University of Groningen Archaeal type IV prepilin-like signal
... by energy-utilizing soluble components, such as SecA in bacteria (Figure 2A). Whereas the bacterial and eukaryotic Sec pathways have been characterized extensively, little is known about this process in archaea. However, in silico analysis of archaeal genomes indicates a mosaic-like structure of the ...
... by energy-utilizing soluble components, such as SecA in bacteria (Figure 2A). Whereas the bacterial and eukaryotic Sec pathways have been characterized extensively, little is known about this process in archaea. However, in silico analysis of archaeal genomes indicates a mosaic-like structure of the ...
DNA. Structures of bacteria
... rigid part , mucopeptide composed of alternating strands of N- acetyl muramic acid and N- acetyle glucosamine linked with peptide sub units. ...
... rigid part , mucopeptide composed of alternating strands of N- acetyl muramic acid and N- acetyle glucosamine linked with peptide sub units. ...
Practical applications of Antibiotics - KSU - Home
... Semisynthetic penicillins were first used in 1959. A mold produces the main part of the molecule, which is then altered chemically. These antibiotics are usually constructed to have certain advantages over natural penicillins. Some types of semisynthetic penicillin: • Amoxycillin and Ampicillin are ...
... Semisynthetic penicillins were first used in 1959. A mold produces the main part of the molecule, which is then altered chemically. These antibiotics are usually constructed to have certain advantages over natural penicillins. Some types of semisynthetic penicillin: • Amoxycillin and Ampicillin are ...
Math 161 Exponential and Logarithmic Functions Worksheet Find (f
... 13. In 1623, Peter Minuit of the Dutch West India Company purchased Manhattan Island from the Native Americans for $24. Assuming an exponential rate of inflation of 5.4% per year, how much is Manhattan worth this year? 14. The total number of states in the U.S. that have passed mandatory seat beat l ...
... 13. In 1623, Peter Minuit of the Dutch West India Company purchased Manhattan Island from the Native Americans for $24. Assuming an exponential rate of inflation of 5.4% per year, how much is Manhattan worth this year? 14. The total number of states in the U.S. that have passed mandatory seat beat l ...
Lesson 1: Functions of Cell Membranes
... between two watery areas such as the cell cytoplasm and the extracellular fluid. ...
... between two watery areas such as the cell cytoplasm and the extracellular fluid. ...
Bacteria Poster Questions
... 3. Some bacteria are said to be Gram negative (G-), and others are said to be Gram positive (G+). (a) Is there a difference in colour between G- and G+ bacteria? If so what is the colour difference? (b) Using the internet write a definition for G- and G+ bacteria. 4. (a) Make a sketch of a bacterium ...
... 3. Some bacteria are said to be Gram negative (G-), and others are said to be Gram positive (G+). (a) Is there a difference in colour between G- and G+ bacteria? If so what is the colour difference? (b) Using the internet write a definition for G- and G+ bacteria. 4. (a) Make a sketch of a bacterium ...
Chapter 18 Archaebacteria and Eubacteria
... Pathogenic Bacteria – disease-causing bacteria • Pathogen – an organism that causes disease • Produce toxins • Damage host’s tissues • Enter through openings in body (via air, food, water) ...
... Pathogenic Bacteria – disease-causing bacteria • Pathogen – an organism that causes disease • Produce toxins • Damage host’s tissues • Enter through openings in body (via air, food, water) ...
Document
... It is the process in which ATP is formed, due to the transfer of electrons from NADH or FADH2 to O2 by a series of electron carriers in the inner membrane of the mitochondria ...
... It is the process in which ATP is formed, due to the transfer of electrons from NADH or FADH2 to O2 by a series of electron carriers in the inner membrane of the mitochondria ...
Significance of microbiology in doctor`s practical activity
... Heterotroph – must obtain carbon in an organic form made by other living organisms such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids Autotroph - an organism that uses CO2, an inorganic gas as its carbon source ...
... Heterotroph – must obtain carbon in an organic form made by other living organisms such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids Autotroph - an organism that uses CO2, an inorganic gas as its carbon source ...
- University of East Anglia
... without penalizing overhanging ends). Inserted residues (including those in overhanging ends) in both aligned sequences are excised as shown in Figure 1B. Then, in the final stage, atoms in each aligned residue are themselves aligned (by PDB atom name using an identity matrix and gap penalty of 0) ...
... without penalizing overhanging ends). Inserted residues (including those in overhanging ends) in both aligned sequences are excised as shown in Figure 1B. Then, in the final stage, atoms in each aligned residue are themselves aligned (by PDB atom name using an identity matrix and gap penalty of 0) ...
Bacterial Structure and Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Action
... MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS • Inhibition of cell wall synthesis • Inhibition of protein synthesis • Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis • Inhibition of metabolic pathways • Interference with cell membrane integrity ...
... MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS • Inhibition of cell wall synthesis • Inhibition of protein synthesis • Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis • Inhibition of metabolic pathways • Interference with cell membrane integrity ...
Disparate proteins use similar architectures to damage membranes
... Finding membrane-binding domains among the crowd The simple rules that apply to peptides do not enable us to identify which of the many structures with complex folds and topologies also bind membranes. For example, when the protein structure of the colicin pore-forming domain was first revealed by X ...
... Finding membrane-binding domains among the crowd The simple rules that apply to peptides do not enable us to identify which of the many structures with complex folds and topologies also bind membranes. For example, when the protein structure of the colicin pore-forming domain was first revealed by X ...
Case 3: From India to Canada
... * Upregulated by PGE2 and IL-3 * Downregulated by IFN-gamma * Mannose receptors on macrophages bind to mannose residues via LAM (bacteria is internalized) * Complement receptors 1,3, and 4 on macrophages bind to bacteria coated with complement proteins * FCγ receptors on macrophages bind to IgG upon ...
... * Upregulated by PGE2 and IL-3 * Downregulated by IFN-gamma * Mannose receptors on macrophages bind to mannose residues via LAM (bacteria is internalized) * Complement receptors 1,3, and 4 on macrophages bind to bacteria coated with complement proteins * FCγ receptors on macrophages bind to IgG upon ...
Gene Section RSPO1 (R-spondin homolog (Xenopus laevis)) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... codon after ten amino acid residues, predicted to lead to abolition of all RSPO1 isoforms. However, the second mutation, a 2752 bp deletion including exon 4, leads to a shorter mRNA that may translate to a putative, shorter protein lacking the signal peptide and first furin domain. In situ hybridiza ...
... codon after ten amino acid residues, predicted to lead to abolition of all RSPO1 isoforms. However, the second mutation, a 2752 bp deletion including exon 4, leads to a shorter mRNA that may translate to a putative, shorter protein lacking the signal peptide and first furin domain. In situ hybridiza ...
Document
... • 3. Avoiding phagocytosis – Capsule production on surface of bacteria: capsule leads to C3b inactivation-”serum resistance” – M protein of Streptococcus: also inactivates C3b – Fc receptors: bind antibodies and orient dangerous end away from bacteria • Found in Streptococcus (Protein G) and Staphyl ...
... • 3. Avoiding phagocytosis – Capsule production on surface of bacteria: capsule leads to C3b inactivation-”serum resistance” – M protein of Streptococcus: also inactivates C3b – Fc receptors: bind antibodies and orient dangerous end away from bacteria • Found in Streptococcus (Protein G) and Staphyl ...
Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
... ex. S. mutans, S. pneumoniae, B. anthracis – Slime layer – unorganized, ______ attached to cell wall • FUNCTION – Capsules protect against _____________ – Protection against dehydration – Slime layers – play role in attachment and production of ______________ ...
... ex. S. mutans, S. pneumoniae, B. anthracis – Slime layer – unorganized, ______ attached to cell wall • FUNCTION – Capsules protect against _____________ – Protection against dehydration – Slime layers – play role in attachment and production of ______________ ...
Poster
... to thousands of humans annually. TeNT is produced by the bacterium, Clostridium tetani, an anaerobic bacterium usually found as spores in soil. C. tetani often infects humans through open wounds where the bacterium colonizes the infected tissues. There are two domains of TeNT: the A domain possesses ...
... to thousands of humans annually. TeNT is produced by the bacterium, Clostridium tetani, an anaerobic bacterium usually found as spores in soil. C. tetani often infects humans through open wounds where the bacterium colonizes the infected tissues. There are two domains of TeNT: the A domain possesses ...
1 INTRODUCTION I Bacterial Morphology and Classification
... The term “cocco-bacillary” refers to rods which appear very short or ovoid (Pasteurella multocida often appears in this form). ...
... The term “cocco-bacillary” refers to rods which appear very short or ovoid (Pasteurella multocida often appears in this form). ...
A CHASE domain containing protein kinase OsCRL4
... responses (Kakimoto, 1996) and that a set of response regulators of two-component systems can be induced by cytokinin (Brandstatter and Kieber, 1998; Sakakibara et al., 1998). Two-component systems use a histidine kinase as an environmental sensor and rely on a phosphorelay for signal transduction. ...
... responses (Kakimoto, 1996) and that a set of response regulators of two-component systems can be induced by cytokinin (Brandstatter and Kieber, 1998; Sakakibara et al., 1998). Two-component systems use a histidine kinase as an environmental sensor and rely on a phosphorelay for signal transduction. ...
Micro Notes
... All viruses are _parasites_____, meaning they require a living host and they cause harm to that host. 1. Herpesvirus – Group of viruses that are _ubiquitous__ and have many forms. Results in lifelong infections, although virus can move back and forth from _lytic___ to _lysogenic__ cycle. Group inclu ...
... All viruses are _parasites_____, meaning they require a living host and they cause harm to that host. 1. Herpesvirus – Group of viruses that are _ubiquitous__ and have many forms. Results in lifelong infections, although virus can move back and forth from _lytic___ to _lysogenic__ cycle. Group inclu ...
Trimeric autotransporter adhesin
In molecular biology, trimeric autotransporter adhesins (TAAs), are proteins found on the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Bacteria use TAAs in order to infect their host cells via a process called cell adhesion. TAAs also go by another name, oligomeric coiled-coil adhesins, which is shortened to OCAs. In essence, they are virulence factors, factors that make the bacteria harmful and infective to the host organism.TAAs are just one of many methods bacteria use to infect their hosts, infection resulting in diseases such as pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis. Most bacteria infect their host through a method named the secretion pathway. TAAs are part of the secretion pathway, to be more specific the type Vc secretion system.Trimeric autotransporter adhesins have a unique structure. The structure they hold is crucial to their function. They all appear to have a head-stalk-anchor structure. Each TAA is made up of three identical proteins, hence the name trimeric. Once the membrane anchor has been inserted into the outer membrane, the passenger domain passes through it into the host extracellular environment autonomously, hence the description of autotransporter. The head domain, once assembled, then adheres to an element of the host extracellular matrix, for example, collagen, fibronectin, etc.