Stoichiometry of nutrient recycling by vertebrates in a tropical stream
... quantified soluble reactive P (Wen & Peters 1994; Schaus et al. 1997) because TDP analyses were more reliable, due to relatively low SRP concentrations in many samples. In total, we measured excretion rates on 332 replicates (bags) over the three time periods. Excretion rate measurements were made r ...
... quantified soluble reactive P (Wen & Peters 1994; Schaus et al. 1997) because TDP analyses were more reliable, due to relatively low SRP concentrations in many samples. In total, we measured excretion rates on 332 replicates (bags) over the three time periods. Excretion rate measurements were made r ...
Current Normative Concepts in Conservation
... nearly twice as diverse as in its historic condition. The cultural introduction of 16 species has made Clear Lake a more diverse aquatic community than it formerly was, but it is now similar to many other aquatic communities and 5 of its native fishes were extirpated, of which 2 are now globally ext ...
... nearly twice as diverse as in its historic condition. The cultural introduction of 16 species has made Clear Lake a more diverse aquatic community than it formerly was, but it is now similar to many other aquatic communities and 5 of its native fishes were extirpated, of which 2 are now globally ext ...
Integrating bacteria into food webs: Studies with Sarracenia
... of Wyeomyia and the protozoa also had indirect effects on bacterial species profiles. We found an apparent trophic cascade that was mediated by the species composition and relative abundances of the intermediate-level protozoan grazers. Our data support the hypothesis that Wyeomyia smithii serves as ...
... of Wyeomyia and the protozoa also had indirect effects on bacterial species profiles. We found an apparent trophic cascade that was mediated by the species composition and relative abundances of the intermediate-level protozoan grazers. Our data support the hypothesis that Wyeomyia smithii serves as ...
"Ecosystem Engineers". - Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies
... forces causing structural change; reflects the requirement for abiotic change to arise via structural change (i.e. physical state changes, Jones et al., 1994, 1997) and distinguishes the engineering process from abiotic changes caused by the universal processes of organismal uptake and release of mat ...
... forces causing structural change; reflects the requirement for abiotic change to arise via structural change (i.e. physical state changes, Jones et al., 1994, 1997) and distinguishes the engineering process from abiotic changes caused by the universal processes of organismal uptake and release of mat ...
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... Whatever the validity or applicability of keystone predation in any particular situation, there has been a renewed interest in and understanding of indirect interactions and their importance in the ecology of complex assemblages (reviewed by Menge, 1997). This was, of course, an older tradition dati ...
... Whatever the validity or applicability of keystone predation in any particular situation, there has been a renewed interest in and understanding of indirect interactions and their importance in the ecology of complex assemblages (reviewed by Menge, 1997). This was, of course, an older tradition dati ...
global strategy for addressing the problem of invasive alien species
... world. Indeed, the lives of people everywhere have been greatly enriched by being able to gain access to a greater share of the world's biological diversity. Expanding global trade is providing additional opportunities for further such enrichment, as well as imposing new species on ecosystems. 2. A ...
... world. Indeed, the lives of people everywhere have been greatly enriched by being able to gain access to a greater share of the world's biological diversity. Expanding global trade is providing additional opportunities for further such enrichment, as well as imposing new species on ecosystems. 2. A ...
Once a Batesian mimic, not always a Batesian mimic: mimic reverts
... Batesian mimics gain protection from predation through the evolution of physical similarities to a model species that possesses anti-predator defences. This protection should not be effective in the absence of the model since the predator does not identify the mimic as potentially dangerous and both ...
... Batesian mimics gain protection from predation through the evolution of physical similarities to a model species that possesses anti-predator defences. This protection should not be effective in the absence of the model since the predator does not identify the mimic as potentially dangerous and both ...
Sonic Hearing in a Diurnal Geometrid Moth, Archiearis
... Audiograms were determined as described earlier [5, 11]. Briefly, we recorded the tympanic nerve response to sound pulses by a tungsten hook electrode placed under the tympanic nerve, where it enters the abdominal connective just caudal to the metathoracic ganglion. We generated 10ms stimulus pulses ...
... Audiograms were determined as described earlier [5, 11]. Briefly, we recorded the tympanic nerve response to sound pulses by a tungsten hook electrode placed under the tympanic nerve, where it enters the abdominal connective just caudal to the metathoracic ganglion. We generated 10ms stimulus pulses ...
02 YGP DAR Existing Environment and Baseline Conditions
... throughout much of the YGP area. In the spring, bears gravitate toward areas with earlyemerging vegetation, such as roadsides and wetlands dominated by sedges, cottongrass, grasses, and horsetails, and may be found in sites such as meadows with over-wintered berries. In summer, bears typically consu ...
... throughout much of the YGP area. In the spring, bears gravitate toward areas with earlyemerging vegetation, such as roadsides and wetlands dominated by sedges, cottongrass, grasses, and horsetails, and may be found in sites such as meadows with over-wintered berries. In summer, bears typically consu ...
Predicting native plant succession through woody weeds in Mew
... not need to be actively controlled is increasingly valuable. The growing literature on invasion ecology means that we now have some information about the range of effects invaders can have in the short to medium term (years to several decades), but what will happen in the very long term (50 years pl ...
... not need to be actively controlled is increasingly valuable. The growing literature on invasion ecology means that we now have some information about the range of effects invaders can have in the short to medium term (years to several decades), but what will happen in the very long term (50 years pl ...
Highly similar microbial communities are shared among related and
... with other insects with nitrogen-poor diets, it is hypothesized that these ants rely on symbiotic bacteria for nutritional supplementation. In this study, we used cloning and 16S sequencing to further characterize the bacterial flora of several herbivorous ants, while also examining the beta diversi ...
... with other insects with nitrogen-poor diets, it is hypothesized that these ants rely on symbiotic bacteria for nutritional supplementation. In this study, we used cloning and 16S sequencing to further characterize the bacterial flora of several herbivorous ants, while also examining the beta diversi ...
(2001) Global Strategy on Invasive Alien Species.
... benefits to many people. It has, however, also facilitated the spread of IAS with increasing negative impacts. The problem is global in scope and requires international cooperation to supplement the actions of governments, economic sectors and individuals at national and local levels. IAS are found ...
... benefits to many people. It has, however, also facilitated the spread of IAS with increasing negative impacts. The problem is global in scope and requires international cooperation to supplement the actions of governments, economic sectors and individuals at national and local levels. IAS are found ...
Pelagic Biogeography - Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research
... Smallest and shallowest (mean depth = 1,205 m) of the world's five main ocean basins. Area = 14,090,000 km2. The shallowness is related to the extreme width of the surrounding continental shelves, up to 1,700 km wide. Covered by floating pack ice, up to 3 to 4 m thick, over much of its surface. area ...
... Smallest and shallowest (mean depth = 1,205 m) of the world's five main ocean basins. Area = 14,090,000 km2. The shallowness is related to the extreme width of the surrounding continental shelves, up to 1,700 km wide. Covered by floating pack ice, up to 3 to 4 m thick, over much of its surface. area ...
chapter 53
... • Charles Elton first pointed out that the length of a food chain is usually four or five links, called trophic levels. • He also recognized that food chains are not isolated units but are hooked together into food webs. Fig. 53.10 Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cu ...
... • Charles Elton first pointed out that the length of a food chain is usually four or five links, called trophic levels. • He also recognized that food chains are not isolated units but are hooked together into food webs. Fig. 53.10 Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cu ...
Hierarchical organization of a Sardinian sand dune plant
... foundation species from the fore-, middle- and back-dune habitats over three years led to erosion and habitat loss on the fore-dune and limited plant recovery that increased with dune elevation. Reciprocal species removals in all zones suggested that inter-specific competition is common, but that do ...
... foundation species from the fore-, middle- and back-dune habitats over three years led to erosion and habitat loss on the fore-dune and limited plant recovery that increased with dune elevation. Reciprocal species removals in all zones suggested that inter-specific competition is common, but that do ...
Bog Bird.s-foot Trefoil (Lotus pinnatus)
... separate genus Hosackia. As a result, specimens of North American species have been classified under both genera and may be found under either of these names in many herbaria (Zandstra and Grant 1968). Lotus pinnatus was first described by Hooker in 1829. Later that same year, with a wealth of new m ...
... separate genus Hosackia. As a result, specimens of North American species have been classified under both genera and may be found under either of these names in many herbaria (Zandstra and Grant 1968). Lotus pinnatus was first described by Hooker in 1829. Later that same year, with a wealth of new m ...
Part 2 - Management Plan Rev S - clean version
... Queensland to the vicinity of Carnarvon Range National Park (Woinarski et al 2008). There are occasionally records as far south in Queensland as Maleny on the sunshine coast hinterland (DERM 2009). ...
... Queensland to the vicinity of Carnarvon Range National Park (Woinarski et al 2008). There are occasionally records as far south in Queensland as Maleny on the sunshine coast hinterland (DERM 2009). ...
from wsl.ch
... and its co-occurring competitors in heterogeneous environments. The IBM is a cellular automaton in which each sub-cell is characterized by unique environmental conditions (temperature and soil moisture) and can support one sessile individual. In the following, we provide a simple overview over the m ...
... and its co-occurring competitors in heterogeneous environments. The IBM is a cellular automaton in which each sub-cell is characterized by unique environmental conditions (temperature and soil moisture) and can support one sessile individual. In the following, we provide a simple overview over the m ...
Introduction to Natural Heritage
... The following notes are intended to augment and add detail to the slides. • The slides themselves are simply visual prompts – they are not intended to stand alone. They need a commentary and explanation by an expert presenter. • There are suggested notes for each slide in simple bullet point format. ...
... The following notes are intended to augment and add detail to the slides. • The slides themselves are simply visual prompts – they are not intended to stand alone. They need a commentary and explanation by an expert presenter. • There are suggested notes for each slide in simple bullet point format. ...
Sponge Systematics by Starfish: Predators
... and (4) population-size-dependent vulnerability to extinction depend on knowing how many species are present, which individuals fall into which species, and how large the populations of each species are. Predictions about shifts in distribution patterns or losses of biodiversity that result from cha ...
... and (4) population-size-dependent vulnerability to extinction depend on knowing how many species are present, which individuals fall into which species, and how large the populations of each species are. Predictions about shifts in distribution patterns or losses of biodiversity that result from cha ...
Feeding Relationships and Symbiosis
... • 6th – Life #8 Describe how organisms may interact with one anther • 7th - Life #2 - Investigate how organisms or populations may interact with one another through symbiotic relationships and how some species have become so adapted to each other that neither could survive without the other (e.g. Pr ...
... • 6th – Life #8 Describe how organisms may interact with one anther • 7th - Life #2 - Investigate how organisms or populations may interact with one another through symbiotic relationships and how some species have become so adapted to each other that neither could survive without the other (e.g. Pr ...
Soil macrofauna (invertebrates) of
... for Virgin Pontian and Kazakh steppes, were found. In this steppe area some desert species were also observed, such as Poecilus nitens, P. crenuliger, Amara ambulans, and Cymindis picta. Up to 90% of scarab beetles are represented by various specimens of the genus Aphodius (13 species) and Onthophag ...
... for Virgin Pontian and Kazakh steppes, were found. In this steppe area some desert species were also observed, such as Poecilus nitens, P. crenuliger, Amara ambulans, and Cymindis picta. Up to 90% of scarab beetles are represented by various specimens of the genus Aphodius (13 species) and Onthophag ...
Apparent predation risk: tests of habitat selection theory reveal
... such as reduced prey activity in the presence of predators (Peacor and Werner, 1997), may themselves ‘cascade’ across trophic levels [examples include reduced consumption of lower trophic levels as well as differential responses of alternative prey species that modify their interactions with one ano ...
... such as reduced prey activity in the presence of predators (Peacor and Werner, 1997), may themselves ‘cascade’ across trophic levels [examples include reduced consumption of lower trophic levels as well as differential responses of alternative prey species that modify their interactions with one ano ...
Plant Succession Following Nuèes Ardentes of Mt. Merapi Volcano
... Volcanic activity is a major natural disturbance that can catastrophically change an ecosystem over a short time (Scheffer et al. 2001). Indonesia has 130 active volcanoes (Weill 2004), and the island of Java is the most volcanically active island in the world, with about 20 of its volcanoes having ...
... Volcanic activity is a major natural disturbance that can catastrophically change an ecosystem over a short time (Scheffer et al. 2001). Indonesia has 130 active volcanoes (Weill 2004), and the island of Java is the most volcanically active island in the world, with about 20 of its volcanoes having ...
Bifrenaria
Bifrenaria, abbreviated Bif. in horticultural trade, is a genus of plant in family Orchidaceae. It contains 20 species found in Panama, Trinidad and South America. There are no known uses for them, but their abundant, and at first glance artificial, flowers, make them favorites of orchid growers.The genus can be split in two clearly distinct groups: one of highly robust plants with large flowers, that encompass the first species to be classified under the genus Bifrenaria; other of more delicate plants with smaller flowers occasionally classified as Stenocoryne or Adipe. There are two additional species that are normally classified as Bifrenaria, but which molecular analysis indicate to belong to different orchid groups entirely. One is Bifrenaria grandis which is endemic to Bolívia and which is now placed in Lacaena, and Bifrenaria steyermarkii, an inhabitant of the northern Amazon Forest, which does not have an alternative classification.