Chapter 52 Notes
... southward with the changing angle of the sun, producing marked wet and dry seasons around 20° north and 20° south latitude, where many tropical deciduous forests grow. ...
... southward with the changing angle of the sun, producing marked wet and dry seasons around 20° north and 20° south latitude, where many tropical deciduous forests grow. ...
Ecological traits affect the sensitivity of bees to land‐use pressures
... 2011–2012 (Table S1.1, Supporting Information), searching journal alerts and assessing references cited in reviews. Criteria for selection were as follows: (i) multiple European sites were sampled for bee abundance or occurrence using the same sampling method within the same season; (ii) at least on ...
... 2011–2012 (Table S1.1, Supporting Information), searching journal alerts and assessing references cited in reviews. Criteria for selection were as follows: (i) multiple European sites were sampled for bee abundance or occurrence using the same sampling method within the same season; (ii) at least on ...
PHYSICAL FEATURES OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT:
... Physical conditions vs. grazing in affecting distribution of algae a) Read p. 262: explanation given is that “on sheltered shores, limpets and other grazers are rare. This permits the algae to grow and flourish.” ...
... Physical conditions vs. grazing in affecting distribution of algae a) Read p. 262: explanation given is that “on sheltered shores, limpets and other grazers are rare. This permits the algae to grow and flourish.” ...
Do exotic beavers engineer differently in sub-Antarctic
... As a consequence beaver herbivory and wetland creation in North America promotes the persistence of an unpalatable stand of riparian trees that remains and regenerates (Naiman et al., 1988; Müller-Schwarze et al., 1994) and creates a more complex and diverse habitat and herbaceous species assemblag ...
... As a consequence beaver herbivory and wetland creation in North America promotes the persistence of an unpalatable stand of riparian trees that remains and regenerates (Naiman et al., 1988; Müller-Schwarze et al., 1994) and creates a more complex and diverse habitat and herbaceous species assemblag ...
The effects of substrate types on species diversity
... substrate types ● Highest diversity on rocky substrate ...
... substrate types ● Highest diversity on rocky substrate ...
The Longleaf Pine Forest: A Fact Sheet
... • Prior to European settlement, the southern longleaf pine dominated an ecosystem of 93 million acres; many scientists believe this to be the largest ecosystem in earth’s history under one canopy of trees. • Today the longleaf has been reduced to around three million acres. anhandle and South Ala ...
... • Prior to European settlement, the southern longleaf pine dominated an ecosystem of 93 million acres; many scientists believe this to be the largest ecosystem in earth’s history under one canopy of trees. • Today the longleaf has been reduced to around three million acres. anhandle and South Ala ...
The effects of invasive North American beavers on riparian plant
... As a consequence beaver herbivory and wetland creation in North America promotes the persistence of an unpalatable stand of riparian trees that remains and regenerates (Naiman et al., 1988; Müller-Schwarze et al., 1994) and creates a more complex and diverse habitat and herbaceous species assembla ...
... As a consequence beaver herbivory and wetland creation in North America promotes the persistence of an unpalatable stand of riparian trees that remains and regenerates (Naiman et al., 1988; Müller-Schwarze et al., 1994) and creates a more complex and diverse habitat and herbaceous species assembla ...
Temporal variations in abundance and species composition
... zone for completion of all or an essential part of their life history (Gibson, 1982). This is not necessarily dependence on intertidal environment, merely opportunistic utilisation of a near-shore environment offering refuge from predators and increased feeding possibilities (Blaber and Blaber, 1980 ...
... zone for completion of all or an essential part of their life history (Gibson, 1982). This is not necessarily dependence on intertidal environment, merely opportunistic utilisation of a near-shore environment offering refuge from predators and increased feeding possibilities (Blaber and Blaber, 1980 ...
14 Years of Deer Browsing Shapes a Mesic Forest
... Large herbivores are inseparable from – and often shape – the ecosystems in which they occur. In parts of East Africa, vegetation has shifted from woodland to grassland depending, in large part, on the density of elephants (Laws 1970). Similarly, at the end of the last ice age, large mammal extincti ...
... Large herbivores are inseparable from – and often shape – the ecosystems in which they occur. In parts of East Africa, vegetation has shifted from woodland to grassland depending, in large part, on the density of elephants (Laws 1970). Similarly, at the end of the last ice age, large mammal extincti ...
English - SciELO Costa Rica
... Abstract: Diversity indices, particularly the Shannon-Wiener index, have extensively been used in analyzing patterns of diversity at different geographic and ecological scales. These indices have serious conceptual and statistical problems which make comparisons of species richness or species abunda ...
... Abstract: Diversity indices, particularly the Shannon-Wiener index, have extensively been used in analyzing patterns of diversity at different geographic and ecological scales. These indices have serious conceptual and statistical problems which make comparisons of species richness or species abunda ...
Author`s personal copy
... emerald ash borer, including loss of timber and costs to remove trees from yards, parks, and city streets, range from the tens to the hundreds of millions of dollars for Minnesota alone, and the species has spread throughout the entire upper Midwest, meaning regional costs will be much higher. Intro ...
... emerald ash borer, including loss of timber and costs to remove trees from yards, parks, and city streets, range from the tens to the hundreds of millions of dollars for Minnesota alone, and the species has spread throughout the entire upper Midwest, meaning regional costs will be much higher. Intro ...
Living With Wildlife Suburban Wildlife in Massachusetts
... that are energy efficient. By highly adaptable we mean that they can easily adjust to changes in their environment. Opportunistic feeders in that most are generalists eating a variety of plant and animal material including food left around by humans. They are energy efficient in that when given the ...
... that are energy efficient. By highly adaptable we mean that they can easily adjust to changes in their environment. Opportunistic feeders in that most are generalists eating a variety of plant and animal material including food left around by humans. They are energy efficient in that when given the ...
Living With Wildlife - the Town of Ware, MA
... are energy efficient. By highly adaptable we mean that they can easily adjust to changes in their environment. Opportunistic feeders in that most are generalists eating a variety of plant and animal material including food left around by humans. They are energy efficient in that when given the choic ...
... are energy efficient. By highly adaptable we mean that they can easily adjust to changes in their environment. Opportunistic feeders in that most are generalists eating a variety of plant and animal material including food left around by humans. They are energy efficient in that when given the choic ...
Current Issues Resources Biodiversity and Invasive Species
... Unfortunately, our biodiversity is threatened. According to many of the world’s leading experts in science, the loss of biodiversity is one of the ...
... Unfortunately, our biodiversity is threatened. According to many of the world’s leading experts in science, the loss of biodiversity is one of the ...
Abstract and introduction, study sites, methods
... for all individuals unless identification was impossible (e.g., in the case of poorly preserved or cannibalized specimens). The sex, and sexual maturity (scrotal males and lactating or pregnant females were considered sexually mature), and the number of embryos, if pregnant, were recorded. We weighe ...
... for all individuals unless identification was impossible (e.g., in the case of poorly preserved or cannibalized specimens). The sex, and sexual maturity (scrotal males and lactating or pregnant females were considered sexually mature), and the number of embryos, if pregnant, were recorded. We weighe ...
1 BIOL B242 Evolutionary Genetics: Coevolution What is
... "colonized" the other (the host). Here, the host shifts may well correspond to phylogeny because closely related hosts are more similar. In other cases, phylogenies may not be concordant, because the parasite may be able to switch between host lineages fairly frequently (see examples on overheads). ...
... "colonized" the other (the host). Here, the host shifts may well correspond to phylogeny because closely related hosts are more similar. In other cases, phylogenies may not be concordant, because the parasite may be able to switch between host lineages fairly frequently (see examples on overheads). ...
Community ecology and dynamics
... species are competitively superior (e.g. grow taller, grow faster) to others so that the initial colonisers of an opening do not necessarily maintain their presence there. Result is a reasonably PREDICTIVE SEQUENCE of species because different species have different strategies for exploiting resourc ...
... species are competitively superior (e.g. grow taller, grow faster) to others so that the initial colonisers of an opening do not necessarily maintain their presence there. Result is a reasonably PREDICTIVE SEQUENCE of species because different species have different strategies for exploiting resourc ...
Biotic and Abiotic Influences on Ecosystems
... water, and space • Eventually, it will reach its carrying capacity – the maximum population size of a species that a given ecosystem can sustain • As abiotic and biotic factors change, the carrying capacity also changes – E.g. A forest fire reduces the number of trees but new plants will thrive as t ...
... water, and space • Eventually, it will reach its carrying capacity – the maximum population size of a species that a given ecosystem can sustain • As abiotic and biotic factors change, the carrying capacity also changes – E.g. A forest fire reduces the number of trees but new plants will thrive as t ...
Global Biodiversity Conservation: The Critical Role of Hotspots
... two strict quantitative criteria: to qualify as a hotspot, a region had to contain at least 1,500 vascular plants as endemics (>0.5% of the world’s total), and it had to have 30% or less of its original vegetation (extent of historical habitat cover) remaining. These efforts culminated in an extensi ...
... two strict quantitative criteria: to qualify as a hotspot, a region had to contain at least 1,500 vascular plants as endemics (>0.5% of the world’s total), and it had to have 30% or less of its original vegetation (extent of historical habitat cover) remaining. These efforts culminated in an extensi ...
Evolution notes 2015
... 2. Inheritance of acquired characteristics described how body features acquired during the lifetime of an organism (such as muscle bulk) could be passed on to offspring. This, however, was incorrect. Only changes in the genetic material of cells can be passed on to offspring. 3. Natural transformati ...
... 2. Inheritance of acquired characteristics described how body features acquired during the lifetime of an organism (such as muscle bulk) could be passed on to offspring. This, however, was incorrect. Only changes in the genetic material of cells can be passed on to offspring. 3. Natural transformati ...
Nature Journal: Using the Grinnell System
... Date day-month-year (example – 01 June 2008).All four components of the system are written based on one full calendar year. One year per notebook, journal, catalog and species account. Use the day-month-year format to eliminate confusion. Time 24-hour clock (example – 1408 is 2:08 p.m.) Remember to ...
... Date day-month-year (example – 01 June 2008).All four components of the system are written based on one full calendar year. One year per notebook, journal, catalog and species account. Use the day-month-year format to eliminate confusion. Time 24-hour clock (example – 1408 is 2:08 p.m.) Remember to ...
Bifrenaria
Bifrenaria, abbreviated Bif. in horticultural trade, is a genus of plant in family Orchidaceae. It contains 20 species found in Panama, Trinidad and South America. There are no known uses for them, but their abundant, and at first glance artificial, flowers, make them favorites of orchid growers.The genus can be split in two clearly distinct groups: one of highly robust plants with large flowers, that encompass the first species to be classified under the genus Bifrenaria; other of more delicate plants with smaller flowers occasionally classified as Stenocoryne or Adipe. There are two additional species that are normally classified as Bifrenaria, but which molecular analysis indicate to belong to different orchid groups entirely. One is Bifrenaria grandis which is endemic to Bolívia and which is now placed in Lacaena, and Bifrenaria steyermarkii, an inhabitant of the northern Amazon Forest, which does not have an alternative classification.