Tundra_000 - JBHA-Sci-US-tri1
... Adaptation to 24 hour daylight of tundra in summer Change color - brown in summer, white in winter Prey on lemmings – around 12/day They nest on ground on highest and driest portions of biome ...
... Adaptation to 24 hour daylight of tundra in summer Change color - brown in summer, white in winter Prey on lemmings – around 12/day They nest on ground on highest and driest portions of biome ...
Species-specific effects of genetic diversity and species
... Province (29°10′19″N, 118°03′50″E). These locations are representative of species-rich Chinese mixed broad-leaved forests, where evergreen species dominate in abundance, but not in numbers (Bruelheide et al. 2011; Yu et al. 2001). For each species, seeds were collected as separate SF from 8 maternal ...
... Province (29°10′19″N, 118°03′50″E). These locations are representative of species-rich Chinese mixed broad-leaved forests, where evergreen species dominate in abundance, but not in numbers (Bruelheide et al. 2011; Yu et al. 2001). For each species, seeds were collected as separate SF from 8 maternal ...
Recovery After Mass Extinction: Evolutionary assembly in large
... (such as competition and predation) is far from trivial. Adding evolutionary changes simply increases the difficulty. Some previous models have explored this issue with variable success (see Solé et al., 1999 and references therein). Models of interacting or non-interacting species were used in the ...
... (such as competition and predation) is far from trivial. Adding evolutionary changes simply increases the difficulty. Some previous models have explored this issue with variable success (see Solé et al., 1999 and references therein). Models of interacting or non-interacting species were used in the ...
Niche-Based vs. Neutral Models of Ecological Communities
... neutralists cannot really have their cake (trade-offs) and eat it too – that is, treat the organisms of different species as ecological equivalents, each having an equal probability of survival and reproduction. Chase and Leibold do not acknowledge the above argument of Hubbell’s (2001). However, th ...
... neutralists cannot really have their cake (trade-offs) and eat it too – that is, treat the organisms of different species as ecological equivalents, each having an equal probability of survival and reproduction. Chase and Leibold do not acknowledge the above argument of Hubbell’s (2001). However, th ...
Desirable mathematical properties of indicators for biodiversity change
... It is however far from clear which indicators are most appropriate and which are less suitable to summarize trends in biodiversity. One reason for this lack of clarity is that so far the mathematical properties of indicator approaches have had little attention. In this paper, we derive a number of d ...
... It is however far from clear which indicators are most appropriate and which are less suitable to summarize trends in biodiversity. One reason for this lack of clarity is that so far the mathematical properties of indicator approaches have had little attention. In this paper, we derive a number of d ...
Competition 1. What is competition? 2. Intra
... Competition occurs when individuals use a shared resource in short supply: There may not be enough of the resource for any given individual to survive or to reproduce as well as when more resource is present. Competition does not necessarily involve competitors ever meeting (if the competitors are m ...
... Competition occurs when individuals use a shared resource in short supply: There may not be enough of the resource for any given individual to survive or to reproduce as well as when more resource is present. Competition does not necessarily involve competitors ever meeting (if the competitors are m ...
here - Ammonia Workshop Edinburgh 2006
... • Responses of higher plant species are now being detected at much lower concentrations than the current 1 year CLE • Epiphytic lichens and bryophytes are affected at [NH3] much lower than the current CLE ...
... • Responses of higher plant species are now being detected at much lower concentrations than the current 1 year CLE • Epiphytic lichens and bryophytes are affected at [NH3] much lower than the current CLE ...
Tradeoffs in seedling growth and survival within and across tropical
... Grubb 2001; Wright et al. 2010). Some authors have argued that performance trade-offs across habitats are infrequent and make only a small contribution to tropical forest community assembly relative to growth–survival trade-offs because species’ performance and habitat differences are small (Kitajim ...
... Grubb 2001; Wright et al. 2010). Some authors have argued that performance trade-offs across habitats are infrequent and make only a small contribution to tropical forest community assembly relative to growth–survival trade-offs because species’ performance and habitat differences are small (Kitajim ...
Spatial patterns in the tropical forest reveal connections
... centimeters or the average distance between neighboring trees are all reasonable measurement units. However, in any attempt to compare the statistical features of patterns observed for two (or many) different species, that may have different abundance in the plot, the question of "natural" scale imm ...
... centimeters or the average distance between neighboring trees are all reasonable measurement units. However, in any attempt to compare the statistical features of patterns observed for two (or many) different species, that may have different abundance in the plot, the question of "natural" scale imm ...
I-HEDGE: determining the optimum complementary sets of taxa for
... contribute to its own score. Also, as laid out clearly by Faith (2008), the above metrics are not designed to identify the best ordering or subset of taxa to protect, since complementarity is not taken into account. For example, two closely related species may both be at high risk of extinction, mea ...
... contribute to its own score. Also, as laid out clearly by Faith (2008), the above metrics are not designed to identify the best ordering or subset of taxa to protect, since complementarity is not taken into account. For example, two closely related species may both be at high risk of extinction, mea ...
Experimental Zoogeography of Islands
... for which at least one propagule exists is designated a colonist. I t is also designated an immigrant if it was not a colonist at the preceding count. Every immigrant is also, by definition, a colonist. This definition says nothing about whether food and a breeding site exist; a species whose propag ...
... for which at least one propagule exists is designated a colonist. I t is also designated an immigrant if it was not a colonist at the preceding count. Every immigrant is also, by definition, a colonist. This definition says nothing about whether food and a breeding site exist; a species whose propag ...
Contents - Land for Wildlife
... a quarterly publication distributed free of charge to members of the Land for Wildlife program in South East Queensland. ...
... a quarterly publication distributed free of charge to members of the Land for Wildlife program in South East Queensland. ...
Scale, Environment, and Trophic Status: The Context Dependency
... curvature of the relationship, also called the half-saturation constant, and Vmax provides an estimate of the asymptote, which approaches infinity as the relationship becomes more linear (regionally dominated). This asymptote represents a quantitative measure of saturation: if the asymptote is estim ...
... curvature of the relationship, also called the half-saturation constant, and Vmax provides an estimate of the asymptote, which approaches infinity as the relationship becomes more linear (regionally dominated). This asymptote represents a quantitative measure of saturation: if the asymptote is estim ...
Section 1: Developing a Theory Key Ideas • Why is evolutionary
... Evolution sometimes results in larger or more-complex forms of life, but this result cannot be predicted. Many forms of life are simple yet successful. Mostly, scientists cannot predict the exact path that evolution will take. ...
... Evolution sometimes results in larger or more-complex forms of life, but this result cannot be predicted. Many forms of life are simple yet successful. Mostly, scientists cannot predict the exact path that evolution will take. ...
Wilderness Opportunities on the Inyo National Forest
... Sierra Addition is characterized by rugged high desert peaks scattered with yucca and Joshua Tree woodland, rare vegetation types on the Inyo National Forest. The area also contains important true Mojave Desert ecosystems which are largely intact and include Joshua trees, cholla cactus, creosote, pl ...
... Sierra Addition is characterized by rugged high desert peaks scattered with yucca and Joshua Tree woodland, rare vegetation types on the Inyo National Forest. The area also contains important true Mojave Desert ecosystems which are largely intact and include Joshua trees, cholla cactus, creosote, pl ...
Does diversity beget diversity? A case study of crops
... leading explanations for high species richness (Palmer 1994). If different crops utilize different soil resources, foster different rhizosphere microbial communities, and have different kinds of light environments under them because of different canopy structure, then we expect increasing crop diver ...
... leading explanations for high species richness (Palmer 1994). If different crops utilize different soil resources, foster different rhizosphere microbial communities, and have different kinds of light environments under them because of different canopy structure, then we expect increasing crop diver ...
Cranesville Swamp Trails
... The lush forest and wetlands of Cranesville Swamp are home to more than 48 rare plants and animals, including Jacob’s ladder, southern water shrew, and mountain earth snake. In addition to over 100 species of common birds that can be seen in the skies overhead, Cranesville Swamp Preserve is also an ...
... The lush forest and wetlands of Cranesville Swamp are home to more than 48 rare plants and animals, including Jacob’s ladder, southern water shrew, and mountain earth snake. In addition to over 100 species of common birds that can be seen in the skies overhead, Cranesville Swamp Preserve is also an ...
eports - WSU Entomology - Washington State University
... Abstract. Greater resource use by diverse communities might result from species occupying complementary niches. Demonstrating niche complementarity among species is challenging, however, due to the difficulty in relating differences between species in particular traits to their use of complementary r ...
... Abstract. Greater resource use by diverse communities might result from species occupying complementary niches. Demonstrating niche complementarity among species is challenging, however, due to the difficulty in relating differences between species in particular traits to their use of complementary r ...
The Endangered Species Act: What Do We Mean by Species?
... Sparrow (Dusky) was in critical decline. Development and the draining and drying of marshes eliminated the bird's habitat. 51 By 1978 only twenty-four males could be found. Biologists suggested a plan to cross five of the birds with a morphologically similar subspecies found on Florida's gulf coast ...
... Sparrow (Dusky) was in critical decline. Development and the draining and drying of marshes eliminated the bird's habitat. 51 By 1978 only twenty-four males could be found. Biologists suggested a plan to cross five of the birds with a morphologically similar subspecies found on Florida's gulf coast ...
The interacting effects of herbivore exclosures and seed addition in
... but propagule success is often dependent on site characteristics (Burke and Grime 1996, Turnbull et al. 2000, Foster and Dickson 2004, Martin and Wilsey 2006). The goal of our study was to determine if small mammals and birds, through herbivory and granivory, affect the relative success of re-coloni ...
... but propagule success is often dependent on site characteristics (Burke and Grime 1996, Turnbull et al. 2000, Foster and Dickson 2004, Martin and Wilsey 2006). The goal of our study was to determine if small mammals and birds, through herbivory and granivory, affect the relative success of re-coloni ...
BIOLOGICAL WEED CONTROL VIA NUTRIENT COMPETITION: POTASSIUM LIMITATION OF DANDELIONS E A. T
... in the liming treatment, the 1914–1976 data (for subplots receiving the classical liming treatment) and the 1991–1993 data (for the modern liming treatments) were analyzed separately. A few of the original treatments have been changed through the years (Warren and Johnston 1964), or plots subdivided ...
... in the liming treatment, the 1914–1976 data (for subplots receiving the classical liming treatment) and the 1991–1993 data (for the modern liming treatments) were analyzed separately. A few of the original treatments have been changed through the years (Warren and Johnston 1964), or plots subdivided ...
niche principles and 4 case studies
... Community = a set of populations occupying same area If interspecific competition has been a strong force affecting the niches used within a community, then the members of a guild should not have heavily overlapping niches, at any given location. A given species might occupy different niche in diffe ...
... Community = a set of populations occupying same area If interspecific competition has been a strong force affecting the niches used within a community, then the members of a guild should not have heavily overlapping niches, at any given location. A given species might occupy different niche in diffe ...
Mitten Crab
... • Problems that Mitten crabs are causing are that they are killing out native species. • They also create colonies and burrow under river banks which causes them to ...
... • Problems that Mitten crabs are causing are that they are killing out native species. • They also create colonies and burrow under river banks which causes them to ...
C. E. Timothy Paine – Curriculum Vitae
... predators is expected to have long-term consequences for tree community structure in tropical forests. ...
... predators is expected to have long-term consequences for tree community structure in tropical forests. ...
Management strategies for plant invasions: manipulating
... (e.g. too hot, too cold, or too dry) or because of low resource availability caused by geological and soil conditions (e.g. infertile, toxic, or shallow soils). In these environments light availability for most plants is high because low levels of soil resources or a short growing season limit the a ...
... (e.g. too hot, too cold, or too dry) or because of low resource availability caused by geological and soil conditions (e.g. infertile, toxic, or shallow soils). In these environments light availability for most plants is high because low levels of soil resources or a short growing season limit the a ...
Bifrenaria
Bifrenaria, abbreviated Bif. in horticultural trade, is a genus of plant in family Orchidaceae. It contains 20 species found in Panama, Trinidad and South America. There are no known uses for them, but their abundant, and at first glance artificial, flowers, make them favorites of orchid growers.The genus can be split in two clearly distinct groups: one of highly robust plants with large flowers, that encompass the first species to be classified under the genus Bifrenaria; other of more delicate plants with smaller flowers occasionally classified as Stenocoryne or Adipe. There are two additional species that are normally classified as Bifrenaria, but which molecular analysis indicate to belong to different orchid groups entirely. One is Bifrenaria grandis which is endemic to Bolívia and which is now placed in Lacaena, and Bifrenaria steyermarkii, an inhabitant of the northern Amazon Forest, which does not have an alternative classification.