential rate of decline are expected to be additive. Results from spring 1997 were adjusted to 2 mo values f ...
... additive effects on a dependent variable: biologically, joint effects on survival are inherently multiplicative, not additive (i.e. mortality cannot exceed 100%), but joint effects on the exponential rate of decline are expected to be additive. Results from spring 1997 were adjusted to 2 mo values f ...
Importance of large carnivores for species diversity and top down
... Hebblewhite et al. (2005) investigated effects of wolf (Canis lupus) predation on elk (Cervus elaphus) population density, aspen (Populus tremuloides) and willow (Salix spp.) recruitment and browse intensity, beaver (Castor canadensis) density as well as riparian songbird diversity (evenness and abu ...
... Hebblewhite et al. (2005) investigated effects of wolf (Canis lupus) predation on elk (Cervus elaphus) population density, aspen (Populus tremuloides) and willow (Salix spp.) recruitment and browse intensity, beaver (Castor canadensis) density as well as riparian songbird diversity (evenness and abu ...
Ecological monitoring in Cambridge Bay
... represents the individual species codes (two first letters of genus and two first letters of species names (see Table 2.3)) and shows the location of each species within the ordination space; where a strong association of a species to a particular habitat type can be observed. The centroid variable ...
... represents the individual species codes (two first letters of genus and two first letters of species names (see Table 2.3)) and shows the location of each species within the ordination space; where a strong association of a species to a particular habitat type can be observed. The centroid variable ...
Confounding factors in the detection of species responses to habitat
... Large numbers of empirical studies continue to document changes in species richness with decreasing habitat area, with positive, negative and no relationships regularly reported. The debate surrounding such widely contrasting results is beginning to be resolved by findings that the expected positive ...
... Large numbers of empirical studies continue to document changes in species richness with decreasing habitat area, with positive, negative and no relationships regularly reported. The debate surrounding such widely contrasting results is beginning to be resolved by findings that the expected positive ...
Red-legged Pademelon - Byron Shire Council
... II. Ensure that affected land owners are aware of funding sources and mechanisms available to support habitat protection and enhancement. III. Remove stock grazing from areas of known Redlegged Pademelon habitat and wherever possible, from the best predicted habitat and connecting corridor habitat w ...
... II. Ensure that affected land owners are aware of funding sources and mechanisms available to support habitat protection and enhancement. III. Remove stock grazing from areas of known Redlegged Pademelon habitat and wherever possible, from the best predicted habitat and connecting corridor habitat w ...
Effects of Habitat Fragmentation on Biodiversity
... fragmentationper se (i.e., the breaking apartof habitat,controlling for changes in habitat amount) result in smaller patches (Figure 5). Using patch size as a measureof habitatfragmentationper se implicitly assumesthatpatch size is independentof habitatamountat the landscapescale (e.g., Niemelai2001 ...
... fragmentationper se (i.e., the breaking apartof habitat,controlling for changes in habitat amount) result in smaller patches (Figure 5). Using patch size as a measureof habitatfragmentationper se implicitly assumesthatpatch size is independentof habitatamountat the landscapescale (e.g., Niemelai2001 ...
4H Science Toolkit - Lost Ladybug Project
... 9. Round Two is played the same way except that the ladybugs have all been eliminated by something other than the toads. Aphids take over for a while. Disaster for the plants. 10. Round Three allows for only ONE species (half the number) of ladybugs to participate. In real life, predation and reprod ...
... 9. Round Two is played the same way except that the ladybugs have all been eliminated by something other than the toads. Aphids take over for a while. Disaster for the plants. 10. Round Three allows for only ONE species (half the number) of ladybugs to participate. In real life, predation and reprod ...
the maintenance of species diversity by disturbance
... will use only the term size for this meaning. Following Miller's (1982) convention, we define disturbance size as the amount of area disruptedper disturbance event. This is independent of the number of individuals, since a single small disturbance may kill one or many individuals or, in a clonal org ...
... will use only the term size for this meaning. Following Miller's (1982) convention, we define disturbance size as the amount of area disruptedper disturbance event. This is independent of the number of individuals, since a single small disturbance may kill one or many individuals or, in a clonal org ...
Seed germination traits of two plant functional
... secondary salinization due to their generally lower elevation, which are exposed to saline groundwater (Jolly et al. 2008). Nevertheless, a wide range of plant species, growing naturally on the coastal saline areas, can survive high salinity that is ...
... secondary salinization due to their generally lower elevation, which are exposed to saline groundwater (Jolly et al. 2008). Nevertheless, a wide range of plant species, growing naturally on the coastal saline areas, can survive high salinity that is ...
Alien fish species in the eastern Mediterranean Sea
... Functional and feeding guilds were developed to investigate the fish assemblage structure and function of coastal fish communities and to assess the potential role of NIS in the food web. In addition, diet investigations were considered important first steps in order to evaluate the potential role a ...
... Functional and feeding guilds were developed to investigate the fish assemblage structure and function of coastal fish communities and to assess the potential role of NIS in the food web. In addition, diet investigations were considered important first steps in order to evaluate the potential role a ...
Factors controlling the upper and lower limits of the intertidal
... or slightly below MTL. At that level, long-term averages of density peaked both in late winter (Fig. 2a) and in late summer (Fig. 2b). At higher and lower levels, mean densities rapidly declined to near-zero values where the levels approach the MHW (+6 dm) and MLW (-8 dm) marks. Though standard erro ...
... or slightly below MTL. At that level, long-term averages of density peaked both in late winter (Fig. 2a) and in late summer (Fig. 2b). At higher and lower levels, mean densities rapidly declined to near-zero values where the levels approach the MHW (+6 dm) and MLW (-8 dm) marks. Though standard erro ...
Relative importance of resource quantity, isolation and habitat
... occur north of our study area (50 km from the most northern population of our study region). This is also the northern distribution limit of H. comosa (Hennenberg and Bruelheide 2003). There is a gap of at least 30 km with no populations of P. coridon to the east and west of the study region, while ...
... occur north of our study area (50 km from the most northern population of our study region). This is also the northern distribution limit of H. comosa (Hennenberg and Bruelheide 2003). There is a gap of at least 30 km with no populations of P. coridon to the east and west of the study region, while ...
Stachowicz Annual Reviews - Virginia Institute of Marine Science
... time frames using organisms with sufficiently rapid generation times that their relative and absolute densities adjust during the experiment owing to birth, death, and recruitment. The choice between additive and replacement designs is more important in experiments of short duration or when density o ...
... time frames using organisms with sufficiently rapid generation times that their relative and absolute densities adjust during the experiment owing to birth, death, and recruitment. The choice between additive and replacement designs is more important in experiments of short duration or when density o ...
A Global Review of the Distribution, Taxonomy, and Impacts of
... increased the total number of introduced seaweed species to 277. Using binomial tests we show that several algal families contain more successful invaders than would be expected by chance, highlighting groups that should be targeted for management. Hull-fouling and aquaculture are the most significan ...
... increased the total number of introduced seaweed species to 277. Using binomial tests we show that several algal families contain more successful invaders than would be expected by chance, highlighting groups that should be targeted for management. Hull-fouling and aquaculture are the most significan ...
Population ecology of the Three-toed Woodpecker under
... development and prey abundance, and its variability in time and space are key factors in understanding individual responses and population processes in the woodpecker. In agreement with previous studies of factors limiting forest bird populations, I found the woodpecker breeding density and success ...
... development and prey abundance, and its variability in time and space are key factors in understanding individual responses and population processes in the woodpecker. In agreement with previous studies of factors limiting forest bird populations, I found the woodpecker breeding density and success ...