Wildlife Management Concepts and Terms
... (or cover) types. These vegetation types might include mature oak-hickory forest, old fields undergoing succession, regenerating pine forest, brushy thickets and agricultural fields. Although some people may use the term “habitat type” interchangeably with “vegetation type,” this is confusing and sh ...
... (or cover) types. These vegetation types might include mature oak-hickory forest, old fields undergoing succession, regenerating pine forest, brushy thickets and agricultural fields. Although some people may use the term “habitat type” interchangeably with “vegetation type,” this is confusing and sh ...
Some effects of marine reserve protection on the population
... individuals recorded were relatively large fish. Their lengths ranged from 300 to 550 mm, which corresponded to ages of 3 and 8/10 years, respectively (Bach, 1985; FishBase, 1997). Shallow waters between 0 and 10 m depth are usually preferred by spearfishermen, whereas the use of professional fishin ...
... individuals recorded were relatively large fish. Their lengths ranged from 300 to 550 mm, which corresponded to ages of 3 and 8/10 years, respectively (Bach, 1985; FishBase, 1997). Shallow waters between 0 and 10 m depth are usually preferred by spearfishermen, whereas the use of professional fishin ...
Wildlife Management Concepts and Terms
... sequence of vegetation types that replace one another in progression during plant succession is called a sere. Various vegetation types represent various seral stages, which are also commonly called successional stages. Climate, soils, and disturbance events determine which plant species (and theref ...
... sequence of vegetation types that replace one another in progression during plant succession is called a sere. Various vegetation types represent various seral stages, which are also commonly called successional stages. Climate, soils, and disturbance events determine which plant species (and theref ...
Commonness and rarity determinants of woody
... The other five forest types were regular belts of tropical wet forests ([2,000 mm of annual precipitation) along the whole elevation gradient (Navarro et al. 2004; Fuentes 2005): lowland Amazonian forest (AM; below 1,000 m); lower montane forest (LM, from 1,000 to 1,700 m); intermediate montane fore ...
... The other five forest types were regular belts of tropical wet forests ([2,000 mm of annual precipitation) along the whole elevation gradient (Navarro et al. 2004; Fuentes 2005): lowland Amazonian forest (AM; below 1,000 m); lower montane forest (LM, from 1,000 to 1,700 m); intermediate montane fore ...
as a PDF
... colored orchid bees of the tribe Euglossini in Apidae tend to forage singly or in small groups, primarily in the understory and subcanopy. In contrast, many anthophorids forage in large aggregations, mainly, but not entirely, in the canopy (G. W. Frankie, personal communication). Species pollinated ...
... colored orchid bees of the tribe Euglossini in Apidae tend to forage singly or in small groups, primarily in the understory and subcanopy. In contrast, many anthophorids forage in large aggregations, mainly, but not entirely, in the canopy (G. W. Frankie, personal communication). Species pollinated ...
Biotic Globalization: Does Competition from Introduced Species
... limited migration, random speciation, and random fluctuations in species abundances (the latter a process Hubbell referred to as “ecological drift”). In this model, individuals of all species within a community trophic level are considered to be “per capita ecological equivalents,” meaning they exhi ...
... limited migration, random speciation, and random fluctuations in species abundances (the latter a process Hubbell referred to as “ecological drift”). In this model, individuals of all species within a community trophic level are considered to be “per capita ecological equivalents,” meaning they exhi ...
EDIBLE FOREST TOUR - The Living Rainforest
... over. Unfortunately, many animals die before they even reach a pet shop. Some estimates put the losses as high as 90%. The desire to keep unusual species fuels this trade, and with increased affluence in the First World, capturing animals for the pet trade is ever more attractive to those trying to ...
... over. Unfortunately, many animals die before they even reach a pet shop. Some estimates put the losses as high as 90%. The desire to keep unusual species fuels this trade, and with increased affluence in the First World, capturing animals for the pet trade is ever more attractive to those trying to ...
Old World phytophagous bats (Megachiroptera) and their food
... be exclusively phytophagous, taking floral resources (largely nectar and pollen but also petals and bracts), fruit (broadly defined), leaves and water; none is a specialist seed-eater. Two families of Microchiroptera contain omnivorous species which feed partly upon plant material: the Mystacinidae ...
... be exclusively phytophagous, taking floral resources (largely nectar and pollen but also petals and bracts), fruit (broadly defined), leaves and water; none is a specialist seed-eater. Two families of Microchiroptera contain omnivorous species which feed partly upon plant material: the Mystacinidae ...
Biotic Globalization: Does Competition from Introduced Species
... limited migration, random speciation, and random fluctuations in species abundances (the latter a process Hubbell referred to as “ecological drift”). In this model, individuals of all species within a community trophic level are considered to be “per capita ecological equivalents,” meaning they exhi ...
... limited migration, random speciation, and random fluctuations in species abundances (the latter a process Hubbell referred to as “ecological drift”). In this model, individuals of all species within a community trophic level are considered to be “per capita ecological equivalents,” meaning they exhi ...
Interactive comment on “Disruption of metal ion homeostasis in soils
... and discussion of the processes shaping the biomass and diversity patterns. Since a high number of soil variables were measured in this study, which are all expected to be strongly affected by the N addition treatments, we can expect very high multicollinearity to occur in this dataset. This is inde ...
... and discussion of the processes shaping the biomass and diversity patterns. Since a high number of soil variables were measured in this study, which are all expected to be strongly affected by the N addition treatments, we can expect very high multicollinearity to occur in this dataset. This is inde ...
Undergraduate Research Academy (URA) Cover Sheet Rogers Kurt Schulz
... bella), and periwinkle (Vinca minor). Notably, there are a number of species of exotic invasive evergreen vines which have been introduced to Illinois as ground covers. These include periwinkle (Vinca minor), wintercreeper (Euonymus fortunei), Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicerajaponica), pachysandra (Pa ...
... bella), and periwinkle (Vinca minor). Notably, there are a number of species of exotic invasive evergreen vines which have been introduced to Illinois as ground covers. These include periwinkle (Vinca minor), wintercreeper (Euonymus fortunei), Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicerajaponica), pachysandra (Pa ...
Organisms and Populations
... thrive in a wide range of temperatures (they are called eurythermal), but, a vast majority of them are restricted to a narrow range of temperatures (such organisms are called stenothermal ). The levels of thermal tolerance of different species determine to a large extent their geographical distribut ...
... thrive in a wide range of temperatures (they are called eurythermal), but, a vast majority of them are restricted to a narrow range of temperatures (such organisms are called stenothermal ). The levels of thermal tolerance of different species determine to a large extent their geographical distribut ...
succession - Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies
... few. These characteristics will together determine the outcome of individual plant–plant interactions at local scales. At broader spatial scales, compositional changes within the community will be the sum of all of the individual interactions. Of course, all interactions occur within the constraints ...
... few. These characteristics will together determine the outcome of individual plant–plant interactions at local scales. At broader spatial scales, compositional changes within the community will be the sum of all of the individual interactions. Of course, all interactions occur within the constraints ...
INTERACTIONS OF ACACIA TORTILIS (FORSK.) SUBPSP
... that had less annual species density. These results agree with those of Holmgren et al., 1997, who argued that in the dry sites, larger tree crown would increase woody seedling success by reducing water stress. In the same way, Vaitkus & Eddleman (1991) showed increased herbaceous species and biomas ...
... that had less annual species density. These results agree with those of Holmgren et al., 1997, who argued that in the dry sites, larger tree crown would increase woody seedling success by reducing water stress. In the same way, Vaitkus & Eddleman (1991) showed increased herbaceous species and biomas ...
1 - Fort Lewis College
... 7. Do the data support the conclusions? Would another approach have been better? Are the data over-interpreted or is the interpretation just wrong? 8. What overall contribution does this paper make to community ecology? (can be the same as question #5) 9. What new questions are raised and what furth ...
... 7. Do the data support the conclusions? Would another approach have been better? Are the data over-interpreted or is the interpretation just wrong? 8. What overall contribution does this paper make to community ecology? (can be the same as question #5) 9. What new questions are raised and what furth ...
Local-scale habitat influences morphological diversity of species
... with more functional morphological diversity than simple habitats. Average and standard deviation (SD) of the morphological Euclidean distances of local assemblages among mesohabitats tended to decrease or be constant as the number of species increased. Regressions of the average nearest neighbour d ...
... with more functional morphological diversity than simple habitats. Average and standard deviation (SD) of the morphological Euclidean distances of local assemblages among mesohabitats tended to decrease or be constant as the number of species increased. Regressions of the average nearest neighbour d ...
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... acidification without correcting carbonates and bicarbonates) or ecologically realistic (e.g. single species cultures) conditions. This makes any realistic prediction difficult. For this reason, in this review, we will focus on the impact of OA on early life-history from experiments using realistic ...
... acidification without correcting carbonates and bicarbonates) or ecologically realistic (e.g. single species cultures) conditions. This makes any realistic prediction difficult. For this reason, in this review, we will focus on the impact of OA on early life-history from experiments using realistic ...
Critical Biodiversity
... of the species themselves. The particular niches individual species are adapted to live on are not built into the model. Adaptation occurs through a natural selection and ultimate speciation process. The only restriction we built into the model regarding the food web is that no species may live on i ...
... of the species themselves. The particular niches individual species are adapted to live on are not built into the model. Adaptation occurs through a natural selection and ultimate speciation process. The only restriction we built into the model regarding the food web is that no species may live on i ...
What are ecological communities?
... Having obtained a list of species and their abundances within sampling units, there is usually so much information that it is impossible to draw conclusions about any general trends which may be apparent. What is required are methods to simplify and summarise this raw data. Two ways to analyse ecolo ...
... Having obtained a list of species and their abundances within sampling units, there is usually so much information that it is impossible to draw conclusions about any general trends which may be apparent. What is required are methods to simplify and summarise this raw data. Two ways to analyse ecolo ...
Organisms and Populations.pmd
... thrive in a wide range of temperatures (they are called eurythermal), but, a vast majority of them are restricted to a narrow range of temperatures (such organisms are called stenothermal ). The levels of thermal tolerance of different species determine to a large extent their geographical distribut ...
... thrive in a wide range of temperatures (they are called eurythermal), but, a vast majority of them are restricted to a narrow range of temperatures (such organisms are called stenothermal ). The levels of thermal tolerance of different species determine to a large extent their geographical distribut ...
Comparative evolution of flower and fruit morphology
... to flowers. Consistent with this expectation, a large percentage of animal-dispersed plant species have either red or black fruits (62– 66%, Wheelwright & Janson 1985) despite a wide range of possible colours. Reduced diversification in fruits relative to flowers is also predicted if the former suff ...
... to flowers. Consistent with this expectation, a large percentage of animal-dispersed plant species have either red or black fruits (62– 66%, Wheelwright & Janson 1985) despite a wide range of possible colours. Reduced diversification in fruits relative to flowers is also predicted if the former suff ...
Consortium for Educational Communication Ans.
... Q.14. What is a Xerosere and write a short note on the Crustoselichen stage? Ans. Xerosere is defined as a succession which begins in dry habitat like rocks or dry sand and reaches a climax. Crustose-lichen stage: The first stage of xerosere is crustoselichen stage. The soil is absent for the comple ...
... Q.14. What is a Xerosere and write a short note on the Crustoselichen stage? Ans. Xerosere is defined as a succession which begins in dry habitat like rocks or dry sand and reaches a climax. Crustose-lichen stage: The first stage of xerosere is crustoselichen stage. The soil is absent for the comple ...
NYNHP Conservation Guide for Imperial Moth
... necessary, it's best to use lights that emit red or yellow light because insects are generally not attracted to those colors. However, many sodium lights, which emit yellow light, are so bright that they do attract some insects. The best lighting appears to be low pressure sodium lights which have l ...
... necessary, it's best to use lights that emit red or yellow light because insects are generally not attracted to those colors. However, many sodium lights, which emit yellow light, are so bright that they do attract some insects. The best lighting appears to be low pressure sodium lights which have l ...
Bifrenaria
Bifrenaria, abbreviated Bif. in horticultural trade, is a genus of plant in family Orchidaceae. It contains 20 species found in Panama, Trinidad and South America. There are no known uses for them, but their abundant, and at first glance artificial, flowers, make them favorites of orchid growers.The genus can be split in two clearly distinct groups: one of highly robust plants with large flowers, that encompass the first species to be classified under the genus Bifrenaria; other of more delicate plants with smaller flowers occasionally classified as Stenocoryne or Adipe. There are two additional species that are normally classified as Bifrenaria, but which molecular analysis indicate to belong to different orchid groups entirely. One is Bifrenaria grandis which is endemic to Bolívia and which is now placed in Lacaena, and Bifrenaria steyermarkii, an inhabitant of the northern Amazon Forest, which does not have an alternative classification.