Ecological communities in variable environments : dynamics
... In multi-species communities, each species has its specific response to environmental stochasticity. Species-specific environmental responses can be either independent (IR), uniformly correlated (CR), or hierarchically correlated (HR) between species. IR refers to a situation where each species resp ...
... In multi-species communities, each species has its specific response to environmental stochasticity. Species-specific environmental responses can be either independent (IR), uniformly correlated (CR), or hierarchically correlated (HR) between species. IR refers to a situation where each species resp ...
abiotic constraints eclipse biotic resistance in
... Inundation reduced growth, reproduction, and survival of the five exotic species more than did plant neighborhood. Inundation reduced survival of three species and growth and reproduction of all five species. Neighboring plants reduced growth and reproduction of three species but generally did not aff ...
... Inundation reduced growth, reproduction, and survival of the five exotic species more than did plant neighborhood. Inundation reduced survival of three species and growth and reproduction of all five species. Neighboring plants reduced growth and reproduction of three species but generally did not aff ...
Tradeoffs in seedling growth and survival within and across tropical
... relative to the true differences shown by wild plants that are typically dispersed across a more continuous range of environmental conditions. Studies of wild seedlings may better represent the natural dynamics of forest regeneration, but results in unbalanced sample sizes and may not present clear ...
... relative to the true differences shown by wild plants that are typically dispersed across a more continuous range of environmental conditions. Studies of wild seedlings may better represent the natural dynamics of forest regeneration, but results in unbalanced sample sizes and may not present clear ...
Chapter 4
... differ in alpha niche, they will not coexist by this mechanism and some of the 11 other mechanisms ...
... differ in alpha niche, they will not coexist by this mechanism and some of the 11 other mechanisms ...
Biodiversity: an introduction - European Commission
... 2. Competition: When a new exploitable resource becomes available, individuals within a given population may benefit from choosing to specialise on only one resource (i.e. either the new or the original resource). Speciation can arise when the offspring of parents that specialise on the same resourc ...
... 2. Competition: When a new exploitable resource becomes available, individuals within a given population may benefit from choosing to specialise on only one resource (i.e. either the new or the original resource). Speciation can arise when the offspring of parents that specialise on the same resourc ...
Fish assemblages on sunken vessels and natural reefs in southeast
... 2002 to February 2003). During the same intervals, fish assemblages at neighboring natural reefs were also censused. A total of 114,252 fishes of 177 species was counted on natural and vessel-reefs combined. Mean fish abundance and biomass were significantly greater on vessel-reefs in comparison to ...
... 2002 to February 2003). During the same intervals, fish assemblages at neighboring natural reefs were also censused. A total of 114,252 fishes of 177 species was counted on natural and vessel-reefs combined. Mean fish abundance and biomass were significantly greater on vessel-reefs in comparison to ...
Opposite relationships between invasibility and native species
... theses, the average percent cover of R. cathartica in the 20 1 m2 plots in each site was the response. Three of the 20 sites were excluded because they had very low estimated propagule pressure and no R. cathartica in any of the 1 m2 plots, which left 17 sites for the analysis. The full model inclu ...
... theses, the average percent cover of R. cathartica in the 20 1 m2 plots in each site was the response. Three of the 20 sites were excluded because they had very low estimated propagule pressure and no R. cathartica in any of the 1 m2 plots, which left 17 sites for the analysis. The full model inclu ...
Factors Influencing Biodiversity and Distributional Gradients in
... but an ecological one. The plants are derived from different ancestral sources. There are twenty-eight genera in total (Table 1), seventeen are exclusively mangrove. There are thirteen polyspecific mangrove genera comprising up to eight species in some, not counting putative hybrids. This relatively ...
... but an ecological one. The plants are derived from different ancestral sources. There are twenty-eight genera in total (Table 1), seventeen are exclusively mangrove. There are thirteen polyspecific mangrove genera comprising up to eight species in some, not counting putative hybrids. This relatively ...
Apparent predation risk: tests of habitat selection theory reveal
... where QHR is the individual’s quitting-harvest rate, C is the metabolic cost of foraging, µ is the instantaneous predation rate, F is the fitness obtained from foraging in the patch, is the marginal fitness associated with time engaged in alternative activities, p is the probability of surviving t ...
... where QHR is the individual’s quitting-harvest rate, C is the metabolic cost of foraging, µ is the instantaneous predation rate, F is the fitness obtained from foraging in the patch, is the marginal fitness associated with time engaged in alternative activities, p is the probability of surviving t ...
Invertebrate fauna and their ecological context on Whangaokena
... Provenance of species collected, whether indigenous, adventive or undetermined, is listed in Appendix 1. Establishing provenance was most difficult for the spiders (Table 1), as the author is less familiar with this group. However, 13% were known to be adventive, 17% were indigenous and 71% were of ...
... Provenance of species collected, whether indigenous, adventive or undetermined, is listed in Appendix 1. Establishing provenance was most difficult for the spiders (Table 1), as the author is less familiar with this group. However, 13% were known to be adventive, 17% were indigenous and 71% were of ...
Carrying Capacity of Ecosystems
... So, what does this mean?? It means that invasive species generally end up affecting the carrying capacity of the ecosystem for the native species that are affected by the invasive species. A few examples of invasive species that have affected the carrying capacity of ecosystems include: the brown t ...
... So, what does this mean?? It means that invasive species generally end up affecting the carrying capacity of the ecosystem for the native species that are affected by the invasive species. A few examples of invasive species that have affected the carrying capacity of ecosystems include: the brown t ...
AqUAtic INvAdERS
... In Oregon, feral pig populations are currently limited to small, isolated populations in the southern and central parts of the state. However, they have the potential to become widespread in western Oregon due to ideal habitat conditions (adequate water, forage, and cover). Male feral pig ...
... In Oregon, feral pig populations are currently limited to small, isolated populations in the southern and central parts of the state. However, they have the potential to become widespread in western Oregon due to ideal habitat conditions (adequate water, forage, and cover). Male feral pig ...
Seicercus and Phylloscopus the Old World leaf warblers ( The roles
... Many continental sister species are allopatric or parapatric, ecologically similar and long separated, of the order of millions of years. Sympatric, ecologically differentiated, species, are often even older. This raises the question of whether build-up of sympatric diversity generally follows a slo ...
... Many continental sister species are allopatric or parapatric, ecologically similar and long separated, of the order of millions of years. Sympatric, ecologically differentiated, species, are often even older. This raises the question of whether build-up of sympatric diversity generally follows a slo ...
Forest herb colonization of postagricultural forests in central New
... from the edge between the two forest types. Each of the three transects was 49 m long, with 20 plots (each 1.5 m × 2 m) separated by 1 m intervals. We tested whether herb abundance and diversity differed between the two forest types. Total abundance was calculated for each forest type at a given sit ...
... from the edge between the two forest types. Each of the three transects was 49 m long, with 20 plots (each 1.5 m × 2 m) separated by 1 m intervals. We tested whether herb abundance and diversity differed between the two forest types. Total abundance was calculated for each forest type at a given sit ...
Wildlife Research - CSIRO Publishing
... Abstract. Vegetation undergoes a natural succession after wildfire. Following an initial flush of vegetation, when light and other resources become limiting, the stand structure rapidly reaches a maximum. As a result, vegetation structure does not form an even distribution over the landscape, but ra ...
... Abstract. Vegetation undergoes a natural succession after wildfire. Following an initial flush of vegetation, when light and other resources become limiting, the stand structure rapidly reaches a maximum. As a result, vegetation structure does not form an even distribution over the landscape, but ra ...
Ecological Impacts of Non-native Freshwater Fishes (Cucherousset
... fishes across multiple levels of biological organization (ranging from the genome to the ecosystem) and conclude with a prospectus of needed areas of scientific inquiry to advance this understanding. Our investigation focuses on the negative impacts of fish introductions, although we readily acknowl ...
... fishes across multiple levels of biological organization (ranging from the genome to the ecosystem) and conclude with a prospectus of needed areas of scientific inquiry to advance this understanding. Our investigation focuses on the negative impacts of fish introductions, although we readily acknowl ...
Wanger TC, Wielgoss AC, Motzke I, Clough Y, Brook BW, Sodhi NS
... Interactions between native diversity and invasive species can be more complex than is currently understood. Invasive ant species often substantially reduce diversity in the native ants diversity that act as natural control agents for pest insects. In Indonesia (on the island of Sulawesi), the third ...
... Interactions between native diversity and invasive species can be more complex than is currently understood. Invasive ant species often substantially reduce diversity in the native ants diversity that act as natural control agents for pest insects. In Indonesia (on the island of Sulawesi), the third ...
Modeling the Boundaries of Plant Ecotones of Mountain Ecosystems
... transitions is boiling of liquids, when, upon reaching the boiling point (100 ◦ C for water), the density of the substance changes discontinuously, and liquid turns into gas. During second-order phase transitions, the properties of the object change gradually. A characteristic example of the second- ...
... transitions is boiling of liquids, when, upon reaching the boiling point (100 ◦ C for water), the density of the substance changes discontinuously, and liquid turns into gas. During second-order phase transitions, the properties of the object change gradually. A characteristic example of the second- ...
Minireview: The importance of benthic
... inshore areas are often deposited. Benthic resting stages may accumulate in these locations as well. If material from these canyons can be reintroduced onto continental shelves via upwelling, then canyons may provide an additional refuge and source of recruits for coastal planktonic communities. Com ...
... inshore areas are often deposited. Benthic resting stages may accumulate in these locations as well. If material from these canyons can be reintroduced onto continental shelves via upwelling, then canyons may provide an additional refuge and source of recruits for coastal planktonic communities. Com ...
Using constraint lines to characterize plant
... annual species measured over 384 permanent quadrats. Based on the self-thinning law, competition for limiting resources from conspecifics and heterospecifics places an upper boundary on the survivorship of desert annuals. Simple trade-off models are also developed to define constraint lines for anot ...
... annual species measured over 384 permanent quadrats. Based on the self-thinning law, competition for limiting resources from conspecifics and heterospecifics places an upper boundary on the survivorship of desert annuals. Simple trade-off models are also developed to define constraint lines for anot ...
Intraguild predation: a widespread interaction related to
... frequencies) necessarily requires establishing that the pattern is different from what would be expected by chance alone, and to understand the nature of the small-scale processes involved in their generation (Maurer 1999). Null models appeared early on the food web literature, and they could be cru ...
... frequencies) necessarily requires establishing that the pattern is different from what would be expected by chance alone, and to understand the nature of the small-scale processes involved in their generation (Maurer 1999). Null models appeared early on the food web literature, and they could be cru ...
Invasive-Species-of-Sint-Eustatius
... Invasive species are primarily spread by human activities, often unintentionally. People, and the goods we use, travel around the world very quickly, and they often carry uninvited species with them. Invasive species can enter an island by being hidden in airplane cargo as seeds, eggs or even juven ...
... Invasive species are primarily spread by human activities, often unintentionally. People, and the goods we use, travel around the world very quickly, and they often carry uninvited species with them. Invasive species can enter an island by being hidden in airplane cargo as seeds, eggs or even juven ...
Roadside habitats: effects on diversity and composition of plant
... We sampled arthropods (beetles, spiders, scorpions, diplopods) with pitfall traps, 10 cm in diameter and 10 cm in depth, filled with *100 ml of ethylene glycol to prevent predation and decomposition of specimens. In each plot, 12 pitfall traps were buried flush with the ground surface in a 10 9 17 m ...
... We sampled arthropods (beetles, spiders, scorpions, diplopods) with pitfall traps, 10 cm in diameter and 10 cm in depth, filled with *100 ml of ethylene glycol to prevent predation and decomposition of specimens. In each plot, 12 pitfall traps were buried flush with the ground surface in a 10 9 17 m ...
Invasibility of tropical islands by introduced plants
... of isolation and propagule pressure. – Preslia 78: 389–404 All else being equal, more isolated islands should be more susceptible to invasion because their native species are derived from a smaller pool of colonists, and isolated islands may be missing key functional groups. Although some analyses s ...
... of isolation and propagule pressure. – Preslia 78: 389–404 All else being equal, more isolated islands should be more susceptible to invasion because their native species are derived from a smaller pool of colonists, and isolated islands may be missing key functional groups. Although some analyses s ...
Small Mammals in Mbeere, Kenya
... (immediate activities that change habitat conditions) as well as the ecological consequences of these activities to both fauna and flora. It is commonly assumed that opportunistic species particularly pests would increase with increased agricultural activities and deteriorating habitat conditions wh ...
... (immediate activities that change habitat conditions) as well as the ecological consequences of these activities to both fauna and flora. It is commonly assumed that opportunistic species particularly pests would increase with increased agricultural activities and deteriorating habitat conditions wh ...