experimental ecology of food webs: complex systems in temporary
... if predator A eats both B and C, but predator D eats only C, then A may have a beneficial effect on D because if A prefers to eat B, more C may be available for consumption by D. Loop analysis (Levins 1975) can be used to represent nontrophic connections among species, but it still hides much of the ...
... if predator A eats both B and C, but predator D eats only C, then A may have a beneficial effect on D because if A prefers to eat B, more C may be available for consumption by D. Loop analysis (Levins 1975) can be used to represent nontrophic connections among species, but it still hides much of the ...
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... and research and interpretive values. Eleven species were targeted for control in Special Ecological Areas, were usually monitored by counting individuals encountered, and were controlled on an annual basis. All target species have declined sharply since initiation of treatment. For example, density ...
... and research and interpretive values. Eleven species were targeted for control in Special Ecological Areas, were usually monitored by counting individuals encountered, and were controlled on an annual basis. All target species have declined sharply since initiation of treatment. For example, density ...
Page numbers can be shown as a footer They are usually of
... replicate standardised dung pads, leading Sowig and Wassmer (1994) to comment that, "A common method in experimental dung beetle ecology is to exclude the influence of patch size..." However, under natural conditions, pad quality, size and morphology can be observed to vary considerably. Dung pad si ...
... replicate standardised dung pads, leading Sowig and Wassmer (1994) to comment that, "A common method in experimental dung beetle ecology is to exclude the influence of patch size..." However, under natural conditions, pad quality, size and morphology can be observed to vary considerably. Dung pad si ...
Food Webs and Graphs - SciTech Connect
... Primary producers, also called basal species, are always at the bottom of the food web. Above the primary producers are various types of organisms that exclusively eat plants. These are considered to be herbivores, or grazers. Animals that eat herbivores, or each other, are carnivores, or predators. ...
... Primary producers, also called basal species, are always at the bottom of the food web. Above the primary producers are various types of organisms that exclusively eat plants. These are considered to be herbivores, or grazers. Animals that eat herbivores, or each other, are carnivores, or predators. ...
Prey specialization and diet of frogs in Borneo
... study limited the amount of hours in the field. Raw data is presented in Tables in appendix. Study species The species investigated belonged to six families: Bufonidae, Dicroglossidae, Megophryidae, Microhylidae, and Ranidae. All frogs I found were flushed except the tree frogs (Rhacophoridae). Sinc ...
... study limited the amount of hours in the field. Raw data is presented in Tables in appendix. Study species The species investigated belonged to six families: Bufonidae, Dicroglossidae, Megophryidae, Microhylidae, and Ranidae. All frogs I found were flushed except the tree frogs (Rhacophoridae). Sinc ...
file
... Under the now-discredited theory of blending inheritance, the hereditary material was conceived as a fluid that combines the traits from two individuals into phenotypically intermediate offspring. Given observed patterns of resemblance between parents and offspring, blending inheritance may seem int ...
... Under the now-discredited theory of blending inheritance, the hereditary material was conceived as a fluid that combines the traits from two individuals into phenotypically intermediate offspring. Given observed patterns of resemblance between parents and offspring, blending inheritance may seem int ...
PART 1 - Environment, Planning and Sustainable Development
... develop the best alternative management should a management regime cause a degrading change. The second method of evaluating the management of land is to critically examine knowledge from scientific studies of changes to vegetation when subject to different management regimes. This form of evaluatio ...
... develop the best alternative management should a management regime cause a degrading change. The second method of evaluating the management of land is to critically examine knowledge from scientific studies of changes to vegetation when subject to different management regimes. This form of evaluatio ...
size: 3023KB - iucncsg.org
... Enrico Chiesa, Italhide, Italy. Yee Tai Leather Enterprise Ltd., Hong Kong. ...
... Enrico Chiesa, Italhide, Italy. Yee Tai Leather Enterprise Ltd., Hong Kong. ...
MPA News report on the Kiribati Project
... minivan, but we could find none of the species alive in that area. We finally found four Pocillopora colonies alive in shallow areas near one of two main passes, three very healthy and one half dead and still partially bleached, all surrounded by dead corals of the same and other species. Had these ...
... minivan, but we could find none of the species alive in that area. We finally found four Pocillopora colonies alive in shallow areas near one of two main passes, three very healthy and one half dead and still partially bleached, all surrounded by dead corals of the same and other species. Had these ...
- Australasian Arachnological Society
... In the last 20 years nearly 140 new species and 14 genera were described (see Richardson and Zabka 2003; bibliography below), most of them by myself (9 genera and 109 species) and by F.R. Wanless (4 genera and 25 species). Thus, the current list of Australian jumping spiders comprises 355 species in ...
... In the last 20 years nearly 140 new species and 14 genera were described (see Richardson and Zabka 2003; bibliography below), most of them by myself (9 genera and 109 species) and by F.R. Wanless (4 genera and 25 species). Thus, the current list of Australian jumping spiders comprises 355 species in ...
Modelling the ecology and evolution of communities
... areas in which they succeed and fail, are discussed below. It was recognized early on that food webs differ from random networks (Cohen and Newman, 1985; Proulx et al., 2005; Montoya et al., 2006). Static community models are motivated by structure rather than dynamics, and arose in an effort to fin ...
... areas in which they succeed and fail, are discussed below. It was recognized early on that food webs differ from random networks (Cohen and Newman, 1985; Proulx et al., 2005; Montoya et al., 2006). Static community models are motivated by structure rather than dynamics, and arose in an effort to fin ...
H. cydno - Proceedings of the Royal Society B
... However, as discussed below, there is reason to question each of these claims. HHS is theoretically unlikely even under ideal circumstances [29,30], so if it has occurred multiple times just within this charismatic genus of butterflies, then speciation theory would seem to be headed for a paradigm s ...
... However, as discussed below, there is reason to question each of these claims. HHS is theoretically unlikely even under ideal circumstances [29,30], so if it has occurred multiple times just within this charismatic genus of butterflies, then speciation theory would seem to be headed for a paradigm s ...
Accumulation of heavy metals in food plants and
... water and sediment in the order Cd < Pb < Cu < Zn (Jop, 1991). Plants have a key function in the biotransformation of chemical elements from soil, water and air (Ernst, 1990), but green plants are unable to take up much mercury from contaminated soil (Lodenius, 1990). Rauter (1976) found only 4.6 g ...
... water and sediment in the order Cd < Pb < Cu < Zn (Jop, 1991). Plants have a key function in the biotransformation of chemical elements from soil, water and air (Ernst, 1990), but green plants are unable to take up much mercury from contaminated soil (Lodenius, 1990). Rauter (1976) found only 4.6 g ...
Is the role of trophic control larger in a stressed ecosystem?
... Given that American data were reevaluated and interpreted in a Hungarian armchair, the author strongly hopes that the identification of trophic components wisely corresponds to functional groups and that flow data were correctly collected. However, many systematic problems of data quality and simpli ...
... Given that American data were reevaluated and interpreted in a Hungarian armchair, the author strongly hopes that the identification of trophic components wisely corresponds to functional groups and that flow data were correctly collected. However, many systematic problems of data quality and simpli ...
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Instituto de Biologia Programa
... mechanisms may allow similar species to persist together. In this study, we investigated the coexistence between two related theridiid spider species: Helvivis longicauda and Chrysso intervales. Along riparian habitats of a tropical forest, H. longicauda occurs close to river margins, while C. inter ...
... mechanisms may allow similar species to persist together. In this study, we investigated the coexistence between two related theridiid spider species: Helvivis longicauda and Chrysso intervales. Along riparian habitats of a tropical forest, H. longicauda occurs close to river margins, while C. inter ...
Spatial complementarity in tree crowns explains overyielding in
... iomass overyielding in diverse plant communities is well documented1,2, but few studies provide experimental evidence of the biological mechanisms that underlie these diversity– productivity relationships3–7. In forest ecosystems, characteristics of the crowns of individual trees and how they fit to ...
... iomass overyielding in diverse plant communities is well documented1,2, but few studies provide experimental evidence of the biological mechanisms that underlie these diversity– productivity relationships3–7. In forest ecosystems, characteristics of the crowns of individual trees and how they fit to ...
Disturbance - Paul Keddy
... Peatlands are particularly useful for the study of fire because, under certain circumstances, charcoal layers and macrofossils record both the fire history and the vegetation responses to the fire. Sphagnum-dominated peatlands are probably the most abundant peatland type in western boreal North Amer ...
... Peatlands are particularly useful for the study of fire because, under certain circumstances, charcoal layers and macrofossils record both the fire history and the vegetation responses to the fire. Sphagnum-dominated peatlands are probably the most abundant peatland type in western boreal North Amer ...
USING ECOLOGICAL THEORY TO GUIDE THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUGMENTATIVE RESTORATION by
... 3 sites, 8 factorial treatment combinations from 3 factors (shallow tilling, watering, and seeding) were applied to whole plots, and 2,4-D was applied to sub plots. Cover and density of seeded species, Centaurea maculosa, and Potentilla recta as well as existing native and exotic forbs and grasses w ...
... 3 sites, 8 factorial treatment combinations from 3 factors (shallow tilling, watering, and seeding) were applied to whole plots, and 2,4-D was applied to sub plots. Cover and density of seeded species, Centaurea maculosa, and Potentilla recta as well as existing native and exotic forbs and grasses w ...
cws-RecoveryInfo2
... cases, the SMART acronym (see section 4.4) applies to the P&D objectives. In some cases, the population and distribution objectives are incorporated into the goal. they can be quantitative… “The long-term recovery goal for Henslow’s Sparrow is to increase the Canadian population to a stable annual m ...
... cases, the SMART acronym (see section 4.4) applies to the P&D objectives. In some cases, the population and distribution objectives are incorporated into the goal. they can be quantitative… “The long-term recovery goal for Henslow’s Sparrow is to increase the Canadian population to a stable annual m ...
Evolutionary Arguments on Aging, Disease, and Other Topics
... - For several decades, evolutionary theses have become so rooted in the minds of biologists that there is no subject concerning living beings that has not, according to them, been dealt with. Not only does the scholar of systematics that looks into the affinities, and therefore the relationships amo ...
... - For several decades, evolutionary theses have become so rooted in the minds of biologists that there is no subject concerning living beings that has not, according to them, been dealt with. Not only does the scholar of systematics that looks into the affinities, and therefore the relationships amo ...
here - Caroni Swamp RDI
... have been recorded at the Caroni Swamp (Kenefick,et al, 2011). However, relatively little is still known about the migrant songbird population of the Caroni Swamp. As such, this project seeks to build on the existing knowledge of the distribution and abundance of the migratory bird species at and ar ...
... have been recorded at the Caroni Swamp (Kenefick,et al, 2011). However, relatively little is still known about the migrant songbird population of the Caroni Swamp. As such, this project seeks to build on the existing knowledge of the distribution and abundance of the migratory bird species at and ar ...
Intra-guild predation of harlequin ladybird larvae by
... defences (Eisner, 2004; Eisner et al., 2005) and yet seemingly oblivious of each other (Figure 9). ...
... defences (Eisner, 2004; Eisner et al., 2005) and yet seemingly oblivious of each other (Figure 9). ...
Developing Biodiversity Indicators for Los Angeles County
... The Singapore Biodiversity Index, also known as City Biodiversity Index, is currently the only biodiversity index specifically designed for cities. It has three components: the native biodiversity in the city, the ecosystem services provided to the city by biodiversity, and the management of biod ...
... The Singapore Biodiversity Index, also known as City Biodiversity Index, is currently the only biodiversity index specifically designed for cities. It has three components: the native biodiversity in the city, the ecosystem services provided to the city by biodiversity, and the management of biod ...
Detailed Final Report - Rufford Small Grants
... meadows). At the same time agricultural activity may increase death of chicks, promote nest destruction and increase the predation rate. We collected the data on breeding success in the grazing floodplain meadows. About 70% of all nests were unsuccessful, although we tracked down the fate of rather ...
... meadows). At the same time agricultural activity may increase death of chicks, promote nest destruction and increase the predation rate. We collected the data on breeding success in the grazing floodplain meadows. About 70% of all nests were unsuccessful, although we tracked down the fate of rather ...
The effects of foliar pubescence and nutrient polymorpha (Myrtaceae)
... Abstract. 1. Nutrient resource availability and host-plant foliar pubescence both influence arthropod food webs, but multifactor studies are needed to understand their interdependence and relative importance. Arthropods were sampled by clipping foliage from Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae) trees ...
... Abstract. 1. Nutrient resource availability and host-plant foliar pubescence both influence arthropod food webs, but multifactor studies are needed to understand their interdependence and relative importance. Arthropods were sampled by clipping foliage from Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae) trees ...
Bifrenaria
Bifrenaria, abbreviated Bif. in horticultural trade, is a genus of plant in family Orchidaceae. It contains 20 species found in Panama, Trinidad and South America. There are no known uses for them, but their abundant, and at first glance artificial, flowers, make them favorites of orchid growers.The genus can be split in two clearly distinct groups: one of highly robust plants with large flowers, that encompass the first species to be classified under the genus Bifrenaria; other of more delicate plants with smaller flowers occasionally classified as Stenocoryne or Adipe. There are two additional species that are normally classified as Bifrenaria, but which molecular analysis indicate to belong to different orchid groups entirely. One is Bifrenaria grandis which is endemic to Bolívia and which is now placed in Lacaena, and Bifrenaria steyermarkii, an inhabitant of the northern Amazon Forest, which does not have an alternative classification.