Weeds and the monitoring of biodiversity in Australian rangelands
... likely to have greater impacts than others. Many of the alien species present in Australian rangelands already have extensive ranges there, as demonstrated by maps of current distributions of species nominated as Weeds of National Significance (WONS). However, bioclimatic analyses predict that for m ...
... likely to have greater impacts than others. Many of the alien species present in Australian rangelands already have extensive ranges there, as demonstrated by maps of current distributions of species nominated as Weeds of National Significance (WONS). However, bioclimatic analyses predict that for m ...
... B u - DFG has measured the proportion of the bass population harvested by anglers periodically between 1958 and 1968 and annually since 1969. Since 1969 anglers have harvested an average of 19% of legal-sized bass annually with a range of 10 to 30 % . No trend is evident over this period. While thes ...
Coexistence of nearly neutral species - SYSU
... simulated the effects of differential birth rates (as proposed by Zhang and Lin 1997) on species-abundance distributions. These models depart from Hubbell’s neutral model by only considering species difference in either birth rate or death rate, but not both, although in reality species differ in bo ...
... simulated the effects of differential birth rates (as proposed by Zhang and Lin 1997) on species-abundance distributions. These models depart from Hubbell’s neutral model by only considering species difference in either birth rate or death rate, but not both, although in reality species differ in bo ...
Return of an Icon - Canadian Bison Association
... It attracts dung beetles and other insects, which the owls prey upon. A higher density of beetles, at the tunnel entrance, allows chicks the ability to hunt near safety. Burrows with dung have over 75% more insect biomass than those without dung. Dung in and around the burrow informs other owls that ...
... It attracts dung beetles and other insects, which the owls prey upon. A higher density of beetles, at the tunnel entrance, allows chicks the ability to hunt near safety. Burrows with dung have over 75% more insect biomass than those without dung. Dung in and around the burrow informs other owls that ...
BIOLOGICAL WEED CONTROL VIA NUTRIENT COMPETITION: POTASSIUM LIMITATION OF DANDELIONS E A. T
... Despite this, we believe that this uniquely long-term study may generate valuable hypotheses. To do so, we mainly focus on treatment means, but we have used the tools of modern statistics, especially ANOVA and contrasts of means, as one way to test for the plausibility that resultant patterns might ...
... Despite this, we believe that this uniquely long-term study may generate valuable hypotheses. To do so, we mainly focus on treatment means, but we have used the tools of modern statistics, especially ANOVA and contrasts of means, as one way to test for the plausibility that resultant patterns might ...
Some Principles of Conservation Biology, as They Apply
... and attempt to put the burden of proof on environmentalists to demonstrate that a species provides direct benefits to human society and therefore warrants protection. In practice, if not in intent, the burden of proof in the ESA and National Environmental Policy Act ("NEPA") is already on those who ...
... and attempt to put the burden of proof on environmentalists to demonstrate that a species provides direct benefits to human society and therefore warrants protection. In practice, if not in intent, the burden of proof in the ESA and National Environmental Policy Act ("NEPA") is already on those who ...
Outline for the next 2 weeks Habitat loss, degradation and
... Residuals - unexplained variation after controlling for change in patch size or total edge due to loss of habitat ...
... Residuals - unexplained variation after controlling for change in patch size or total edge due to loss of habitat ...
Fitness and physiology in a variable environment
... et al. 2002; Heschel and Riginos 2005; Donovan et al. 2007; Agrawal et al. 2008). Although most studies have focused on fitness differences due to physiological trait variation within species, fitness differences among species promote shifts in community composition. Less is known about how physiolo ...
... et al. 2002; Heschel and Riginos 2005; Donovan et al. 2007; Agrawal et al. 2008). Although most studies have focused on fitness differences due to physiological trait variation within species, fitness differences among species promote shifts in community composition. Less is known about how physiolo ...
Key of
... DFG has measured harvest rates periodically since 1954. Annual harvest rates were less than 8% until 1984, when they increased to 9 to 11%. Concern that those higher rates were approaching dangerous levels resulted in adoption of the current more restrictive size limits. Subsequently, harvests have ...
... DFG has measured harvest rates periodically since 1954. Annual harvest rates were less than 8% until 1984, when they increased to 9 to 11%. Concern that those higher rates were approaching dangerous levels resulted in adoption of the current more restrictive size limits. Subsequently, harvests have ...
Wildlife Encounters by Lewis and Clark
... Others have studied the Lewis and Clark journals with regard to wildlife. Martin and Szuter (1999a) examined Lewis and Clark’s wildlife observations on a broad scale, labeling areas where wildlife was abundant and humans were not as “war zones” and areas with abundant humans and less wildlife as “ga ...
... Others have studied the Lewis and Clark journals with regard to wildlife. Martin and Szuter (1999a) examined Lewis and Clark’s wildlife observations on a broad scale, labeling areas where wildlife was abundant and humans were not as “war zones” and areas with abundant humans and less wildlife as “ga ...
Niche versus chance and tree diversity in forest gaps
... of light-demanding pioneer species, which would scent most sensitive to gap environments, were not directly related to gap size or light climate in newly formed gaps 38. All these results on populations contradict the hypothesis that species coexistence and diversity are maintained by niche diversif ...
... of light-demanding pioneer species, which would scent most sensitive to gap environments, were not directly related to gap size or light climate in newly formed gaps 38. All these results on populations contradict the hypothesis that species coexistence and diversity are maintained by niche diversif ...
Adapt or disperse: understanding species persistence
... predictions can be explained by ecological and evolutionary processes that significantly alter the ranges of species, but are often not accounted for in models. For instance, in recently founded populations, the proportion of dispersive phenotypes at the border of the species range increase over non ...
... predictions can be explained by ecological and evolutionary processes that significantly alter the ranges of species, but are often not accounted for in models. For instance, in recently founded populations, the proportion of dispersive phenotypes at the border of the species range increase over non ...
Adapt or disperse: understanding species persistence in a changing
... predictions can be explained by ecological and evolutionary processes that significantly alter the ranges of species, but are often not accounted for in models. For instance, in recently founded populations, the proportion of dispersive phenotypes at the border of the species range increase over non ...
... predictions can be explained by ecological and evolutionary processes that significantly alter the ranges of species, but are often not accounted for in models. For instance, in recently founded populations, the proportion of dispersive phenotypes at the border of the species range increase over non ...
Connectance in stream food webs
... high degree of omnivory, however, so that estimates of predator/prey ratio, or even a meaningful value of connectance, are debatable (Wardle et al. 1995). Only recently has a more resolved and complete data set been reported for a stream food web (Schmid-Araya et al. 2002) and this paper takes advan ...
... high degree of omnivory, however, so that estimates of predator/prey ratio, or even a meaningful value of connectance, are debatable (Wardle et al. 1995). Only recently has a more resolved and complete data set been reported for a stream food web (Schmid-Araya et al. 2002) and this paper takes advan ...
pdf - New Zealand Ecological Society
... detectability of target species. Incomplete detectability may result in underestimates of occupancy and biased estimates of extinction and colonisation rates. Recent techniques use multiple surveys of sampling sites to model detectability and derive robust estimates of occupancy, and extinction and ...
... detectability of target species. Incomplete detectability may result in underestimates of occupancy and biased estimates of extinction and colonisation rates. Recent techniques use multiple surveys of sampling sites to model detectability and derive robust estimates of occupancy, and extinction and ...
Assisted colonization as a climate change adaptation tool
... (usually woody species) are able to take advantage of higher concentrations of atmospheric CO2 relative to C4 plants (often grasses). Incursions into grasslands and grassy woodlands by C3 plants are therefore expected (Bond & Midgley 2000; Hovenden & Williams 2010). However, increased growth rates v ...
... (usually woody species) are able to take advantage of higher concentrations of atmospheric CO2 relative to C4 plants (often grasses). Incursions into grasslands and grassy woodlands by C3 plants are therefore expected (Bond & Midgley 2000; Hovenden & Williams 2010). However, increased growth rates v ...
A species definition for the Modern Synthesis
... between individuals. We use the patterns course, will be reproductive continuity of the discrete genetic differences, rather and gene flow; but, with the biological than the discreteness itself, to reveal concept, such a question and answer is logically impossible since reproductive genotypic cluste ...
... between individuals. We use the patterns course, will be reproductive continuity of the discrete genetic differences, rather and gene flow; but, with the biological than the discreteness itself, to reveal concept, such a question and answer is logically impossible since reproductive genotypic cluste ...
Interactions between two endangered butterflies and invasive, exotic
... highly fragmented and degraded (Wilson et al. 2003), high quality reproductive habitat outside the currently occupied sites are relatively rare, usually small in area, and are far enough apart that frequent immigration by female butterflies seems unlikely. It will be essential for Taylor’s checkersp ...
... highly fragmented and degraded (Wilson et al. 2003), high quality reproductive habitat outside the currently occupied sites are relatively rare, usually small in area, and are far enough apart that frequent immigration by female butterflies seems unlikely. It will be essential for Taylor’s checkersp ...
Landscape composition influences patterns of native and exotic lady
... mean numbers of individual coccinellid species as well as mean prey abundance were log (x + 1) transformed prior to analysis to meet the assumptions of normality and homogeneity of variances (SAS Institute, 1999). While no site had an overlapping 3.5-km landscape buffer within a given year, 24 sites ...
... mean numbers of individual coccinellid species as well as mean prey abundance were log (x + 1) transformed prior to analysis to meet the assumptions of normality and homogeneity of variances (SAS Institute, 1999). While no site had an overlapping 3.5-km landscape buffer within a given year, 24 sites ...
Full text in pdf format
... June, July and October 2002. In June 2001 and February 2002, sampling could not be performed at the sampling station 5000 m offshore. Biological material was collected using a small dimension grab sampler (similar to Petit Ponar, 248 cm2). Each grab had an approximate minimum depth of penetration of ...
... June, July and October 2002. In June 2001 and February 2002, sampling could not be performed at the sampling station 5000 m offshore. Biological material was collected using a small dimension grab sampler (similar to Petit Ponar, 248 cm2). Each grab had an approximate minimum depth of penetration of ...
Secondary succession is influenced by belowground insect
... insecticide as well as application of soil insecticide resulted in an increase of cover abundance of the plant community (Table 1, Fig. 1). The magnitude of this effect, however, was rather low (foliar insecticide: 5% and soil insecticide: 8% during the peak of cover abundance in July). In the secon ...
... insecticide as well as application of soil insecticide resulted in an increase of cover abundance of the plant community (Table 1, Fig. 1). The magnitude of this effect, however, was rather low (foliar insecticide: 5% and soil insecticide: 8% during the peak of cover abundance in July). In the secon ...
Non-indigenous species
... i.e. the NIS makes up only a small part of the relevant native community; NIS are considered rare or occasional in the assessment area i.e. the NIS constitutes less than a half of the abundance of the native community; NIS are considered frequent in the assessment area i.e. the NIS exceeds half, i.e ...
... i.e. the NIS makes up only a small part of the relevant native community; NIS are considered rare or occasional in the assessment area i.e. the NIS constitutes less than a half of the abundance of the native community; NIS are considered frequent in the assessment area i.e. the NIS exceeds half, i.e ...
Invasion, Competition, and Biodiversity Loss in Urban
... pattern of species loss in cities, the processes associated with habitat change that underlie urban species loss are not well studied or understood. Finally, there are very few studies of interspecific competition in urban settings or its affect on diversity (e.g., Petren and Case 1996, Sedlacek et ...
... pattern of species loss in cities, the processes associated with habitat change that underlie urban species loss are not well studied or understood. Finally, there are very few studies of interspecific competition in urban settings or its affect on diversity (e.g., Petren and Case 1996, Sedlacek et ...
Ecological Factors Affecting Community Invasibility
... Lewis) and manipulative experiments in both marine and terrestrial systems (Britton-Simmons 2006; Kennedy et al. 2002; Levine 2000; Naeem et al. 2000; Stachowicz et al. 1999, 2002a; White and Shurin 2007) generally (but not unequivocally—see Arenas et al. 2006) support the idea that increasing diver ...
... Lewis) and manipulative experiments in both marine and terrestrial systems (Britton-Simmons 2006; Kennedy et al. 2002; Levine 2000; Naeem et al. 2000; Stachowicz et al. 1999, 2002a; White and Shurin 2007) generally (but not unequivocally—see Arenas et al. 2006) support the idea that increasing diver ...
Plants & Ecology Range margins and refugia Johan Dahlberg
... Willis and McElwain (2002) regard as small scale, will be further dealt with in this essay. It covers the characteristics of species ranges and its special case, refugia, where populations can survive during range contraction. To understand the characteristics of refugia it is necessary to have know ...
... Willis and McElwain (2002) regard as small scale, will be further dealt with in this essay. It covers the characteristics of species ranges and its special case, refugia, where populations can survive during range contraction. To understand the characteristics of refugia it is necessary to have know ...