Bios 302 FINAL FOR 1999.
... should be indicated). i.e. you do not have to show the complete pathways, just where they start and end if you give the name of the pathway. 11. (20 pts) Illustrate the possible fates of glucose 6-P in the liver and what functions these fates support. Illustrate how fructose 2,6-bisphosphate and cAM ...
... should be indicated). i.e. you do not have to show the complete pathways, just where they start and end if you give the name of the pathway. 11. (20 pts) Illustrate the possible fates of glucose 6-P in the liver and what functions these fates support. Illustrate how fructose 2,6-bisphosphate and cAM ...
Endosymbiotic Hypothesis (Endosymbiosis)
... Some of these smaller ones survived inside. The smaller ones inside evolved to become mitochondria or chloroplasts. ...
... Some of these smaller ones survived inside. The smaller ones inside evolved to become mitochondria or chloroplasts. ...
Document
... – single centriole migrates to plasma membrane to form basal body of cilia or flagella – two microtubules of each triplet elongate to form the nine pairs of the axoneme ...
... – single centriole migrates to plasma membrane to form basal body of cilia or flagella – two microtubules of each triplet elongate to form the nine pairs of the axoneme ...
The smallest known eukaryotic genomes encode a protein gene
... three chromosomes contain r R N A gene clusters (Eschbach et al. 1991) whose transcripts are found in 80S ribosomes (McFadden 1990). These data suggest the presence of a functional genetic apparatus in the eukaryotic endosymbiont compartment, responsible for the expression of symbiont-specific prote ...
... three chromosomes contain r R N A gene clusters (Eschbach et al. 1991) whose transcripts are found in 80S ribosomes (McFadden 1990). These data suggest the presence of a functional genetic apparatus in the eukaryotic endosymbiont compartment, responsible for the expression of symbiont-specific prote ...
Symmetry in Protein Structures
... cell membrane. Figure 2 shows ATP synthase which is a membrane protein that makes ATP from the energy of proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane. Since the transmembrane part (cylinder part in the figure) of ATP synthase has cyclic symmetry, they are all oriented in the same direction perp ...
... cell membrane. Figure 2 shows ATP synthase which is a membrane protein that makes ATP from the energy of proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane. Since the transmembrane part (cylinder part in the figure) of ATP synthase has cyclic symmetry, they are all oriented in the same direction perp ...
Harvesting energy (Chapter 7)
... Oxidation of pyruvate • Acetyl-CoA has a central role in metabolism • Not only are sugars broken down to acetyl-CoA, but fats are also broken down to it. In addition, some amino acids in proteins also get broken down into acetyl-CoA ...
... Oxidation of pyruvate • Acetyl-CoA has a central role in metabolism • Not only are sugars broken down to acetyl-CoA, but fats are also broken down to it. In addition, some amino acids in proteins also get broken down into acetyl-CoA ...
Cell Membranes
... cell uses no energy molecules move randomly Molecules spread out from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. ...
... cell uses no energy molecules move randomly Molecules spread out from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. ...
In this essay you should have written it as two
... occurs in the central liquid matrix of the mitochondrion 3C Pyruvic acid is converted to 2C Acetyl which binds to CoA Carbon is lost as CO2 H2 released is bound to NAD to form NADH2 A 4C compound joins with the Acetyl CoA to form citric acid (6C) CoA is released to be used again Citric acid is conve ...
... occurs in the central liquid matrix of the mitochondrion 3C Pyruvic acid is converted to 2C Acetyl which binds to CoA Carbon is lost as CO2 H2 released is bound to NAD to form NADH2 A 4C compound joins with the Acetyl CoA to form citric acid (6C) CoA is released to be used again Citric acid is conve ...
Unit 6 - Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
... 8. Describe the roles of pigments, chlorophyll and light in photosynthesis. Topic 3: Photosynthesis details (8-3) 9. Draw and label a diagram of the chloroplast, including the location and structure of the stroma, grana, thylakoids, and photosystems. 10. Explain the job of an electron carrier, speci ...
... 8. Describe the roles of pigments, chlorophyll and light in photosynthesis. Topic 3: Photosynthesis details (8-3) 9. Draw and label a diagram of the chloroplast, including the location and structure of the stroma, grana, thylakoids, and photosystems. 10. Explain the job of an electron carrier, speci ...
Document
... Electron Transport and ATP Synthesis The electron transport chain uses the high-energy electrons from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP. The electron carriers produced during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle bring high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain. Oxygen is th ...
... Electron Transport and ATP Synthesis The electron transport chain uses the high-energy electrons from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP. The electron carriers produced during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle bring high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain. Oxygen is th ...
Membrane transport
... link'. b, The ion channel that mediates the conversion of sound or movement into electrical signals is located at one (and possibly both) ends of the tip link, which is shown here as a relatively stiff connection. The channel pore through which calcium (Ca2+) and potassium (K+) ions are transported ...
... link'. b, The ion channel that mediates the conversion of sound or movement into electrical signals is located at one (and possibly both) ends of the tip link, which is shown here as a relatively stiff connection. The channel pore through which calcium (Ca2+) and potassium (K+) ions are transported ...
IB BIO II Cell Respiration Van Roekel Cell Respiration Review
... Collection of molecule embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane that are oxidized and reduced to provide energy for chemiosmosis and oxidative phosphorylation. 2. What molecules are electron carriers? NADH and FADH2 are electron carriers that donate their electrons from glycolysis, the link reac ...
... Collection of molecule embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane that are oxidized and reduced to provide energy for chemiosmosis and oxidative phosphorylation. 2. What molecules are electron carriers? NADH and FADH2 are electron carriers that donate their electrons from glycolysis, the link reac ...
Complex Lipids
... Hydrophobic tails point towards each other Hydrophilic heads point out from each other enabling them to be close to water. Membranes have liquid like characteristics because the unsaturated fatty acids prevent tight packing in the lipid bilayer. An important component of a membrane is cholesterol. C ...
... Hydrophobic tails point towards each other Hydrophilic heads point out from each other enabling them to be close to water. Membranes have liquid like characteristics because the unsaturated fatty acids prevent tight packing in the lipid bilayer. An important component of a membrane is cholesterol. C ...
Cellular Respiration
... F1 motor of ATP synthase uses the power of rotational motion to build ATP. Left conformation is the one connected with ADP binding. Right conformation is connected with ATP release. ...
... F1 motor of ATP synthase uses the power of rotational motion to build ATP. Left conformation is the one connected with ADP binding. Right conformation is connected with ATP release. ...
The use of isotope-coded affinity tags (ICAT)
... proteins that were of unknown location were identified, as well as six non-chloroplast contaminants from the ER (endoplasmic reticulum), mitochondria and cytosol. These results demonstrate that highly enriched chloroplasts can be obtained. However, as the isolation of a pure thylakoid lumen fraction ...
... proteins that were of unknown location were identified, as well as six non-chloroplast contaminants from the ER (endoplasmic reticulum), mitochondria and cytosol. These results demonstrate that highly enriched chloroplasts can be obtained. However, as the isolation of a pure thylakoid lumen fraction ...
Lecture Power Point
... •It is a chemical reaction between an electron donor (such as NADH) and an electron acceptor (such as O2) to the transfer of H+ ions across a membrane. •These H+ ions are used to produce ATP, as they move back across the membrane. ...
... •It is a chemical reaction between an electron donor (such as NADH) and an electron acceptor (such as O2) to the transfer of H+ ions across a membrane. •These H+ ions are used to produce ATP, as they move back across the membrane. ...
energy - Wsfcs
... 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy (sun) C6H12O6 + 6 O2 The process by which glucose (and other food) molecules are broken down and their stored energy released (i.e. breaking down food to yield energy) is known as CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ...
... 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy (sun) C6H12O6 + 6 O2 The process by which glucose (and other food) molecules are broken down and their stored energy released (i.e. breaking down food to yield energy) is known as CELLULAR RESPIRATION. ...
Essential Concept of Metabolism
... Electron transport is the transfer of eklectrons to oxygen (the final electron acceptor). Oxidative phosphorylation involves the electron transport chain for ATP synthesis and is a membrane-regulated process not directly related to the metabolism of specific substrates Fate of electrons: 1. Electron ...
... Electron transport is the transfer of eklectrons to oxygen (the final electron acceptor). Oxidative phosphorylation involves the electron transport chain for ATP synthesis and is a membrane-regulated process not directly related to the metabolism of specific substrates Fate of electrons: 1. Electron ...
Black-Chapter 5 – Essential Concept of Metabolism
... Molecular oxygen is final acceptor for electrons and hydrogen:produces relatively large amount of ATP; ex. many bacteria, fungi, protozoa and animals. In anaeroboic , the metabolic reactions involve the same three steps as for aerobic respiration, but does not use molecular oxygen as the final elect ...
... Molecular oxygen is final acceptor for electrons and hydrogen:produces relatively large amount of ATP; ex. many bacteria, fungi, protozoa and animals. In anaeroboic , the metabolic reactions involve the same three steps as for aerobic respiration, but does not use molecular oxygen as the final elect ...
Cell Energy (Photosynthesis and Respiration) Notes
... Examples: plants + some microorganisms (bacteria and protists) ...
... Examples: plants + some microorganisms (bacteria and protists) ...
Light-independent reactions - Mrs Jones A
... reactions involved do not need light to occur, and so technically can take place without light. However, the products (ATP and reduced NADP) of the light-dependent reactions are required, and so in practice, these reactions will not continue for very long without light, as the light-dependent stage ...
... reactions involved do not need light to occur, and so technically can take place without light. However, the products (ATP and reduced NADP) of the light-dependent reactions are required, and so in practice, these reactions will not continue for very long without light, as the light-dependent stage ...
Lecture 6 Thurs 4-13-06
... The Plasma Membrane: 3. Mechanisms for transport of macromolecules, cont. B. Endocytosis, cont.: 3. Ubiquitin-mediated endoctyosis (UME): Ubiquitin: 76 aa protein that gets conjugated to substrate proteins Poly-ubiquitination targets proteins for degradation by proteasome. Mono-ubiquitination acts ...
... The Plasma Membrane: 3. Mechanisms for transport of macromolecules, cont. B. Endocytosis, cont.: 3. Ubiquitin-mediated endoctyosis (UME): Ubiquitin: 76 aa protein that gets conjugated to substrate proteins Poly-ubiquitination targets proteins for degradation by proteasome. Mono-ubiquitination acts ...
Thylakoid
A thylakoid is a membrane-bound compartment inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. They are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Thylakoids consist of a thylakoid membrane surrounding a thylakoid lumen. Chloroplast thylakoids frequently form stacks of disks referred to as grana (singular: granum). Grana are connected by intergranal or stroma thylakoids, which join granum stacks together as a single functional compartment.