Ecological gradients and relative abundance of native (Mytilus
... et al. 1995; Anderson et al. 2002; Wonham 2004). The best-studied hybrid zone is between M. edulis and M. galloprovincialis in the N.E. Atlantic, particularly in England (Gardner 1994; Wilhelm and Hilbish 1998; Gilg and Hilbish 2000, 2003a, b, c; Hilbish et al. 2002) and France (Viard et al. 1994; C ...
... et al. 1995; Anderson et al. 2002; Wonham 2004). The best-studied hybrid zone is between M. edulis and M. galloprovincialis in the N.E. Atlantic, particularly in England (Gardner 1994; Wilhelm and Hilbish 1998; Gilg and Hilbish 2000, 2003a, b, c; Hilbish et al. 2002) and France (Viard et al. 1994; C ...
The effect of seed size on seed fate in a subtropical
... size, while others did not (Kollmann et al. 1998, Gong et al. 2015). According to some studies, rodents preferred to remove larger seeds rather than eat them in situ (Forget et al. 1998, Vander Wall 2003, Jansen et al. 2004, Wang et al. 2012), while others showed that medium-sized seeds would be rem ...
... size, while others did not (Kollmann et al. 1998, Gong et al. 2015). According to some studies, rodents preferred to remove larger seeds rather than eat them in situ (Forget et al. 1998, Vander Wall 2003, Jansen et al. 2004, Wang et al. 2012), while others showed that medium-sized seeds would be rem ...
Vertical zonation in the rocky intertidal at Cocos Island (Isla del Coco
... zones were estimated by digital image analysis. Twenty-three taxa were found, Mollusca was the most specious (12 species). Littorinid and neritid mollusks were dominant in the higher littoral area. The predator snails Plicopurpura patula pansa, and Thais brevidentata, high densities of the pulmonate ...
... zones were estimated by digital image analysis. Twenty-three taxa were found, Mollusca was the most specious (12 species). Littorinid and neritid mollusks were dominant in the higher littoral area. The predator snails Plicopurpura patula pansa, and Thais brevidentata, high densities of the pulmonate ...
Are We Missing the Forest for the Trees?
... One of the major questions in ecology is how plant species coexist and thus how diversity is maintained. While there are many theories to explain the maintenance of plant species diversity, compelling ...
... One of the major questions in ecology is how plant species coexist and thus how diversity is maintained. While there are many theories to explain the maintenance of plant species diversity, compelling ...
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[PDF 253.96KB]
... practice (Bengtsson et al., 2000; ) as well as wider ecological theory. For example, predator diversity may be important for herbivore pest control (Snyder et al., 2006; Tylianakis & Romo, 2010), while a diverse pollinator assemblage also ensures a full pollination service to the plant community (Me ...
... practice (Bengtsson et al., 2000; ) as well as wider ecological theory. For example, predator diversity may be important for herbivore pest control (Snyder et al., 2006; Tylianakis & Romo, 2010), while a diverse pollinator assemblage also ensures a full pollination service to the plant community (Me ...
Arthropods Associated with Xeric Longleaf Pine Habitats in the
... with accumulated litter remain in abandoned tortoise burrows and burned out stumpholes. In some areas, dumps of oaks may shade out the fire-carrying wiregrass and litter may accumulate. All in all, although the list of litter-inhabiting arthropods may be quite long, their ecological role is likely t ...
... with accumulated litter remain in abandoned tortoise burrows and burned out stumpholes. In some areas, dumps of oaks may shade out the fire-carrying wiregrass and litter may accumulate. All in all, although the list of litter-inhabiting arthropods may be quite long, their ecological role is likely t ...
(2001) Global Strategy on Invasive Alien Species.
... GISP has contributed extensively to the knowledge and awareness of IAS and has developed a guide, "Invasive Alien Species: A Toolkit of Best Prevention and Management" to address the problem. Many challenges, however, still need to be further addressed, and a continuation of the program is recommend ...
... GISP has contributed extensively to the knowledge and awareness of IAS and has developed a guide, "Invasive Alien Species: A Toolkit of Best Prevention and Management" to address the problem. Many challenges, however, still need to be further addressed, and a continuation of the program is recommend ...
AMERICAN BULLFROG FACT SHEET Rana catesbeiana
... Bullfrog tadpoles typically take 1‐2 years to metamorphose (Bullfrog info sheet, CA State; Treanor and Nicola 1972; Govindarajulu, et. al. 2006; Bury and Whelan 1984). Therefore, permanent water sources are needed for reproduction, such as ponds, ditches, cattle tanks, rivers, streams, lakes and w ...
... Bullfrog tadpoles typically take 1‐2 years to metamorphose (Bullfrog info sheet, CA State; Treanor and Nicola 1972; Govindarajulu, et. al. 2006; Bury and Whelan 1984). Therefore, permanent water sources are needed for reproduction, such as ponds, ditches, cattle tanks, rivers, streams, lakes and w ...
CONSUMERS - Lubchenco/Menge Lab
... Levings, 1981; 1983; Gaines, 1983; 1985). Field observations indicate that the damselfish defend loosely-defined subtidal territories against all other fishes, but will move well into the low zone to forage at high tide. The wrasses defend dens under boulders or in deep crevices in the shallow subti ...
... Levings, 1981; 1983; Gaines, 1983; 1985). Field observations indicate that the damselfish defend loosely-defined subtidal territories against all other fishes, but will move well into the low zone to forage at high tide. The wrasses defend dens under boulders or in deep crevices in the shallow subti ...
Fishing down the marine food webs in the Hellenic seas
... known as the “fishing down the food web” theory (FDFW), seems to be a promising tool for identifying whether the fishery in a particular region is sustainable or not. Although a debate was raised (Caddy et al. 1998) on four sources of bias that may have affected Pauly’s et al. (1998a) results, all t ...
... known as the “fishing down the food web” theory (FDFW), seems to be a promising tool for identifying whether the fishery in a particular region is sustainable or not. Although a debate was raised (Caddy et al. 1998) on four sources of bias that may have affected Pauly’s et al. (1998a) results, all t ...
Abundance and Diets of Rats in Two Native
... on Maui, Hawai'i, to determine the relative abundances, distributions, and diets of rodents. Black rats (R. rattus), Polynesian rats (R. exulans), and mice (Mus musculus) were abundant throughout the mesic to wet forest habitat in both areas from 1600 to 2000 m elevation during both summer and winte ...
... on Maui, Hawai'i, to determine the relative abundances, distributions, and diets of rodents. Black rats (R. rattus), Polynesian rats (R. exulans), and mice (Mus musculus) were abundant throughout the mesic to wet forest habitat in both areas from 1600 to 2000 m elevation during both summer and winte ...
Western harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys megalotis)
... mammal communities, reaching densities of 60 animals/ha within suitable habitat. In Canada, this species is naturally rare and occurs at low densities, typically comprising less than 10% of the small mammal community. Population densities as high as 80 animals/ha have been recorded in BC. Western ha ...
... mammal communities, reaching densities of 60 animals/ha within suitable habitat. In Canada, this species is naturally rare and occurs at low densities, typically comprising less than 10% of the small mammal community. Population densities as high as 80 animals/ha have been recorded in BC. Western ha ...
Nauplius
... During this work, we have been using a procedure (scuba diving for capture effort), which provided large amounts of material from an irregular surface. The efficiency of this sampling technique reveals that the biodiversity of hermit crab (Mantelatto and Garcia, 2002) and gastropod species on Anchie ...
... During this work, we have been using a procedure (scuba diving for capture effort), which provided large amounts of material from an irregular surface. The efficiency of this sampling technique reveals that the biodiversity of hermit crab (Mantelatto and Garcia, 2002) and gastropod species on Anchie ...
Foliage shedding in deciduous forests lifts up long
... The most common species in the samples, Liriodendron tulipifera, was the only species dispersing all year long, with some seeds collected from traps in every single census. This species showed a dispersal peak during fall, either in October (2001), November (2000), or December (2002), and a secondar ...
... The most common species in the samples, Liriodendron tulipifera, was the only species dispersing all year long, with some seeds collected from traps in every single census. This species showed a dispersal peak during fall, either in October (2001), November (2000), or December (2002), and a secondar ...
Ecotones and Ecological Gradients
... Ecotones are areas where ecological communities, ecosystems, or biotic regions coincide. They often occur in areas of steep environmental transition, along environmental gradients. In these transitional regions, the environment rapidly shifts from one type to another based on abiotic (e.g., climatic ...
... Ecotones are areas where ecological communities, ecosystems, or biotic regions coincide. They often occur in areas of steep environmental transition, along environmental gradients. In these transitional regions, the environment rapidly shifts from one type to another based on abiotic (e.g., climatic ...
Habitat Characteristics Influencing Resident and Over
... population declines that rival those exhibited by the suit of species that are dependent upon savannah, prairie, or grassland ecosystems (Knopf 1994, Samson and Knopf 1994, Brawn et al. 2001, Vickery and Herkert 2001, Brennan and Kuvlesky 2005, Sauer et al. 2005). Knopf (1994) collectively described ...
... population declines that rival those exhibited by the suit of species that are dependent upon savannah, prairie, or grassland ecosystems (Knopf 1994, Samson and Knopf 1994, Brawn et al. 2001, Vickery and Herkert 2001, Brennan and Kuvlesky 2005, Sauer et al. 2005). Knopf (1994) collectively described ...
Volume 192 - 1991 - Part 14 of 41
... culture) with a response to naturally varying processes. The above examples of density-dependent processes also imply that effective evaluations of proposed exten sive mariculture programmes should include benefit/ cost analyses that incorporate potential interactions at several levels of biologic ...
... culture) with a response to naturally varying processes. The above examples of density-dependent processes also imply that effective evaluations of proposed exten sive mariculture programmes should include benefit/ cost analyses that incorporate potential interactions at several levels of biologic ...
American Journal of Botany
... H2: Herbivore impacts on producer biomass decline as producer richness increases. Q3. Does primary producer diversity influence the decomposition of litter? H3: Producer diversity accelerates decomposition, leading to lower stocks of detritus. Q4. What mechanisms generate effects of producer diversi ...
... H2: Herbivore impacts on producer biomass decline as producer richness increases. Q3. Does primary producer diversity influence the decomposition of litter? H3: Producer diversity accelerates decomposition, leading to lower stocks of detritus. Q4. What mechanisms generate effects of producer diversi ...
UNCORRECTED PROOF Frog community responses to recent
... estimated according to its geometrical shape (most water bodies were approximately triangular or rectangular). Following the frog line transect survey (see above), the cover of submerged vegetation in a 1 m wide strip from the water’s edge in the water part of each transect was estimated and assigne ...
... estimated according to its geometrical shape (most water bodies were approximately triangular or rectangular). Following the frog line transect survey (see above), the cover of submerged vegetation in a 1 m wide strip from the water’s edge in the water part of each transect was estimated and assigne ...
Interspecific interactions in phytophagous insects revisited: a
... Davidson & Andrewartha (1948) were among the first to challenge the importance of competition based on their long-term observations of thrips on rose bushes. Interannual variation in the abundance of thrips was correlated with weather, and not explained by density-dependent factors such as competiti ...
... Davidson & Andrewartha (1948) were among the first to challenge the importance of competition based on their long-term observations of thrips on rose bushes. Interannual variation in the abundance of thrips was correlated with weather, and not explained by density-dependent factors such as competiti ...
American Journal of Botany
... H2: Herbivore impacts on producer biomass decline as producer richness increases. Q3. Does primary producer diversity influence the decomposition of litter? H3: Producer diversity accelerates decomposition, leading to lower stocks of detritus. Q4. What mechanisms generate effects of producer diversi ...
... H2: Herbivore impacts on producer biomass decline as producer richness increases. Q3. Does primary producer diversity influence the decomposition of litter? H3: Producer diversity accelerates decomposition, leading to lower stocks of detritus. Q4. What mechanisms generate effects of producer diversi ...
Evolutionary Arguments on Aging, Disease, and Other Topics
... question is physiological and means: “What are the mechanisms responsible for this response? What is the sequence of events between stimulus and response?” The second question is not strictly physiological, but teleological; it is, in fact, a request for the finalistic interpretation, which, if righ ...
... question is physiological and means: “What are the mechanisms responsible for this response? What is the sequence of events between stimulus and response?” The second question is not strictly physiological, but teleological; it is, in fact, a request for the finalistic interpretation, which, if righ ...
Invasion processes and causes of success.
... processes in general, as well as of interactions more specific to myrmecology. For instance, the dynamics that exist during ant invasions may reveal the traits that promote behavioural or ecological dominance. Furthermore, highly successful invasive ant species are often less conspicuous in their na ...
... processes in general, as well as of interactions more specific to myrmecology. For instance, the dynamics that exist during ant invasions may reveal the traits that promote behavioural or ecological dominance. Furthermore, highly successful invasive ant species are often less conspicuous in their na ...
Analyzing ecological networks of species interactions
... Most notions in community ecology, including the definition of a community (Vellend 2010; Morin 2011), and several definitions of a niche (Holt 2009; Devictor et al. 2010), emphasize the need to study the identity of species and their interactions simultaneously (although ecological network analysis ...
... Most notions in community ecology, including the definition of a community (Vellend 2010; Morin 2011), and several definitions of a niche (Holt 2009; Devictor et al. 2010), emphasize the need to study the identity of species and their interactions simultaneously (although ecological network analysis ...
Drivers of CO2 Emission Rates from Dead Wood Logs of 13 Tree
... of soil organic matter found a saturation of this process at rather low levels of fungal species diversity [27]. In another experiment with dead wood, it was shown that the fungal diversity-decomposition rate relationship depended on wood decay stages [19,28]. While a decrease of fungal diversity du ...
... of soil organic matter found a saturation of this process at rather low levels of fungal species diversity [27]. In another experiment with dead wood, it was shown that the fungal diversity-decomposition rate relationship depended on wood decay stages [19,28]. While a decrease of fungal diversity du ...