Differentiated Parkinson patient-derived induced
... patients offer new possibilities for biomedical research and clinical applications, as these cells could be used for autologous transplantation. We differentiated iPS cells from patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) into dopaminergic (DA) neurons and show that these DA neurons can be transplanted w ...
... patients offer new possibilities for biomedical research and clinical applications, as these cells could be used for autologous transplantation. We differentiated iPS cells from patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) into dopaminergic (DA) neurons and show that these DA neurons can be transplanted w ...
Memory formation: from network structure to neural dynamics
... it is known that brain function is distributed over large neuronal ensembles, or, even more globally, between different brain modalities, it is important to understand how these ensembles self-organize to generate desired functions (movement, memory storage/recall, etc.) (Hebb 1949; Gerstein et al. ...
... it is known that brain function is distributed over large neuronal ensembles, or, even more globally, between different brain modalities, it is important to understand how these ensembles self-organize to generate desired functions (movement, memory storage/recall, etc.) (Hebb 1949; Gerstein et al. ...
identification of cell types in brain slices of the inferior colliculus
... injected. Regularity of ®ring was analysed in two ways. A neuron was considered regular (no adaptation) if none of its interspike intervals exceeded twice the ®rst interspike interval. Coef®cients of variation were calculated by dividing the standard deviation of interspike intervals by the mean int ...
... injected. Regularity of ®ring was analysed in two ways. A neuron was considered regular (no adaptation) if none of its interspike intervals exceeded twice the ®rst interspike interval. Coef®cients of variation were calculated by dividing the standard deviation of interspike intervals by the mean int ...
31.1 The Neuron - science-b
... A nerve impulse is self-propagating; that is, the flow of ions at the point of the impulse causes sodium channels just ahead of it to open. This allows the impulse to move rapidly along the axon. The flow of an impulse can be compared to the fall of a row of dominoes. As each domino falls, it causes ...
... A nerve impulse is self-propagating; that is, the flow of ions at the point of the impulse causes sodium channels just ahead of it to open. This allows the impulse to move rapidly along the axon. The flow of an impulse can be compared to the fall of a row of dominoes. As each domino falls, it causes ...
Effects of Correlated Input on Development of Structure in an
... persistent oscillations and a network that never settles. The synaptic strength S We now explore the impact of changing the value of the synaptic strength parameter, S, in equation 2.3. A value of = 0.6 is used for these simulations as it produces a steady state but is, potentially, not incapable ...
... persistent oscillations and a network that never settles. The synaptic strength S We now explore the impact of changing the value of the synaptic strength parameter, S, in equation 2.3. A value of = 0.6 is used for these simulations as it produces a steady state but is, potentially, not incapable ...
Connections of the Hypothalamus
... Model of the basic plan of the hypothalamus. It is convenient to start with the activation of a particular node (black) in the behavior control column. Note two classes of output. One consists of ‘descending’ projections to brainstem, and in some cases spinal, regions associated with the somatic and ...
... Model of the basic plan of the hypothalamus. It is convenient to start with the activation of a particular node (black) in the behavior control column. Note two classes of output. One consists of ‘descending’ projections to brainstem, and in some cases spinal, regions associated with the somatic and ...
Maturation of Layer V Pyramidal Neurons in the Rat Prefrontal
... Data were collected from 294 layer V pyramidal neurons from 78 rats aged between P1 and P36 (with the day of birth as P0). Only neurons with resting potentials more negative than ⫺45 mV were included. Figure 1 illustrates typical voltage responses to intracellular current injections in neurons at P3 ...
... Data were collected from 294 layer V pyramidal neurons from 78 rats aged between P1 and P36 (with the day of birth as P0). Only neurons with resting potentials more negative than ⫺45 mV were included. Figure 1 illustrates typical voltage responses to intracellular current injections in neurons at P3 ...
optical imaging and control of genetically designated neurons in
... Used as a sensor, the electrode reports voltage or current fluctuations at a single recording site. The observable voltage or current waveforms are composites shaped by many variables that can neither be directly observed nor reliably inferred: the locations, time courses, and magnitudes of individua ...
... Used as a sensor, the electrode reports voltage or current fluctuations at a single recording site. The observable voltage or current waveforms are composites shaped by many variables that can neither be directly observed nor reliably inferred: the locations, time courses, and magnitudes of individua ...
View Paper - Dundee Life Sciences
... time gets longer as development proceeds in many neuroepithelia, including the spinal cord (Kauffman, 1968), it has yet to be established whether this is a specific characteristic of all neurongenerating divisions. Here we have developed a novel long-term time-lapse imaging assay to monitor single c ...
... time gets longer as development proceeds in many neuroepithelia, including the spinal cord (Kauffman, 1968), it has yet to be established whether this is a specific characteristic of all neurongenerating divisions. Here we have developed a novel long-term time-lapse imaging assay to monitor single c ...
NIPS/Dec99/notebook3
... elicit bursting activity (1). This is possible because these fibers possess large presynaptic knobs containing round glutamatergic vesicles. The synaptic contacts are so powerful that a single primary afferent fiber can generate pairs or triplets of output spikes from several target DCN neurons (8) ...
... elicit bursting activity (1). This is possible because these fibers possess large presynaptic knobs containing round glutamatergic vesicles. The synaptic contacts are so powerful that a single primary afferent fiber can generate pairs or triplets of output spikes from several target DCN neurons (8) ...
Reconstruction of Natural Scenes from Ensemble Responses in the
... the movie stimuli, as indicated by their mean firing rates, which were higher during movie presentation (11.7 spikes/sec; n 5 57 cells) than in the absence of visual stimuli (6.8 spikes/sec; n 5 41 cells). A multi-input, multi-output linear decoding technique was implemented to reconstruct the spati ...
... the movie stimuli, as indicated by their mean firing rates, which were higher during movie presentation (11.7 spikes/sec; n 5 57 cells) than in the absence of visual stimuli (6.8 spikes/sec; n 5 41 cells). A multi-input, multi-output linear decoding technique was implemented to reconstruct the spati ...
hydroxytryptamine-containing neurons in the snail Effect of
... of isolated mouse superior cervical ganglia maintained in organ culture. The ganglia were explanted from mice of from 2 to 28 days of age and maintained on membrane-filter rafts in modified Eagle's medium (see Mackay & Iversen, 1972) for up to 48h. Choline acetyltransferase activity, a marker for pr ...
... of isolated mouse superior cervical ganglia maintained in organ culture. The ganglia were explanted from mice of from 2 to 28 days of age and maintained on membrane-filter rafts in modified Eagle's medium (see Mackay & Iversen, 1972) for up to 48h. Choline acetyltransferase activity, a marker for pr ...
Number, size and distribution of ganglion neurons in urinary bladder
... The mean areas of the urinary bladders, the mean number of neurons and the mean number of ganglia obtained from the three species are presented in Table I, together with the mean area of the nerve cell bodies. While. 2043 neurons per bladder were seen in the Guinea-pig, they were 1593 in the C57/ BL ...
... The mean areas of the urinary bladders, the mean number of neurons and the mean number of ganglia obtained from the three species are presented in Table I, together with the mean area of the nerve cell bodies. While. 2043 neurons per bladder were seen in the Guinea-pig, they were 1593 in the C57/ BL ...
Parietal Cortex and Hippocampal Contributions to RuleBased
... brains, rats provide a useful model for many cognitive processes and abilities. Rats have excellent spatial navigation skills, and are ideal study subjects for experiments involving single cell recordings. In addition, rats and humans share many brain structures, including the hippocampus and par ...
... brains, rats provide a useful model for many cognitive processes and abilities. Rats have excellent spatial navigation skills, and are ideal study subjects for experiments involving single cell recordings. In addition, rats and humans share many brain structures, including the hippocampus and par ...
Extended Liquid Computing in Networks of Spiking Neurons
... of processing elements give them the ability to store bits of information in their stable states (attractors in the language of dynamical systems). As shown in Figure 2, the global scheme for machine learning is simple: the neural network, which is a functionnal (or filter) of the input function u(· ...
... of processing elements give them the ability to store bits of information in their stable states (attractors in the language of dynamical systems). As shown in Figure 2, the global scheme for machine learning is simple: the neural network, which is a functionnal (or filter) of the input function u(· ...
Synchronized Activities among Retinal Ganglion Cells in Response
... In the present study, we adopt information-theoretic algorithm [8] and correlation index [6] to investigate the concerted activities of neurons recorded by adjacent electrodes in response to natural movie and pseudo-random checker-board stimuli respectively. The results revealed that synchronized ac ...
... In the present study, we adopt information-theoretic algorithm [8] and correlation index [6] to investigate the concerted activities of neurons recorded by adjacent electrodes in response to natural movie and pseudo-random checker-board stimuli respectively. The results revealed that synchronized ac ...
Biomorphic Circuits and Systems: Control of Robotic and Prosthetic Limbs
... comparator, and the axon is composed of a digitally-controlled spike generator that converts brief outputs from the comparator into arbitrarily long digital pulses (allowing for mimicry of the plateau potentials commonly found in neurons within biological CPGs [15]). Calcium-dependent potassium curr ...
... comparator, and the axon is composed of a digitally-controlled spike generator that converts brief outputs from the comparator into arbitrarily long digital pulses (allowing for mimicry of the plateau potentials commonly found in neurons within biological CPGs [15]). Calcium-dependent potassium curr ...
Honors Thesis
... being modeled. As I designed my model of an individual neuron before meeting with Dr. Murrow and Dr. Favorov to work on the larger simulator, I was selective in choosing and modifying neural features so that the model would produce appropriate behavior. Consequently, this thesis spells out a new mod ...
... being modeled. As I designed my model of an individual neuron before meeting with Dr. Murrow and Dr. Favorov to work on the larger simulator, I was selective in choosing and modifying neural features so that the model would produce appropriate behavior. Consequently, this thesis spells out a new mod ...
Autonomic nervous system
... their target organs (see below “Function”): sympathetic, parasympathetic and enteric. Sympathetic ganglia are located in two sympathetic chains close to the spinal cord: the prevertebral and pre-aortic chains. Parasympathetic ganglia, in contrast, are located in close proximity to the target organ: ...
... their target organs (see below “Function”): sympathetic, parasympathetic and enteric. Sympathetic ganglia are located in two sympathetic chains close to the spinal cord: the prevertebral and pre-aortic chains. Parasympathetic ganglia, in contrast, are located in close proximity to the target organ: ...
A part of the cholinergic fibers in mouse superior cervical ganglia
... the condition in which boutons richly surround the cellbody. The number of GAD65-immunopositive baskets per one section (12 grmu m thick) were 48.6+/-9.8 (n=5). All GAD65-immunopositive boutons exhibited VAchT immunoreactivity (Fig. 1). GAD65-immunopositive boutons and nNOS-immunopositive fibers of ...
... the condition in which boutons richly surround the cellbody. The number of GAD65-immunopositive baskets per one section (12 grmu m thick) were 48.6+/-9.8 (n=5). All GAD65-immunopositive boutons exhibited VAchT immunoreactivity (Fig. 1). GAD65-immunopositive boutons and nNOS-immunopositive fibers of ...
The Area Postrema - Queen`s University
... therefore making this structure uniquely situated to receive both neuronal and humoral information that can then be integrated by the cell body. The combined dense vasculature and small size of AP neurons has until recently created significant challenges to detailed analysis of their intrinsic prope ...
... therefore making this structure uniquely situated to receive both neuronal and humoral information that can then be integrated by the cell body. The combined dense vasculature and small size of AP neurons has until recently created significant challenges to detailed analysis of their intrinsic prope ...
PDF file
... are all short (single-frame time), shared by aversive and appetitive behaviors. The architecture does not require synaptic weights to be transmitted to succeeding neurons. In the new architecture, the neuromorphic motivation system develops in parallel with the basic neuromorphic sensorimotor system ...
... are all short (single-frame time), shared by aversive and appetitive behaviors. The architecture does not require synaptic weights to be transmitted to succeeding neurons. In the new architecture, the neuromorphic motivation system develops in parallel with the basic neuromorphic sensorimotor system ...
Diseases of the Basal Ganglia
... along with their connected cortical and thalamic areas, are viewed as components of parallel circuits whose functional and morphological segregation is rather strictly maintained. Each circuit is thought to engage separate regions of the basal ganglia and thalamus, and the output of each appears to ...
... along with their connected cortical and thalamic areas, are viewed as components of parallel circuits whose functional and morphological segregation is rather strictly maintained. Each circuit is thought to engage separate regions of the basal ganglia and thalamus, and the output of each appears to ...