ANATOMY OF BACTERIA CELL
... Forssman antigen. Gram positive cells stain purple due to retention of the crystal violet dye during the Gram stain procedure. If peptidoglycan is digested away from the cell, gram positive cells lose their cell walls and become protoplasts while the gram negative cells become spheroplasts. In some ...
... Forssman antigen. Gram positive cells stain purple due to retention of the crystal violet dye during the Gram stain procedure. If peptidoglycan is digested away from the cell, gram positive cells lose their cell walls and become protoplasts while the gram negative cells become spheroplasts. In some ...
Topic Number Nine-Antibiotics mode of action and mechanisms of
... The ESBLs are mutant forms of TEM-1, TEM-2 and SHV-1 enzymes. The ESBLs often differ from the original enzymes by only one to a few changes in their amino acid sequences. ESBLs are enzymes that mediate resistance to extended-spectrum (third generation) cephalosporins (e.g., ceftazidime, cefotaxi ...
... The ESBLs are mutant forms of TEM-1, TEM-2 and SHV-1 enzymes. The ESBLs often differ from the original enzymes by only one to a few changes in their amino acid sequences. ESBLs are enzymes that mediate resistance to extended-spectrum (third generation) cephalosporins (e.g., ceftazidime, cefotaxi ...
Bacteria - GEOCITIES.ws
... • asexual binary fission (binary=2, fission=split), means to split in two; no meiosis or mitosis because no nucleus • sexual conjugation: 2 bacteria share genetic information Bacteria live in environments both with oxygen (aerobic) and w/out oxygen (anaerobic); some can live in both • Archaebacter ...
... • asexual binary fission (binary=2, fission=split), means to split in two; no meiosis or mitosis because no nucleus • sexual conjugation: 2 bacteria share genetic information Bacteria live in environments both with oxygen (aerobic) and w/out oxygen (anaerobic); some can live in both • Archaebacter ...
Microbiology: Bacterial Structure and Physiology I pg. 1 Jenny
... In Eubacteria, because the membrane is the only interface with the outside world, it has many functions. Mycoplasma is a type of bacteria that causes walking pneumonia. Eukaryotes can have cell walls, just not with peptidoglycan. Mycoplasma take sterols from the host, i.e. they don't synthesize them ...
... In Eubacteria, because the membrane is the only interface with the outside world, it has many functions. Mycoplasma is a type of bacteria that causes walking pneumonia. Eukaryotes can have cell walls, just not with peptidoglycan. Mycoplasma take sterols from the host, i.e. they don't synthesize them ...
Legionella
... Eventually, the cell is destroyed, releasing a new generation of microbes to infect other cells. The symptoms of Legionella infection undoubtedly result from a combination of physical interference with oxygenation of blood, ventilation-perfusion imbalance in the remaining lung tissue, and release of ...
... Eventually, the cell is destroyed, releasing a new generation of microbes to infect other cells. The symptoms of Legionella infection undoubtedly result from a combination of physical interference with oxygenation of blood, ventilation-perfusion imbalance in the remaining lung tissue, and release of ...
Review Questions
... i. Glycerol (give 3 different biological roles from the lectures/book) 6. Gram negative bacteria have unique transport problems, given the structure of their cell wall. Give two ways that they overcome these problems. 7. Describe the periplasm. 8. Discuss 2 chemical ways in which Archaeal and Bacter ...
... i. Glycerol (give 3 different biological roles from the lectures/book) 6. Gram negative bacteria have unique transport problems, given the structure of their cell wall. Give two ways that they overcome these problems. 7. Describe the periplasm. 8. Discuss 2 chemical ways in which Archaeal and Bacter ...
part 1
... • Does not necessarily generate physical superimposition • Instead structural similarity measure based on internal structural statistic for each protein chain • Based on building and comparing distance matrices for the structures • For example matrix A of all Cα distances in protein A and matrix B f ...
... • Does not necessarily generate physical superimposition • Instead structural similarity measure based on internal structural statistic for each protein chain • Based on building and comparing distance matrices for the structures • For example matrix A of all Cα distances in protein A and matrix B f ...
Lesson 3Control of Microbial Growth
... – Taken into the plasma membrane and abrogates permeability – Binds to DNA thus affecting transcription ...
... – Taken into the plasma membrane and abrogates permeability – Binds to DNA thus affecting transcription ...
The Biotechnology Century and Its Workforce
... gram-positive cocci. gram-negative rods. gram-positive, endospore-forming rods. gram-negative, nitrogen-fixing bacteria. all of the above ...
... gram-positive cocci. gram-negative rods. gram-positive, endospore-forming rods. gram-negative, nitrogen-fixing bacteria. all of the above ...
Protein translocation pathways across the inner and outer
... extends an N-terminal domain of ~85 amino acid residues into cytosol and has a single transmembrane segment and a smaller C-terminal domain (~45 residues) facing the intermembrane space. Tom40 protein appears to be deeply embedded in the outer membrane of mitochondria, although it does not have ...
... extends an N-terminal domain of ~85 amino acid residues into cytosol and has a single transmembrane segment and a smaller C-terminal domain (~45 residues) facing the intermembrane space. Tom40 protein appears to be deeply embedded in the outer membrane of mitochondria, although it does not have ...
the ultrastructure of prokaryotic
... and related polymastigotes (Ball, 1969; Cleveland & Grimstone, 1964; Kirby, 1941a, b, 1942a, b, 1945, 1949)- The best-known example is the regular attachment of spirochaetes and rod bacteria to specialized surface structures of Mixotricha paradoxa, a flagellate from Mastotermes darwiniensis; the coo ...
... and related polymastigotes (Ball, 1969; Cleveland & Grimstone, 1964; Kirby, 1941a, b, 1942a, b, 1945, 1949)- The best-known example is the regular attachment of spirochaetes and rod bacteria to specialized surface structures of Mixotricha paradoxa, a flagellate from Mastotermes darwiniensis; the coo ...
RED HERRING | Bacteria Talk and Manipulate
... Finally, Dr. Xavier mixed E. coli with the bacterial species that causes cholera and would naturally mix with it in a ...
... Finally, Dr. Xavier mixed E. coli with the bacterial species that causes cholera and would naturally mix with it in a ...
Why Don't Antibiotics Work on Viruses?
... swollen tonsils and lymph nodes, white or yellow spots on the back of a bright red throat • transmission usually by air-born bacteria • incubation period prior to symptoms 2-5 days Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2008 President and Fellows of Harvard ...
... swollen tonsils and lymph nodes, white or yellow spots on the back of a bright red throat • transmission usually by air-born bacteria • incubation period prior to symptoms 2-5 days Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2008 President and Fellows of Harvard ...
Sept2_Lecture3
... (pneumonia, bacterial meningitis) -Clostridium spp.(anaerobic, spores resist boiling; causes botulism, gas gangrene, tetanus, among other pathologies) -Lactobacillus (on a more friendly note, fermenting agent for making yoghurt) ...
... (pneumonia, bacterial meningitis) -Clostridium spp.(anaerobic, spores resist boiling; causes botulism, gas gangrene, tetanus, among other pathologies) -Lactobacillus (on a more friendly note, fermenting agent for making yoghurt) ...
Table S4: Domains present in a network region characterized by
... This family of proteins with unknown function appear to be restricted to Cyanobacteria. Some members are annotated as membrane proteins however this cannot be confirmed. This family of proteins with unknown function appears to be restricted to Cyanobacteria. This family of proteins has no known func ...
... This family of proteins with unknown function appear to be restricted to Cyanobacteria. Some members are annotated as membrane proteins however this cannot be confirmed. This family of proteins with unknown function appears to be restricted to Cyanobacteria. This family of proteins has no known func ...
ASAP1 Antibody (Center)
... ASAP1 Antibody (Center) - Background Possesses phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate-dependent GTPase-activating protein activity for ARF1 (ADP ribosylation factor 1) and ARF5 and a lesser activity towards ARF6. May coordinate membrane trafficking with cell growth or actin cytoskeleton remodeling by ...
... ASAP1 Antibody (Center) - Background Possesses phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate-dependent GTPase-activating protein activity for ARF1 (ADP ribosylation factor 1) and ARF5 and a lesser activity towards ARF6. May coordinate membrane trafficking with cell growth or actin cytoskeleton remodeling by ...
Pathogenic Mechanisms
... (commensals); usually bacteria • bacteriocins - proteins secreted by the indigenous flora that inhibit the growth of other bacteria • competitive deletion of essential nutrients • production of toxic by-products – genitourinary tract - at menarche, tissues of vagina and cervix become populated with ...
... (commensals); usually bacteria • bacteriocins - proteins secreted by the indigenous flora that inhibit the growth of other bacteria • competitive deletion of essential nutrients • production of toxic by-products – genitourinary tract - at menarche, tissues of vagina and cervix become populated with ...
Cell wall
... • Providing a platform for surface appendages such as flagella and pili. • Providing a pathogenic function to adhere host cells (For gram-positive bacteria, the major adhesin is teichoic acids. For Gram-negative bacteria, the major adhesin is pili and some of outer mambrane proteins). • Playing an e ...
... • Providing a platform for surface appendages such as flagella and pili. • Providing a pathogenic function to adhere host cells (For gram-positive bacteria, the major adhesin is teichoic acids. For Gram-negative bacteria, the major adhesin is pili and some of outer mambrane proteins). • Playing an e ...
Prokaryotes and Metabolic Diversity
... 1. Find the same pathogen in each victim 2. Isolate the pathogen & grow it in pure culture 3. Induce the disease in a healthy individual from culture 4. Isolate the same pathogen after disease occurs ...
... 1. Find the same pathogen in each victim 2. Isolate the pathogen & grow it in pure culture 3. Induce the disease in a healthy individual from culture 4. Isolate the same pathogen after disease occurs ...
40. Motility I
... Most prokaryotic mechanisms apply force outside cell membrane: 1. Swimming - prokaryotic flagella 2. Corkscrewing - endoflagella in spirochetes 3. Gliding - nonswimming movement across solid surfaces Few prokaryotic mechanisms apply force inside the cell: ...
... Most prokaryotic mechanisms apply force outside cell membrane: 1. Swimming - prokaryotic flagella 2. Corkscrewing - endoflagella in spirochetes 3. Gliding - nonswimming movement across solid surfaces Few prokaryotic mechanisms apply force inside the cell: ...
Protein 4.1, a component of the erythrocyte membrane skeleton and
... with both proteins can be modulated by various factors, such as the binding of calmodulin-Ca2+ to protein 4.1R [92, 129] or the phosphorylation of protein 4.1R [59, 103]. In the presence of Ca2+, calmodulin reduces the affinity of protein 4.1R for the spectrin-actin complex and decreases the membran ...
... with both proteins can be modulated by various factors, such as the binding of calmodulin-Ca2+ to protein 4.1R [92, 129] or the phosphorylation of protein 4.1R [59, 103]. In the presence of Ca2+, calmodulin reduces the affinity of protein 4.1R for the spectrin-actin complex and decreases the membran ...
Prokaryotes
... 3. Why is it difficult to devise a realistic phylogeny for prokaryotes? Bacteria are very small, so hard to deal with. It is hard to find fossil record for bacteria. It is difficult to study the molecular biology of prokaryotes. ...
... 3. Why is it difficult to devise a realistic phylogeny for prokaryotes? Bacteria are very small, so hard to deal with. It is hard to find fossil record for bacteria. It is difficult to study the molecular biology of prokaryotes. ...
Trimeric autotransporter adhesin
In molecular biology, trimeric autotransporter adhesins (TAAs), are proteins found on the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Bacteria use TAAs in order to infect their host cells via a process called cell adhesion. TAAs also go by another name, oligomeric coiled-coil adhesins, which is shortened to OCAs. In essence, they are virulence factors, factors that make the bacteria harmful and infective to the host organism.TAAs are just one of many methods bacteria use to infect their hosts, infection resulting in diseases such as pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis. Most bacteria infect their host through a method named the secretion pathway. TAAs are part of the secretion pathway, to be more specific the type Vc secretion system.Trimeric autotransporter adhesins have a unique structure. The structure they hold is crucial to their function. They all appear to have a head-stalk-anchor structure. Each TAA is made up of three identical proteins, hence the name trimeric. Once the membrane anchor has been inserted into the outer membrane, the passenger domain passes through it into the host extracellular environment autonomously, hence the description of autotransporter. The head domain, once assembled, then adheres to an element of the host extracellular matrix, for example, collagen, fibronectin, etc.