How fast do stars form out of the ISM?
... How fast do stars form out of the ISM? Let's consider the gravitational collapse of a cloud into globules and further into a proto-star. The molecular clouds are very dark because they are cold (~10-40 K) and dense (~1000 grains per centimeter cubed). Gravity is an attractive force between any two m ...
... How fast do stars form out of the ISM? Let's consider the gravitational collapse of a cloud into globules and further into a proto-star. The molecular clouds are very dark because they are cold (~10-40 K) and dense (~1000 grains per centimeter cubed). Gravity is an attractive force between any two m ...
Chapter 10 - Astronomy
... 1. Maria Mitchell discovered a comet in 1847, resulting in her becoming the first woman elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and receiving a gold medal from the king of Denmark. 2. Mitchell was an early believer in women’s rights and saw astronomy and science as an avenue for liberat ...
... 1. Maria Mitchell discovered a comet in 1847, resulting in her becoming the first woman elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and receiving a gold medal from the king of Denmark. 2. Mitchell was an early believer in women’s rights and saw astronomy and science as an avenue for liberat ...
The Oort Cloud
... would not be much perturbed by typical passing stars nor by the gravity of the planets of the solar system, and the comets could reside in the inner cloud or belt for long periods of time without detection. It has been speculated, however, that a rare close passage by another star (possibly an undet ...
... would not be much perturbed by typical passing stars nor by the gravity of the planets of the solar system, and the comets could reside in the inner cloud or belt for long periods of time without detection. It has been speculated, however, that a rare close passage by another star (possibly an undet ...
The Small Objects. The Sun.
... The Sun shines with energy generated by fusion of hydrogen into helium in its core. Gravitational equilibrium determines the Sun’s interior structure and maintains a steady nuclear ...
... The Sun shines with energy generated by fusion of hydrogen into helium in its core. Gravitational equilibrium determines the Sun’s interior structure and maintains a steady nuclear ...
Chapter 10
... trillions of icy bodies believed to lie far beyond Pluto’s orbit to a distance of about 150,000 AU ...
... trillions of icy bodies believed to lie far beyond Pluto’s orbit to a distance of about 150,000 AU ...
Lecture - Faculty
... 2. Jupiter and Saturn crossed a 1:2 orbital resonance (the ratio of orbital periods), which made their orbits more elliptical. This suddenly enlarged and tilted the orbits of Uranus and Neptune ...
... 2. Jupiter and Saturn crossed a 1:2 orbital resonance (the ratio of orbital periods), which made their orbits more elliptical. This suddenly enlarged and tilted the orbits of Uranus and Neptune ...
Study Guide - James E. Neff
... What were the 5 main elements comprising the pre-solar nebula, and what were the relative amounts (e.g. mostly hydrogen and helium; what percentage of the others)? Why does a rotating, collapsing cloud form a disk? Why do all the planets orbit the Sun in more or less the same direction the same plan ...
... What were the 5 main elements comprising the pre-solar nebula, and what were the relative amounts (e.g. mostly hydrogen and helium; what percentage of the others)? Why does a rotating, collapsing cloud form a disk? Why do all the planets orbit the Sun in more or less the same direction the same plan ...
Asteroids and Comets
... Neptune! B. Umm, probably not? C. Umm, probably so? D. Yes way! Pluto was robbed! Long live Pluto! ...
... Neptune! B. Umm, probably not? C. Umm, probably so? D. Yes way! Pluto was robbed! Long live Pluto! ...
Pluto
... cloud” (a sphere of perhaps 1012 comets, about 50,000 AU from the Sun) • Sometimes perturbed by a passing star and deflected into the Solar System • Made of primitive material that is important for understanding the early Solar System • So we are very interested in studying comets (“Deep Impact” col ...
... cloud” (a sphere of perhaps 1012 comets, about 50,000 AU from the Sun) • Sometimes perturbed by a passing star and deflected into the Solar System • Made of primitive material that is important for understanding the early Solar System • So we are very interested in studying comets (“Deep Impact” col ...
Ch11_Lecture
... trillions of icy bodies believed to lie far beyond Pluto’s orbit to a distance of about 150,000 AU ...
... trillions of icy bodies believed to lie far beyond Pluto’s orbit to a distance of about 150,000 AU ...
Astronomy Library wk5.cwk (WP)
... Solar System. Near the end of the formation of the planets, a period of heavy bombardment occurs as the planets sweep up any remaining debris in the Solar System. It is during this period, about 4 to 4.5 billion years ago, that most of the craters seen on planetary surfaces were formed. Predictions ...
... Solar System. Near the end of the formation of the planets, a period of heavy bombardment occurs as the planets sweep up any remaining debris in the Solar System. It is during this period, about 4 to 4.5 billion years ago, that most of the craters seen on planetary surfaces were formed. Predictions ...
Meteors, Asteroids, and Comets (Powerpoint)
... in late October, the last three months have found the coma of Comet 17P/Holmes both expanding and fading. This spectacular composite image shows how the coma and tail of Comet Holmes have changed. Due to Earth's changing vantage point, Comet Holmes, out beyond the orbit of Mars, was seen in November ...
... in late October, the last three months have found the coma of Comet 17P/Holmes both expanding and fading. This spectacular composite image shows how the coma and tail of Comet Holmes have changed. Due to Earth's changing vantage point, Comet Holmes, out beyond the orbit of Mars, was seen in November ...
Chapter 10
... quickly changes views from the first photo to the second. 4. Pluto was discovered 6° from where Lowell had predicted it. 5. Pluto, however, is too small to cause the irregularities that had been seen in Uranus’s orbit. Later it was shown that these irregularities were not caused by another planet bu ...
... quickly changes views from the first photo to the second. 4. Pluto was discovered 6° from where Lowell had predicted it. 5. Pluto, however, is too small to cause the irregularities that had been seen in Uranus’s orbit. Later it was shown that these irregularities were not caused by another planet bu ...
meteoroid
... • rocky bodies that vary in size & • What are the characteristics of shape and orbit in a region in the solar system known as the asteroids? asteroid belt b/t Mars & Jupiter • movement: based on revolution around the Sun • some outside of the asteroid belt have orbits that cross Earth’s orbit & scie ...
... • rocky bodies that vary in size & • What are the characteristics of shape and orbit in a region in the solar system known as the asteroids? asteroid belt b/t Mars & Jupiter • movement: based on revolution around the Sun • some outside of the asteroid belt have orbits that cross Earth’s orbit & scie ...
Day 9 - Ch. 4 -
... it is hotter. Volatile gases are not condensed on the planets and end up condensing in the Jovian planets further out. This is similar to a process in chemical plants called distillation or fractionation. ...
... it is hotter. Volatile gases are not condensed on the planets and end up condensing in the Jovian planets further out. This is similar to a process in chemical plants called distillation or fractionation. ...
Handout 3 1-2 ppt
... 1. In addition to the sun, planets, and their moons, what occupies the space in our solar system? • The solar system includes million of smaller bodies; some are tiny bits of dust or ice; others are as large as small moons. ...
... 1. In addition to the sun, planets, and their moons, what occupies the space in our solar system? • The solar system includes million of smaller bodies; some are tiny bits of dust or ice; others are as large as small moons. ...
Chapter 10
... trillions of icy bodies believed to lie far beyond Pluto’s orbit to a distance of about 150,000 AU ...
... trillions of icy bodies believed to lie far beyond Pluto’s orbit to a distance of about 150,000 AU ...
File
... available H and He before these planets could accumulate much of these 2 gases. Two factors contribute to the difference in atmospheres: Solar heating (temperature) Gravity [See SmartFigure 22.3] 9) It took about ¾ billion years for the planets to “sweep up” most of the debris. During this time, the ...
... available H and He before these planets could accumulate much of these 2 gases. Two factors contribute to the difference in atmospheres: Solar heating (temperature) Gravity [See SmartFigure 22.3] 9) It took about ¾ billion years for the planets to “sweep up” most of the debris. During this time, the ...
Explore the Solar System - Museum of Science, Boston
... A typical Explore the Solar System show begins on the Earth, examining several constellations, planets, and stars of interest visible in the night sky. Students are asked to identify daily motions of the sky and its objects. The show then progresses to a space-based perspective of the solar system o ...
... A typical Explore the Solar System show begins on the Earth, examining several constellations, planets, and stars of interest visible in the night sky. Students are asked to identify daily motions of the sky and its objects. The show then progresses to a space-based perspective of the solar system o ...
slides - Relativity Group
... • Evaporating H2O is dissociated by solar ultraviolet radiation creating a large hydrogen cloud around the comet • Fluorescence is the source of a large portion of the comet’s light • Repeated passage by Sun eventually erodes a ...
... • Evaporating H2O is dissociated by solar ultraviolet radiation creating a large hydrogen cloud around the comet • Fluorescence is the source of a large portion of the comet’s light • Repeated passage by Sun eventually erodes a ...
Review Worksheet - Mrs. Sepulveda's Classes
... body and blasted material from the Earth’s mantle into orbit. This material eventually coalesced to form the Moon. ...
... body and blasted material from the Earth’s mantle into orbit. This material eventually coalesced to form the Moon. ...
Witnesses to Local Cosmic History - Max-Planck
... been reached. Way out there, up to distances of tens of thousands of astronomical units, where no telescope can detect them, other ice-cold bodies trace out their orbits in the Oort cloud. Long-period comets, which appear in the inner solar system only once every few thousand years, originate from t ...
... been reached. Way out there, up to distances of tens of thousands of astronomical units, where no telescope can detect them, other ice-cold bodies trace out their orbits in the Oort cloud. Long-period comets, which appear in the inner solar system only once every few thousand years, originate from t ...
Ch. 4 review
... Another dramatic result of stellar evolution: a supernova remnant which expels heavy elements into space. ...
... Another dramatic result of stellar evolution: a supernova remnant which expels heavy elements into space. ...
Chapter 10 - Relativity Group
... trillions of icy bodies believed to lie far beyond Pluto’s orbit to a distance of about 150,000 AU ...
... trillions of icy bodies believed to lie far beyond Pluto’s orbit to a distance of about 150,000 AU ...
Oort cloud
The Oort cloud (/ˈɔrt/ or /ˈʊərt/) or Öpik–Oort cloud, named after Dutch astronomer Jan Oort and Estonian astronomer Ernst Öpik, is a theoretical spherical cloud of predominantly icy planetesimals believed to surround the Sun at a distance of up to around 100,000 AU (2 ly). This places it at almost half of the distance to Proxima Centauri, the nearest star to the Sun, and in interstellar space. The Kuiper belt and the scattered disc, the other two reservoirs of trans-Neptunian objects, are less than one thousandth as far from the Sun as the Oort cloud. The outer limit of the Oort cloud defines the cosmographical boundary of the Solar System and the region of the Sun's gravitational dominance.The Oort cloud is thought to comprise two regions: a spherical outer Oort cloud and a disc-shaped inner Oort cloud, or Hills cloud. Objects in the Oort cloud are largely composed of ices, such as water, ammonia, and methane.Astronomers conjecture that the matter composing the Oort cloud formed closer to the Sun and was scattered far into space by the gravitational effects of the giant planets early in the Solar System's evolution. Although no confirmed direct observations of the Oort cloud have been made, it may be the source of all long-period and Halley-type comets entering the inner Solar System, and many of the centaurs and Jupiter-family comets as well. The outer Oort cloud is only loosely bound to the Solar System, and thus is easily affected by the gravitational pull both of passing stars and of the Milky Way itself. These forces occasionally dislodge comets from their orbits within the cloud and send them towards the inner Solar System. Based on their orbits, most of the short-period comets may come from the scattered disc, but some may still have originated from the Oort cloud.