MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF UKRAINE VINNYTSIA NATIONAL
... compensatory dilatation of the cerebral arteries occurs to maintain cerebral perfusion, which is significantly reduced only when the systolic blood pressure falls below 70mmHg (or below 70% of the baseline value in hypertensive individuals). Hyperventilation and elevated intracranial pressure reduce ...
... compensatory dilatation of the cerebral arteries occurs to maintain cerebral perfusion, which is significantly reduced only when the systolic blood pressure falls below 70mmHg (or below 70% of the baseline value in hypertensive individuals). Hyperventilation and elevated intracranial pressure reduce ...
Sense Organs - mohamadtermos
... Your taste buds have receptors for different kinds of chemicals: sugar, salt, sours, and bitters. This diagram shows how a sugar molecule can enter a taste bud and bind to an ion channel in the membrane of a receptor cell. The receptor cell then sends neurotransmitters to activate the sensory neuron ...
... Your taste buds have receptors for different kinds of chemicals: sugar, salt, sours, and bitters. This diagram shows how a sugar molecule can enter a taste bud and bind to an ion channel in the membrane of a receptor cell. The receptor cell then sends neurotransmitters to activate the sensory neuron ...
Photoreception
... Photoreception: The vertebrate retina is a thin sheet of tissue lining the posterior part of the eye. It is highly organized and consists of several layers of neurons (Fig. 1). The outermost layer comprises photosensitive cells, called photoreceptors. The photoreceptors are signal transducers; they ...
... Photoreception: The vertebrate retina is a thin sheet of tissue lining the posterior part of the eye. It is highly organized and consists of several layers of neurons (Fig. 1). The outermost layer comprises photosensitive cells, called photoreceptors. The photoreceptors are signal transducers; they ...
Attending to Contrast
... more strongly to a given stimulus when the task was more difficult (Spitzer et al., 1988). Based on these experiments, Desimone and colleagues suggested that attention increased the perceptual efficiency of the visual system by increasing the efficiency of individual neurons, perhaps by making them ...
... more strongly to a given stimulus when the task was more difficult (Spitzer et al., 1988). Based on these experiments, Desimone and colleagues suggested that attention increased the perceptual efficiency of the visual system by increasing the efficiency of individual neurons, perhaps by making them ...
HYPOTHALAMUS and EPITHALAMUS
... temperature: thermosensitive neurons in the anterior hypothalamus; involved in fever plasma glucose, FFA: neurons sensitive to metabolic substrates in ventromedial nucleus; involved in feeding/stress; contain AMP-kinase hormones: many hormones affect the hypothalamus as part of feedback loops (eg co ...
... temperature: thermosensitive neurons in the anterior hypothalamus; involved in fever plasma glucose, FFA: neurons sensitive to metabolic substrates in ventromedial nucleus; involved in feeding/stress; contain AMP-kinase hormones: many hormones affect the hypothalamus as part of feedback loops (eg co ...
CONTROL OF RESPIRATION
... Chemoreceptors. Most important stimulating factor is decreased PO2 on peripheral chemoreceptors. • Increased PCO2 in the arterial blood and increased H+ ion in the brain ECF strongly stimulates the central chemoreceptors and dominant control of ventilation. -Decreased PO2 in the arterial blood – dep ...
... Chemoreceptors. Most important stimulating factor is decreased PO2 on peripheral chemoreceptors. • Increased PCO2 in the arterial blood and increased H+ ion in the brain ECF strongly stimulates the central chemoreceptors and dominant control of ventilation. -Decreased PO2 in the arterial blood – dep ...
Familial Hyperlipidemias - Welcome to the Department of
... Requires ApoC-II as cofactor Activated by ApoA-V Inhibited by ApoC-III Activated by insulin in adipocytes Activated by glucagon and adrenaline in muscle and ...
... Requires ApoC-II as cofactor Activated by ApoA-V Inhibited by ApoC-III Activated by insulin in adipocytes Activated by glucagon and adrenaline in muscle and ...
Integrative neurobiology of energy homeostasis
... inactivation or selective expression of the insulin receptor in defined tissues and cell types have lead to a better understanding of the integration between peripheral and central insulin action. However, as exemplified by the studies of conventional NPY and AgRP-knockout mice, interpretation of resu ...
... inactivation or selective expression of the insulin receptor in defined tissues and cell types have lead to a better understanding of the integration between peripheral and central insulin action. However, as exemplified by the studies of conventional NPY and AgRP-knockout mice, interpretation of resu ...
MND Australia International Research Update
... patients. Their work, which was recently published in the prestigious journal Nature, showed that changes to oligodendrocytes were actually occurring before disease onset in the mouse model. This means that these alterations could be a very early marker of the disease. What they found was that oligo ...
... patients. Their work, which was recently published in the prestigious journal Nature, showed that changes to oligodendrocytes were actually occurring before disease onset in the mouse model. This means that these alterations could be a very early marker of the disease. What they found was that oligo ...
What light have resting state fMRI studies shed on cognition and
... for biomarkers of PD non-motor symptoms. Thus far, research in this subfield has focused on two of the most common and significant non-motor symptoms: cognitive impairment and depression. These studies support resting state fMRI as a valid and practical tool for the study of these symptoms, but disc ...
... for biomarkers of PD non-motor symptoms. Thus far, research in this subfield has focused on two of the most common and significant non-motor symptoms: cognitive impairment and depression. These studies support resting state fMRI as a valid and practical tool for the study of these symptoms, but disc ...
Huber et al. (2008), Sparse optical microstimulation in barrel cortex
... detection accuracy (Fig. 3d). However, performance reached asymptotic levels at remarkably low numbers of directly activated neurons; the range between minimal detection and saturating performance was only a few hundred neurons. Activated ChR2–GFP-positive neurons were distributed over most of the b ...
... detection accuracy (Fig. 3d). However, performance reached asymptotic levels at remarkably low numbers of directly activated neurons; the range between minimal detection and saturating performance was only a few hundred neurons. Activated ChR2–GFP-positive neurons were distributed over most of the b ...
A novel neuroprosthetic interface with the peripheral nervous system
... for the real-time control of multi-jointed prosthetic limbs16,17 and the transmission of sensory modalities including touch and pain18 to the CNS. Although with extremely beneficial practical applications for patients in the near future, this approach has clear limits; not only must healthy muscle t ...
... for the real-time control of multi-jointed prosthetic limbs16,17 and the transmission of sensory modalities including touch and pain18 to the CNS. Although with extremely beneficial practical applications for patients in the near future, this approach has clear limits; not only must healthy muscle t ...
Neural Basis of Emotion - Caltech Division of Humanities and Social
... active or passive behavioral response is possible. For example, if an active behavioral response can occur to the omission of a previously rewarded stimulus, then anger might be produced, but if only passive behavior is possible, then sadness, depression, or grief might occur. By combining these six ...
... active or passive behavioral response is possible. For example, if an active behavioral response can occur to the omission of a previously rewarded stimulus, then anger might be produced, but if only passive behavior is possible, then sadness, depression, or grief might occur. By combining these six ...
Chemical Senses
... madeleine (cookie) soaked in her decoction of limeblossom tea" resurrected a whole town from his memories of years before. Proust creates long, vivid passages of memory and emotion blended together from a smell, a taste. The ability of a certain aroma to open a floodgate of memories is now called th ...
... madeleine (cookie) soaked in her decoction of limeblossom tea" resurrected a whole town from his memories of years before. Proust creates long, vivid passages of memory and emotion blended together from a smell, a taste. The ability of a certain aroma to open a floodgate of memories is now called th ...
Functional Anatomy, Physiology and Clinical Aspects of Basal Ganglia
... The cerebral cortex is linked to the striatum via cortico-subcortical pathways, from where information is transmitted to the globus pallidus pars internalis or the substantia nigra pars reticulata (which physiologically and anatomically constitute one structure) or via the ventral globus pallidus re ...
... The cerebral cortex is linked to the striatum via cortico-subcortical pathways, from where information is transmitted to the globus pallidus pars internalis or the substantia nigra pars reticulata (which physiologically and anatomically constitute one structure) or via the ventral globus pallidus re ...
How the Brain Learns
... The reader who understands how the brain learns can take control of their own thinking and learning processes. The reader who understands how the brain learns can become a self-regulated learner in the process of constructing meaning and making that meaning useful (critical thinking). Developing Cog ...
... The reader who understands how the brain learns can take control of their own thinking and learning processes. The reader who understands how the brain learns can become a self-regulated learner in the process of constructing meaning and making that meaning useful (critical thinking). Developing Cog ...
The Nervous System
... • If VM reaches threshold, Na+ channels open and Na+ influx ensues, depolarizing the cell and causing the VM to increase. This is the rising phase of an AP. • Eventually, the Na+ channel will have inactivated and the K+ channels will be open. Now, K+ effluxes and repolarization occurs. This is the f ...
... • If VM reaches threshold, Na+ channels open and Na+ influx ensues, depolarizing the cell and causing the VM to increase. This is the rising phase of an AP. • Eventually, the Na+ channel will have inactivated and the K+ channels will be open. Now, K+ effluxes and repolarization occurs. This is the f ...
NADH by James South
... related their clinical success with NADH in Parkinson’s, as well as provided supporting biochemical experiments and rationale for their success with NADH. Parkinson’s disease, one of the most common neurological diseases of aging, involves the gradual and even more severe destruction of the dopamine ...
... related their clinical success with NADH in Parkinson’s, as well as provided supporting biochemical experiments and rationale for their success with NADH. Parkinson’s disease, one of the most common neurological diseases of aging, involves the gradual and even more severe destruction of the dopamine ...
Efficient gene delivery to the adult and fetal CNS using
... DNA into sensitive areas of the host genome in large animals and humans.1–3 However, recent studies have also identified this risk using lentiviruses.4 Non-integrating lentiviruses (NILVs) have been developed by introducing class 1 mutations into the integrase gene, and may obviate some of these dif ...
... DNA into sensitive areas of the host genome in large animals and humans.1–3 However, recent studies have also identified this risk using lentiviruses.4 Non-integrating lentiviruses (NILVs) have been developed by introducing class 1 mutations into the integrase gene, and may obviate some of these dif ...
On the Significance of Neuronal Giantism in Gastropods
... number; even in the opisthobranch/pulmonate line, the number of neurons (and the number of peripheral axons) increases with body size, in parallel with the striking increase in size of identified neurons (Coggeshall, 1967). But if, as has been argued, giant neurons are an adaptation for increased ar ...
... number; even in the opisthobranch/pulmonate line, the number of neurons (and the number of peripheral axons) increases with body size, in parallel with the striking increase in size of identified neurons (Coggeshall, 1967). But if, as has been argued, giant neurons are an adaptation for increased ar ...
Enzymes of Clinical Significance
... a. Serum is preferred, especially if fractionation/electrophoresis also ordered b. Heparinized plasma may be acceptable; many anticoagulants (fluoride, EDTA, sodium citrate) inhibit enzyme activity c. No hemolysis: LD-1 activity in the RBC is 150x greater than that in plasma d. Avoid lipemia, especi ...
... a. Serum is preferred, especially if fractionation/electrophoresis also ordered b. Heparinized plasma may be acceptable; many anticoagulants (fluoride, EDTA, sodium citrate) inhibit enzyme activity c. No hemolysis: LD-1 activity in the RBC is 150x greater than that in plasma d. Avoid lipemia, especi ...
Atonia-Related Regions in the Rodent Pons and Medulla
... (Ketalar, 100 mg/kg im) for cannulation of the trachea. Both common carotid arteries were ligated to reduce bleeding. The animals’ heads were then fixed in a stereotaxic frame. After frontal and parietal craniotomy and immediately after removing the forebrain, anesthesia was discontinued. The brain ...
... (Ketalar, 100 mg/kg im) for cannulation of the trachea. Both common carotid arteries were ligated to reduce bleeding. The animals’ heads were then fixed in a stereotaxic frame. After frontal and parietal craniotomy and immediately after removing the forebrain, anesthesia was discontinued. The brain ...
POWERPOINT VERSION ()
... • regions of cortex that are not primary motor or primary sensory areas • widespread throughout the cerebral cortex • analyze and interpret sensory experiences • provide memory, reasoning, verbalization, judgment, emotions ...
... • regions of cortex that are not primary motor or primary sensory areas • widespread throughout the cerebral cortex • analyze and interpret sensory experiences • provide memory, reasoning, verbalization, judgment, emotions ...
SW_TransMed - W3C mailing list
... • Molecular Cell Biology/Genomic and Proteomic Research – Gene Sequencing, Genotyping, Protein Structures – Cell Signaling and other Pathways ...
... • Molecular Cell Biology/Genomic and Proteomic Research – Gene Sequencing, Genotyping, Protein Structures – Cell Signaling and other Pathways ...
Clinical neurochemistry
Clinical neurochemistry is the field of neurological biochemistry which relates biochemical phenomena to clinical symptomatic manifestations in humans. While neurochemistry is mostly associated with the effects of neurotransmitters and similarly-functioning chemicals on neurons themselves, clinical neurochemistry relates these phenomena to system-wide symptoms. Clinical neurochemistry is related to neurogenesis, neuromodulation, neuroplasticity, neuroendocrinology, and neuroimmunology in the context of associating neurological findings at both lower and higher level organismal functions.