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PNS Terminology
PNS Terminology

... •therefore the NMJ is ALWAYS excitatory •the only way inhibition can take place is through the inhibition of the neuron “connecting” with the muscle –i.e. upper motor neurons ...
The Human Nervous System
The Human Nervous System

... • Neurons can also be classified by the direction that they send information. – Sensory (or afferent) neurons: send information from sensory receptors (e.g., in skin, eyes, nose, tongue, ears) TOWARD the central nervous system. – Motor (or efferent) neurons: send information AWAY from the central ne ...
Tracing Brain Pathways: Mapping the Neurons
Tracing Brain Pathways: Mapping the Neurons

Frequently asked questions Psychology 1010.06M A Biologically-Oriented
Frequently asked questions Psychology 1010.06M A Biologically-Oriented

... • traditionally thought to help you “walk and chew gum at the same time (balance and muscle coordination) • scientists now realize it’s much more diverse and sophisticated-- involved in higher cognitive tasks ...
At the crossroads of metabolism and reproduction in the brain
At the crossroads of metabolism and reproduction in the brain

... infertility is also common in obesity, suggesting that there is a finite metabolic interval wherein successful reproduction is possible (Frisch & Revelle, 1970). How does this coordination come about? An instructive clue is offered by rare human cases of leptin deficiency, who lack the adipose tissu ...
Reflexes and Homeostasis
Reflexes and Homeostasis

Motor control
Motor control

... Dynamic: translating targets into pattern of muscle movements. ...
Hourly2_2012 - (canvas.brown.edu).
Hourly2_2012 - (canvas.brown.edu).

... MULTIPLE CHOICE. Circle the letter(s) corresponding to ALL correct answers to each question. There will always be one correct answer but there may be more than one. (45 points). 1. Dr. Consuela Q. Schnitzelmeister has made a monumental breakthrough!! She has generated a transgenic mouse in which gre ...
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013368718X_CH31_483-498.indd

... Functions of the Nervous System The nervous system collects information about the body’s internal and external environment, processes that information, and responds to it. The peripheral nervous system consists of nerves and supporting cells. It collects information about the body’s internal and ext ...
ch 16 sensory motor systems
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Chp 9: NERVOUS TISSUE
Chp 9: NERVOUS TISSUE

... 1. Classification of Neurons STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION  ______________________________: have several dendrites and one axon; most in brain and spinal cord  ______________________________: have one main dendrite and one axon; retina of the eye, inner ear, olfactory area of brain  _________________ ...
Neurons and the Brain
Neurons and the Brain

Principles of Sensory Coding
Principles of Sensory Coding

... The dorsal column ML system contains only myelinated axons conveying fine touch information. The central axons give off collaterals in spinal cord with the main axon ascending via the dorsal columns to the medulla where they terminate in the dorsal column nuclei: n. gracils (trunk and legs) and n. c ...
OVERVIEW OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM:
OVERVIEW OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM:

...  Bare nerve endings and myelinated axons  fastest-conducting nociceptive afferents. 2. Thermal nociceptors Respond to extreme heat (> 45 C) or extreme cold (< 5 C). 3. Polymodal nociceptors Respond to all of the above. Responsible for toothaches. IV. PROPRIOCEPTION 2 SUBMODALITIES:  Limb-positi ...
The basic unit of computation - Zador Lab
The basic unit of computation - Zador Lab

PAPER #3: EMBARGOED PRESS RELEASE STRICTLY UNDER
PAPER #3: EMBARGOED PRESS RELEASE STRICTLY UNDER

... and the hyperactive release of dopamine. Over time, increasing activation of a key part of the extended amygdala-the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis produces a long-lasting increase in signal transmission onto neurons that produce dopamine so that the rats became desensitized to the cocaine. Sin ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

Dr. Carlos Paladini
Dr. Carlos Paladini

... signals for reinforcement learning in the brain: reward prediction error. This signal is encoded by the firing pattern of dopaminergic neurons, which controls the release of dopamine at target regions. Specifically, transient, impulsedependent release of dopamine, driven by bursts of action potentia ...
Perspective Research of Specific Neural Projection with
Perspective Research of Specific Neural Projection with

... Brain is the most complex organ of human body and the cerebral cortex is the most component of the brain. The cerebral cortex itself is divided into different regions, each containing specific neuron types. During development, these neurons project to different target region and establish the specif ...
The Nervous System Part I
The Nervous System Part I

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... The thalamus is the main input center for sensory information, all senses are sorted in the thalamus and sent to the appropriate cerebral centers The hypothalamus contains the body’s thermostat and the central biological clock; it also controls the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus also regulates hu ...
Nervous System - science
Nervous System - science

... nerves that your go from spinal the cord called central spinal nervous nerves. to system Spinal your nerves are skeletal made up of muscles. bundles of The sensory autonomic and motor system neurons controls bound involuntary together by actionsconnective those not tissue. For under this conscious R ...
From swimming to walking with a salamander robot
From swimming to walking with a salamander robot

... demonstrates how a primitive neural circuit for swimming can be extended by phylogenetically more recent limb oscillatory centers to explain the ability of salamanders to switch between swimming and walking. The model suggests neural mechanisms for modulation of velocity, direction, and type of gait ...
The Reflex Arc - Science with Glee
The Reflex Arc - Science with Glee

Reflex Arc
Reflex Arc

... Provide sensory information about the state of muscle contraction, the position of limbs, and body posture and balance ...
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Central pattern generator

Central pattern generators (CPGs) are biological neural networks that produce rhythmic patterned outputs without sensory feedback. CPGs have been shown to produce rhythmic outputs resembling normal ""rhythmic motor pattern production"" even in isolation from motor and sensory feedback from limbs and other muscle targets. To be classified as a rhythmic generator, a CPG requires:1. ""two or more processes that interact such that each process sequentially increases and decreases, and 2. that, as a result of this interaction, the system repeatedly returns to its starting condition.
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