Production, Predation and Food Niche Segregation in a Marine
... in Kvarnbukten Bay in order to assess the abundance, biomass and production of the benthic infauna constituting the main food resource for the predaceous epifauna. The bay was stratified according to depth and substrate composition (Evans and Tallmark, 1976, 1977). Random sampling was carried out in ...
... in Kvarnbukten Bay in order to assess the abundance, biomass and production of the benthic infauna constituting the main food resource for the predaceous epifauna. The bay was stratified according to depth and substrate composition (Evans and Tallmark, 1976, 1977). Random sampling was carried out in ...
OS - BioMed Central
... plotted them on a map of the study area. For species that occurred in both the study area and the buffer zone, we again relied on habitat information to determine whether to include the species. For plants, we did not include those species for which current taxonomists recognize one or more infraspe ...
... plotted them on a map of the study area. For species that occurred in both the study area and the buffer zone, we again relied on habitat information to determine whether to include the species. For plants, we did not include those species for which current taxonomists recognize one or more infraspe ...
Disturbance, species loss and compensation
... Abstract An important question in biodiversity studies is whether disturbances in ecosystems will cause a net loss of species or whether such losses can be compensated by replacement of other species. We use two natural disturbances, fire and grazing, to examine the response of bird and arthropod co ...
... Abstract An important question in biodiversity studies is whether disturbances in ecosystems will cause a net loss of species or whether such losses can be compensated by replacement of other species. We use two natural disturbances, fire and grazing, to examine the response of bird and arthropod co ...
insight review articles - Montana State University
... of ecoclimatic zones that species can actually occupy, because it requires that individuals have broad environmental tolerances3. The observation that area alone is insufficient as a determinant of latitudinal gradients in species richness could equally be made about almost any other factor that has ...
... of ecoclimatic zones that species can actually occupy, because it requires that individuals have broad environmental tolerances3. The observation that area alone is insufficient as a determinant of latitudinal gradients in species richness could equally be made about almost any other factor that has ...
The role of dispersal in shaping plant community Kathryn M. Flinn
... 2005). For example, spatial scale and the range of environmental variation may affect the balance of environmental and spatial control (Karst, Gilbert & Lechowicz 2005; Jones et al. 2006; van der Gucht et al. 2007). Greater habitat connectivity should reduce dispersal limitation and allow more effec ...
... 2005). For example, spatial scale and the range of environmental variation may affect the balance of environmental and spatial control (Karst, Gilbert & Lechowicz 2005; Jones et al. 2006; van der Gucht et al. 2007). Greater habitat connectivity should reduce dispersal limitation and allow more effec ...
Ecological Reference Points for Forage Species
... achieving the target biomass reference point, and F-based reference points must be set consistent with that target. Managing for Availability Ecological management of forage fish may also account for the fact that setting a more conservative target population goal does not fully protect the species’ ...
... achieving the target biomass reference point, and F-based reference points must be set consistent with that target. Managing for Availability Ecological management of forage fish may also account for the fact that setting a more conservative target population goal does not fully protect the species’ ...
Conceptual problems and scale limitations of defining ecological
... van Andel model of ecological communities Looijen & van Andel (1999) provided two criteria that are linked together as their approach to defining communities. The first of these could be called ‘restricted membership’. Looijen & van Andel (1999) noted that researchers have defined communities as eit ...
... van Andel model of ecological communities Looijen & van Andel (1999) provided two criteria that are linked together as their approach to defining communities. The first of these could be called ‘restricted membership’. Looijen & van Andel (1999) noted that researchers have defined communities as eit ...
Phylogenetic distance can predict susceptibility
... of Phylocom (Webb et al. 2008). For each focal species, we then calculated NND (phylogenetic distance to the nearest native neighbor) and MPD (mean phylogenetic distance to all other native species). We also calculated metrics of relatedness that are based on the inverse pairwise distance between sp ...
... of Phylocom (Webb et al. 2008). For each focal species, we then calculated NND (phylogenetic distance to the nearest native neighbor) and MPD (mean phylogenetic distance to all other native species). We also calculated metrics of relatedness that are based on the inverse pairwise distance between sp ...
The Effects of Urban Sprawl on Birds at Multiple Levels
... patterns at the individual, species, community, landscape, and continental levels. I do this by assessing the distribution and abundance of all bird species occupying sites of differing land-use intensity in Ohio and California. Additionally, I conducted predation experiments using artificial nests, ...
... patterns at the individual, species, community, landscape, and continental levels. I do this by assessing the distribution and abundance of all bird species occupying sites of differing land-use intensity in Ohio and California. Additionally, I conducted predation experiments using artificial nests, ...
Assembly history dictates ecosystem functioning
... differences of the same magnitude in the rate of decomposition and carbon release from wood. These effects – which were attributable to the history-dependent outcome of competitive and facilitative interactions – were significant across a range of nitrogen availabilities observed in natural forests. ...
... differences of the same magnitude in the rate of decomposition and carbon release from wood. These effects – which were attributable to the history-dependent outcome of competitive and facilitative interactions – were significant across a range of nitrogen availabilities observed in natural forests. ...
Fauna Technical Note No. 18 Threatened frogs 1
... seen ‘basking’ out of water amongst vegetation or on rocks and logs. The breeding season in Tasmania is from September to January. The species requires adequate water levels for tadpole survival and prefers warmer water for breeding. Ideal breeding habitat is the shallow part of waterbodies (to appr ...
... seen ‘basking’ out of water amongst vegetation or on rocks and logs. The breeding season in Tasmania is from September to January. The species requires adequate water levels for tadpole survival and prefers warmer water for breeding. Ideal breeding habitat is the shallow part of waterbodies (to appr ...
Preston et al. 2012 comm invasions
... 2005). Disentangling interactions among multiple invaders within native communities becomes even more challenging when nonnative species occur simultaneously with other types of environmental change, which can facilitate invaders or directly alter community structure (MacDougall and Turkington 2005) ...
... 2005). Disentangling interactions among multiple invaders within native communities becomes even more challenging when nonnative species occur simultaneously with other types of environmental change, which can facilitate invaders or directly alter community structure (MacDougall and Turkington 2005) ...
Counting the books while the library burns: why conservation
... wherein a species was monitored passively until it suffered local, regional, or global extinction due to the absence of a preplanned intervention program (WebTable 1). This is not meant as a criticism of ecological or conservation monitoring per se, since these are critical for understanding the eco ...
... wherein a species was monitored passively until it suffered local, regional, or global extinction due to the absence of a preplanned intervention program (WebTable 1). This is not meant as a criticism of ecological or conservation monitoring per se, since these are critical for understanding the eco ...
Species at Risk Database Management System
... Assessment Criteria Meets Endangered, A2acd+4acd, but designated Threatened because it does not appear to be facing imminent extinction or extirpation. Reason for Designation This population gives birth on the open arctic tundra, and most herds winter in vast subarctic forests. Well-known for its la ...
... Assessment Criteria Meets Endangered, A2acd+4acd, but designated Threatened because it does not appear to be facing imminent extinction or extirpation. Reason for Designation This population gives birth on the open arctic tundra, and most herds winter in vast subarctic forests. Well-known for its la ...
Positive interactions in ecology: filling the fundamental niche
... These examples show that interactions with exotic facilitators can increase the size of the realized niche by increasing the spatial distribution (reducing dispersal limitations), or by modifying the physical and chemical conditions of the habitats. However, whether the new range of conditions exper ...
... These examples show that interactions with exotic facilitators can increase the size of the realized niche by increasing the spatial distribution (reducing dispersal limitations), or by modifying the physical and chemical conditions of the habitats. However, whether the new range of conditions exper ...
Accepted manuscript
... correlation structure of ρ = 0, 0.5 or 1. This was incorporated into eqn. (1), communities were assembled following the same rules as above, checked for persistence, then initiated at equilibrium and simulated over 200 time-steps for different community sizes and values of rMAX and ρ. The CV(x) fro ...
... correlation structure of ρ = 0, 0.5 or 1. This was incorporated into eqn. (1), communities were assembled following the same rules as above, checked for persistence, then initiated at equilibrium and simulated over 200 time-steps for different community sizes and values of rMAX and ρ. The CV(x) fro ...
The global diversity of protozoa and other small species
... with all microbial groups, we must define our concept of “species”, and for ciliates, the “morpbospecies”concept appearsto be at leastasrobust asany other. Critical examinationof publisheddescriptionsof &l&es provides a “best estimate”of 3744for the globalnumberof free-living morphospecies. Of these ...
... with all microbial groups, we must define our concept of “species”, and for ciliates, the “morpbospecies”concept appearsto be at leastasrobust asany other. Critical examinationof publisheddescriptionsof &l&es provides a “best estimate”of 3744for the globalnumberof free-living morphospecies. Of these ...
Biotic Invasions: Causes, Epidemiology Biotic Invasions: Causes
... far-reaching consequences of this reshuffling is a sharp increase in biotic invaders — species that establish new ranges in which they proliferate, spread, and persist to the detriment of native species and ecosystems. In a world without borders, few if any areas remain sheltered from these immigrat ...
... far-reaching consequences of this reshuffling is a sharp increase in biotic invaders — species that establish new ranges in which they proliferate, spread, and persist to the detriment of native species and ecosystems. In a world without borders, few if any areas remain sheltered from these immigrat ...
The Informational Proceeding to Develop Flow Criteria for the Delta Ecosystem
... Example 3: Flows That Dilute Pollution. Another flow related correlation may result from the dilution of various forms of pollution. That is, higher flows reduce the concentration of various pollutants such as pesticides and nutrients. To the extent that pollutant concentrations, for example, suppre ...
... Example 3: Flows That Dilute Pollution. Another flow related correlation may result from the dilution of various forms of pollution. That is, higher flows reduce the concentration of various pollutants such as pesticides and nutrients. To the extent that pollutant concentrations, for example, suppre ...
NotesChapter7
... Hello. This is Gwen Raitt. I will be presenting this chapter on extinction and conservation. Why is extinction a concern for conservation biology? In Chapter 1, it was noted that conservation biology developed from the growing awareness of the present (sixth) mass extinction (Primack 1998) (see the ...
... Hello. This is Gwen Raitt. I will be presenting this chapter on extinction and conservation. Why is extinction a concern for conservation biology? In Chapter 1, it was noted that conservation biology developed from the growing awareness of the present (sixth) mass extinction (Primack 1998) (see the ...
Dominant Species and Diversity: Linking Relative Abundance to
... and the neighbor facilitation model predict equal effects for removals of the same biomass but differ in whether the underlying interaction is competitive or facilitative (fig. 2A, 2B). The resource complementarity model posits that, on average, the relative abundance of each species reflects the av ...
... and the neighbor facilitation model predict equal effects for removals of the same biomass but differ in whether the underlying interaction is competitive or facilitative (fig. 2A, 2B). The resource complementarity model posits that, on average, the relative abundance of each species reflects the av ...
Distribution and status of native carnivorous land snails in the
... subspecies status (Powell 1946). Trampling and grazing of cover plants (e.g., Uncinia sp.) by cattle appear to have reduced the abundance of Wainuia edwardi at Ashley Gorge between 1972 and 1989 (pers. obs.). The population near Mt Cass, 49 km northeast of the nearest mid-Canterbury population, may ...
... subspecies status (Powell 1946). Trampling and grazing of cover plants (e.g., Uncinia sp.) by cattle appear to have reduced the abundance of Wainuia edwardi at Ashley Gorge between 1972 and 1989 (pers. obs.). The population near Mt Cass, 49 km northeast of the nearest mid-Canterbury population, may ...
Mutualistic Mimicry and Filtering by Altitude Shape the Structure of
... montane regions are important drivers of diversification (Thomas et al. 2008; Elias et al. 2009b; Rosser et al. 2012). The limited areas of many montane habitats mean that montane species tend to have much smaller geographic ranges than lowland continental species, and it is therefore unsurprising t ...
... montane regions are important drivers of diversification (Thomas et al. 2008; Elias et al. 2009b; Rosser et al. 2012). The limited areas of many montane habitats mean that montane species tend to have much smaller geographic ranges than lowland continental species, and it is therefore unsurprising t ...
N - McMaster Department of Biology
... unusual lives - the female mates with her brother before she is born. She never feeds, but must make a single flight across Africa carrying pollen, to ensure the survival of the fig tree and perpetuate her species. The tree provides home and sustenance for the wasps. Yet, throughout their short live ...
... unusual lives - the female mates with her brother before she is born. She never feeds, but must make a single flight across Africa carrying pollen, to ensure the survival of the fig tree and perpetuate her species. The tree provides home and sustenance for the wasps. Yet, throughout their short live ...
On the Links Between Managerial Actions, Keystone Species
... The first step in this modeling procedure involves the specification of an appropriate set of states. To this end, let x denote the number of keystone species that are healthy (not endangered) and ...
... The first step in this modeling procedure involves the specification of an appropriate set of states. To this end, let x denote the number of keystone species that are healthy (not endangered) and ...