to the Session 1 notes
... During typical AFL the activation wave front turns counterclockwise around the tricuspid valve annulus ...
... During typical AFL the activation wave front turns counterclockwise around the tricuspid valve annulus ...
Atrial fibrillation – etiology and pathogenesis
... should be ordered with special care, systematically repeated assessment of bleeding is necessary and potentially reversible risk factors should be corrected (8). Among the group of patients with AF/AFL and ≥ 1 stroke risk factors, the anticoagulant treatment (NOAC/VKA) should be considered including ...
... should be ordered with special care, systematically repeated assessment of bleeding is necessary and potentially reversible risk factors should be corrected (8). Among the group of patients with AF/AFL and ≥ 1 stroke risk factors, the anticoagulant treatment (NOAC/VKA) should be considered including ...
When Cardiac Ablation Should Be First Line Therapy
... Sinus Tachycardia Note the classic S1Q3T3 seen with ...
... Sinus Tachycardia Note the classic S1Q3T3 seen with ...
Tachyarrhythmias, Diagnosis and Management
... patients with LV dysfunction and decompensated congestive heart failure to slow ventricular response. • Digoxin alone is rarely effective when the patient is sympathetically driven • Avoid high dose digoxin with amiodarone as digoxin levels increase 2-fold with amiodarone ...
... patients with LV dysfunction and decompensated congestive heart failure to slow ventricular response. • Digoxin alone is rarely effective when the patient is sympathetically driven • Avoid high dose digoxin with amiodarone as digoxin levels increase 2-fold with amiodarone ...
Arrhythmias
... o Atrial tachyarrhythmia with pre-excitation (e.g. SVT or AF with pre-excitation syndrome) → amiodarone (don’t use adenosine for AF with pre-excitation – it will block the only normal conduction pathway) – looks like VT with different size complexes (due to multiple AV conduction pathways); irregula ...
... o Atrial tachyarrhythmia with pre-excitation (e.g. SVT or AF with pre-excitation syndrome) → amiodarone (don’t use adenosine for AF with pre-excitation – it will block the only normal conduction pathway) – looks like VT with different size complexes (due to multiple AV conduction pathways); irregula ...
Lesson 5
... the atrial component to ventricular filling (atrial kick) that is due to atrial fibrillation or flutter. In individuals with ventricular arrhythmias, antiarrhythmic agents are often still in use to suppress arrhythmias. In this case, the patient may have frequent arrhythmic events or be at high risk ...
... the atrial component to ventricular filling (atrial kick) that is due to atrial fibrillation or flutter. In individuals with ventricular arrhythmias, antiarrhythmic agents are often still in use to suppress arrhythmias. In this case, the patient may have frequent arrhythmic events or be at high risk ...
The Cardiac Cycle:
... electrocardiogram, which represents atrial depolarization. The last phase of the cardiac cycle ends with the appearance of the next P wave. Phase 1: Atrial Contraction. Atrial depolarization causes contraction of the atrial musculature. As the atria contract, the pressure within the atrial chambers ...
... electrocardiogram, which represents atrial depolarization. The last phase of the cardiac cycle ends with the appearance of the next P wave. Phase 1: Atrial Contraction. Atrial depolarization causes contraction of the atrial musculature. As the atria contract, the pressure within the atrial chambers ...
Cardiologia
... sounds but no other abnormalities. The ECG showed atrial tachycardia with controlled ventricular rate, and transthoracic echocardiography led to the suspicion of right cor triatriatum. The arrhythmia was converted pharmacologically. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was subsequently performed ...
... sounds but no other abnormalities. The ECG showed atrial tachycardia with controlled ventricular rate, and transthoracic echocardiography led to the suspicion of right cor triatriatum. The arrhythmia was converted pharmacologically. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was subsequently performed ...
Document
... collaborated to produce these algorithms (1). They are designed to provide a simple and safe approach to the acute management of heart rhythm problems. They are directed at junior doctors who may have to deal with these at times complex problems whilst on call, when direction from more senior collea ...
... collaborated to produce these algorithms (1). They are designed to provide a simple and safe approach to the acute management of heart rhythm problems. They are directed at junior doctors who may have to deal with these at times complex problems whilst on call, when direction from more senior collea ...
The Electrical Impulses of the Heart*
... The normal heart rhythm (normal sinus rhythm) shows the electrical activity in the heart is following the normal pathway. The rhythm is regular and the node is normal (about 50 to 100 beats per minute). ...
... The normal heart rhythm (normal sinus rhythm) shows the electrical activity in the heart is following the normal pathway. The rhythm is regular and the node is normal (about 50 to 100 beats per minute). ...
Evaluation of the Patient Suspected of Having Underlying Arrhythmias
... quinidine/procainamide/DC cardioversion Prevention of thromboembolic phenomenon and stoke by warfarin ...
... quinidine/procainamide/DC cardioversion Prevention of thromboembolic phenomenon and stoke by warfarin ...
P R T S Q
... Very useful during exercise, as they may contribute up to 40% of the ventricles’ volume o Shortness of breath may develop Electrical Activity Each cardiac cycle is initiated by spontaneous generation of an AP in the SA node This AP spreads rapidly w/in the atria, but is slowed by ~0.1 sec befo ...
... Very useful during exercise, as they may contribute up to 40% of the ventricles’ volume o Shortness of breath may develop Electrical Activity Each cardiac cycle is initiated by spontaneous generation of an AP in the SA node This AP spreads rapidly w/in the atria, but is slowed by ~0.1 sec befo ...
Documentation and Coding for Cardiac Conditions
... Heart failure is a condition in which the heart is not able to pump enough oxygen-rich blood to meet the body’s needs. It typically develops after other conditions have weakened or damaged the heart. Heart Failure is considered a chronic condition and tends to develop slowly over time. However, pati ...
... Heart failure is a condition in which the heart is not able to pump enough oxygen-rich blood to meet the body’s needs. It typically develops after other conditions have weakened or damaged the heart. Heart Failure is considered a chronic condition and tends to develop slowly over time. However, pati ...
Mitral stenosis
... left side of the heart to work harder to force blood through the narrowed valve. This may lead first to left sided, and later possibly right sided, heart failure . Mitral stenosis often occurs with mitral regurgitation/insufficiency . Symptoms include shortness of breath, initially during exertion. ...
... left side of the heart to work harder to force blood through the narrowed valve. This may lead first to left sided, and later possibly right sided, heart failure . Mitral stenosis often occurs with mitral regurgitation/insufficiency . Symptoms include shortness of breath, initially during exertion. ...
Irregular Heart Beat - The Bollinger Group
... Irregular Heart Beat The heart beat is normally quite regular. Irregularity of the heart beat is called an arrhythmia. It can be felt by the individual as a palpitation or detected by checking the pulse. The irregularity may be constant or it may be intermittent or paroxysmal (comes and goes). If it ...
... Irregular Heart Beat The heart beat is normally quite regular. Irregularity of the heart beat is called an arrhythmia. It can be felt by the individual as a palpitation or detected by checking the pulse. The irregularity may be constant or it may be intermittent or paroxysmal (comes and goes). If it ...
ABLACION POR RADIOFRECUENCIA DE LA
... Post-AF ablation Long term • Patients may present left AF or AFl during the first 3 months, not associated to subsequent recurrene. • The most severe complication: atrioesophageal fistula (0.01%). It appears between the first and second week: fever, bacteriemia, leukocytosis, epigastric pain, neuro ...
... Post-AF ablation Long term • Patients may present left AF or AFl during the first 3 months, not associated to subsequent recurrene. • The most severe complication: atrioesophageal fistula (0.01%). It appears between the first and second week: fever, bacteriemia, leukocytosis, epigastric pain, neuro ...
PDF - Circulation
... resolve many uncontrolled variables when testing an antiarrhythmic drug. We agree that physiological variables should be reproduced insofar as possible since pressure-rate product is indirectly related to myocardial work. This is clearly altered with many of the antiarrhythmic drugs and may be the m ...
... resolve many uncontrolled variables when testing an antiarrhythmic drug. We agree that physiological variables should be reproduced insofar as possible since pressure-rate product is indirectly related to myocardial work. This is clearly altered with many of the antiarrhythmic drugs and may be the m ...
update - STA HealthCare Communications
... with atrial fibrillation (AF) are rhythm control, which restores sinus rhythm, or rate control, which allows persistent AF while controlling ventricular rate. Though cardiologists favour rhythm control to treat patients with atrial fibrillation, landmark trials show that older patients fare no bette ...
... with atrial fibrillation (AF) are rhythm control, which restores sinus rhythm, or rate control, which allows persistent AF while controlling ventricular rate. Though cardiologists favour rhythm control to treat patients with atrial fibrillation, landmark trials show that older patients fare no bette ...
Control of the Cardiac Cycle
... • The muscles can contract and relax rythmically even if it’s not connected to the body • The muscles of the atria and ventricles have their own natural frequency of contraction- the atrial muscle has a higher frequency (number of contractions) than the ventricular muscle • The property of the muscl ...
... • The muscles can contract and relax rythmically even if it’s not connected to the body • The muscles of the atria and ventricles have their own natural frequency of contraction- the atrial muscle has a higher frequency (number of contractions) than the ventricular muscle • The property of the muscl ...
Where are the P waves?
... any P waves? The answer depends on the clinical history, the heart rate and the regularity of the R-R intervals. Sometimes when evaluating a lead II rhythm strip ECG you don't see P waves. The differential diagnosis for this situation: •atrial standstill •atrial fibrillation •supraventricular tachyc ...
... any P waves? The answer depends on the clinical history, the heart rate and the regularity of the R-R intervals. Sometimes when evaluating a lead II rhythm strip ECG you don't see P waves. The differential diagnosis for this situation: •atrial standstill •atrial fibrillation •supraventricular tachyc ...
giant left atrial myxoma presenting with heart failure
... Figure 4) Electrocardiography of the patient revealing sinus tachycardia, right axis deviation, right ventricular hypertrophy and ventricular premature complexes and systemic organ infarction when located on the left. Interference with mitral flow mimics mitral stenosis, as in our patient, with mass ...
... Figure 4) Electrocardiography of the patient revealing sinus tachycardia, right axis deviation, right ventricular hypertrophy and ventricular premature complexes and systemic organ infarction when located on the left. Interference with mitral flow mimics mitral stenosis, as in our patient, with mass ...
The left atrium: an old `barometer` which can reveal great secrets
... contribute/accentuate LA dysfunction and reduce the contribution of the LA to LV filling/LV stroke volume (Figure 1). There is a close interdependence between LV and LA function. Left atrial reservoir function is influenced by LV contraction through the descent of LV base during systole, LA relaxati ...
... contribute/accentuate LA dysfunction and reduce the contribution of the LA to LV filling/LV stroke volume (Figure 1). There is a close interdependence between LV and LA function. Left atrial reservoir function is influenced by LV contraction through the descent of LV base during systole, LA relaxati ...
Malignant Arrhythmia as the First Manifestation of Wolff
... started 20 minutes ago. On physical examination, he was lethargic, his skin was pale and diaphoretic, his pulse was weak, irregular and tachycardic (> 160 beats/min). His arterial blood pressure was measured 70/30 mmHg and the remainder of the physical examination was within normal limits. His medic ...
... started 20 minutes ago. On physical examination, he was lethargic, his skin was pale and diaphoretic, his pulse was weak, irregular and tachycardic (> 160 beats/min). His arterial blood pressure was measured 70/30 mmHg and the remainder of the physical examination was within normal limits. His medic ...
The individual action of the heart represents one heartbeat, but the
... The cardiac impulse is initiated from the sino-atrial (SA) node located in the posterior wall of the right atrium. It is often called the pacemaker. The impulse travels through the atria walls causing both the atria to contract. (The ventricles are isolated from the atria and can not be stimulated a ...
... The cardiac impulse is initiated from the sino-atrial (SA) node located in the posterior wall of the right atrium. It is often called the pacemaker. The impulse travels through the atria walls causing both the atria to contract. (The ventricles are isolated from the atria and can not be stimulated a ...
Atrial fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation (AF or A-fib) is an abnormal heart rhythm characterized by rapid and irregular beating. Often it starts as brief periods of abnormal beating which become longer and possibly constant over time. Most episodes have no symptoms. Occasionally there may be heart palpitations, fainting, shortness of breath, or chest pain. The disease increases the risk of heart failure, dementia, and stroke.Hypertension and valvular heart disease are the most common alterable risk factors for AF. Other heart-related risk factors include heart failure, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, and congenital heart disease. In the developing world valvular heart disease often occurs as a result of rheumatic fever. Lung-related risk factors include COPD, obesity, and sleep apnea. Other factors include excess alcohol intake, diabetes mellitus, and thyrotoxicosis. However, half of cases are not associated with one of these risks. A diagnosis is made by feeling the pulse and may be confirmed using an electrocardiogram (ECG). The typical ECG shows no P waves and an irregular ventricular rate.AF is often treated with medications to slow the heart rate to a near normal range (known as rate control) or to convert the rhythm to normal sinus rhythm (known as rhythm control). Electrical cardioversion can also be used to convert AF to a normal sinus rhythm and is often used emergently if the person is unstable. Ablation may prevent recurrence in some people. Depending on the risk of stroke either aspirin or anti-clotting medications such as warfarin or a novel oral anticoagulant may be recommended. While these medications reduce this risk, they increase rates of major bleeding.Atrial fibrillation is the most common serious abnormal heart rhythm. In Europe and North America, as of 2014, it affects about 2% to 3% of the population. This is an increase from 0.4 to 1% of the population around 2005. In the developing world about 0.6% of males and 0.4% of females are affected. The percentage of people with AF increases with age with 0.14% under 50 years old, 4% between 60 and 70 years old, and 14% over 80 years old being affected. A-fib and atrial flutter resulted in 112,000 deaths in 2013, up from 29,000 in 1990. The first known report of an irregular pulse was by John Baptist Senac in 1749. This was first documented by ECG in 1909 by Thomas Lewis.