Working for the economy: The economic case for trade unions
... The logic is simple: wages and salaries have a dual role. As well as posing a cost to businesses, wages paid to labour also provide a market demand for output, hence higher consumption. Recognising that rising wages produce larger markets can also lead to increased investment (and therefore economic ...
... The logic is simple: wages and salaries have a dual role. As well as posing a cost to businesses, wages paid to labour also provide a market demand for output, hence higher consumption. Recognising that rising wages produce larger markets can also lead to increased investment (and therefore economic ...
LAND PRICES AND UNEMPLOYMENT
... The goal of this paper is to deliver a structural analysis of dynamic links between land prices and unemployment and to establish the empirical relevance of this analysis. We focus on land prices because fluctuations of house prices are largely driven by those of land prices (Davis and Heathcote (20 ...
... The goal of this paper is to deliver a structural analysis of dynamic links between land prices and unemployment and to establish the empirical relevance of this analysis. We focus on land prices because fluctuations of house prices are largely driven by those of land prices (Davis and Heathcote (20 ...
Liberating Workers: The World Pension
... wealth, and workers would place a higher value on strong property rights and the rule of law. Above all, workers would find a new dimension of freedom and dignity in their lives. ...
... wealth, and workers would place a higher value on strong property rights and the rule of law. Above all, workers would find a new dimension of freedom and dignity in their lives. ...
The comparative statics of effective demand
... The second line of Table 1 lists the production function as well as Z and D for the second set of assumptions, and Figure 2 shows the result of the simulation. The Z curve moves down. Its slope is now the inverse of 0.75, so it is flatter than before. The D curve moves up because every unit of emplo ...
... The second line of Table 1 lists the production function as well as Z and D for the second set of assumptions, and Figure 2 shows the result of the simulation. The Z curve moves down. Its slope is now the inverse of 0.75, so it is flatter than before. The D curve moves up because every unit of emplo ...
Western Union Econ Impact Remittances 012115
... among recipients. A pessimistic view is that potential workers decide to simply remain home rather than work. A more realistic view is that remittance recipients who are young use the funds to stop working and attend school, or to spend more time raising their children. Older workers may stop workin ...
... among recipients. A pessimistic view is that potential workers decide to simply remain home rather than work. A more realistic view is that remittance recipients who are young use the funds to stop working and attend school, or to spend more time raising their children. Older workers may stop workin ...
Greece : National Report
... advantageous as it may be for certain type of firms, it may also well exacerbate social inequalities and phenomena of marginalisation. This has in many cases created tensions between employers and employees’ associations and has contributed to a debate on the “limits to flexibility”. In addition, it ...
... advantageous as it may be for certain type of firms, it may also well exacerbate social inequalities and phenomena of marginalisation. This has in many cases created tensions between employers and employees’ associations and has contributed to a debate on the “limits to flexibility”. In addition, it ...
No. 37: Social Reforms. The Funding of
... is also important – in poorer CIS countries they have demanded targeting in return for financial assistance. Although targeting is limited at the national level, there have been attempts to introduce means-testing at the regional level. Individual regions are now responsible for most benefits granted ...
... is also important – in poorer CIS countries they have demanded targeting in return for financial assistance. Although targeting is limited at the national level, there have been attempts to introduce means-testing at the regional level. Individual regions are now responsible for most benefits granted ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES OKUN’S LAW Menzie D. Chinn
... context, disentangling structural and cyclical employment components is a key question. In this paper, we estimate a model based on Okun’s law, so that we can specify a decomposition of employment between trend and cyclical factors, wherein one could potentially interpret the trend fa ...
... context, disentangling structural and cyclical employment components is a key question. In this paper, we estimate a model based on Okun’s law, so that we can specify a decomposition of employment between trend and cyclical factors, wherein one could potentially interpret the trend fa ...
Document
... 2. The model assumes that trading countries have the same technology, but different technologies could affect the productivities of factors and therefore the wages/rates paid to these factors. ...
... 2. The model assumes that trading countries have the same technology, but different technologies could affect the productivities of factors and therefore the wages/rates paid to these factors. ...
Rio de Janeiro, March 29, 2004 - Economic Growth and Distribution
... output through its effects on the capital stock and multifactor productivity.1 If income growth is mainly demand-driven, the focus of the analysis shifts to the determinants of effective demand. In the post Keynesian and structuralist literature, the usual suspects are income distribution, macroecon ...
... output through its effects on the capital stock and multifactor productivity.1 If income growth is mainly demand-driven, the focus of the analysis shifts to the determinants of effective demand. In the post Keynesian and structuralist literature, the usual suspects are income distribution, macroecon ...
Analysis - Center for American Progress
... a race between technology and education instead of a race against the machine. They argue that since technological progress inherently favors skilled workers, countries must increase the number of skilled workers via human capital investment to prevent rising inequality. They view the recent rise in ...
... a race between technology and education instead of a race against the machine. They argue that since technological progress inherently favors skilled workers, countries must increase the number of skilled workers via human capital investment to prevent rising inequality. They view the recent rise in ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES WHAT HAS HAPPENED TO WAGES
... economies. Trade theory predicts that convergence in goods’ prices between countries creates pressure for convergence in factor prices. In Mexico, this would affect both wage levels and the relative wages of low- and high-skilled labor. An additional channel through which trade reform may shock lab ...
... economies. Trade theory predicts that convergence in goods’ prices between countries creates pressure for convergence in factor prices. In Mexico, this would affect both wage levels and the relative wages of low- and high-skilled labor. An additional channel through which trade reform may shock lab ...
Contemporary Labor Economics
... • Faster increases in the quantity of information such as computers may have increased productivity growth. • Jorgenson, Ho, and Stroh's analysis indicates 37 percent of the productivity growth between 1995-2000 was due to increases in the use of information technology. The corresponding figure for ...
... • Faster increases in the quantity of information such as computers may have increased productivity growth. • Jorgenson, Ho, and Stroh's analysis indicates 37 percent of the productivity growth between 1995-2000 was due to increases in the use of information technology. The corresponding figure for ...
Global inequality: A new approach for the age of globalization
... twoway (kdensity loginc_11_11 [w=popu] if loginc_11_11>2 & year==1988, bwidth(0.14) title("Figure 3. Global income dstribution in 1988 and 2011")) (kdensity loginc_11_11 [w=popu] if loginc_11_11>2 & year==2011, bwidth(0.2)) , legend(off) xtitle(log of annual PPP real income) ytitle(density) text(0. ...
... twoway (kdensity loginc_11_11 [w=popu] if loginc_11_11>2 & year==1988, bwidth(0.14) title("Figure 3. Global income dstribution in 1988 and 2011")) (kdensity loginc_11_11 [w=popu] if loginc_11_11>2 & year==2011, bwidth(0.2)) , legend(off) xtitle(log of annual PPP real income) ytitle(density) text(0. ...
The Case of Greece (1960-1989), by E. Ioakimoglou and
... * The labor productivity is regarded as an unchangeable factor, exactly like the organic composition of capital, the increase of which is "just another expression for the progressive development of the social productivity of labor" (Marx 1981:318). Therefore we are not dealing with omissions in Marx ...
... * The labor productivity is regarded as an unchangeable factor, exactly like the organic composition of capital, the increase of which is "just another expression for the progressive development of the social productivity of labor" (Marx 1981:318). Therefore we are not dealing with omissions in Marx ...
What Has Happened to Wages in Mexico since NAFTA?
... economies. Trade theory predicts that convergence in goods’ prices between countries creates pressure for convergence in factor prices. In Mexico, this would affect both wage levels and the relative wages of low- and high-skilled labor. An additional channel through which trade reform may shock lab ...
... economies. Trade theory predicts that convergence in goods’ prices between countries creates pressure for convergence in factor prices. In Mexico, this would affect both wage levels and the relative wages of low- and high-skilled labor. An additional channel through which trade reform may shock lab ...
Welfare Effects of Demand Management Policies: Impact Multipliers
... The model used in this paper belongs to a class of computable general equilibrium model of which there are many recent examples. The model has been described in detail elsewhere, and its main features can be summarized as follows.2 The model distinguishes 14 production sectors, 8 labor types, and 12 ...
... The model used in this paper belongs to a class of computable general equilibrium model of which there are many recent examples. The model has been described in detail elsewhere, and its main features can be summarized as follows.2 The model distinguishes 14 production sectors, 8 labor types, and 12 ...
Welfare Effects of Demand Management Policies: Impact Multipliers
... The model used in this paper belongs to a class of computable general equilibrium model of which there are many recent examples. The model has been described in detail elsewhere, and its main features can be summarized as follows.2 The model distinguishes 14 production sectors, 8 labor types, and 12 ...
... The model used in this paper belongs to a class of computable general equilibrium model of which there are many recent examples. The model has been described in detail elsewhere, and its main features can be summarized as follows.2 The model distinguishes 14 production sectors, 8 labor types, and 12 ...
Week 10 Practice Quiz f Answers
... marginal productivity of labor falls at every level of real wages; thus, rising oil prices must result in a shifted in labor demand curve) -Labor supply should shift to the right (W/P falls as the labor demand curve shifts in; therefore, PVLR falls permanently; as we feel permanently poorer, the in ...
... marginal productivity of labor falls at every level of real wages; thus, rising oil prices must result in a shifted in labor demand curve) -Labor supply should shift to the right (W/P falls as the labor demand curve shifts in; therefore, PVLR falls permanently; as we feel permanently poorer, the in ...
New York–New Jersey Job Expansion to Moderate in 2001
... corresponding rate for the nation (see chart). An increase in state and local government jobs prompted a mild acceleration of public-sector employment growth in 2000. The services and construction sectors recorded the highest rates of employment expansion in the region. Services, the largest of the ...
... corresponding rate for the nation (see chart). An increase in state and local government jobs prompted a mild acceleration of public-sector employment growth in 2000. The services and construction sectors recorded the highest rates of employment expansion in the region. Services, the largest of the ...
Agricultural Productivity and Poverty in Egypt
... landholdings increases. This sector consists of self-employed farmers engaging other family workers, or employing salaried workers. The small, medium and large size farms provide employment to a significant number of the landless. The second sub-sector consists of non-farmers engaged in micro, small ...
... landholdings increases. This sector consists of self-employed farmers engaging other family workers, or employing salaried workers. The small, medium and large size farms provide employment to a significant number of the landless. The second sub-sector consists of non-farmers engaged in micro, small ...
CESifo Working Paper no. 5776 - Center for Regional Economic
... Financial markets have grown rapidly over the last decades, especially in high-income countries. Looking at the United States and Great Britain, for example, the ratio of private credit relative to GDP has increased from a value of about one in the 1980s to around two in recent years.1 Similar trend ...
... Financial markets have grown rapidly over the last decades, especially in high-income countries. Looking at the United States and Great Britain, for example, the ratio of private credit relative to GDP has increased from a value of about one in the 1980s to around two in recent years.1 Similar trend ...
The Great Depression of 1946
... she will lack a historical perspective. Therefore, t h a t individual no doubt will fail to observe that t h e Great Depression of 1946 has been worsening every decade. I n 1960, when Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1957 was published, the reported decline in real GNP i ...
... she will lack a historical perspective. Therefore, t h a t individual no doubt will fail to observe that t h e Great Depression of 1946 has been worsening every decade. I n 1960, when Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1957 was published, the reported decline in real GNP i ...
Why Did Europe`s Productivity Growth Catch
... the U. S. Initially we look at a long time period going back to 1870, but most of the analysis refers to post1960 The second session begins by additional aspects of the EU vs. U. S. comparison, but then digs deeper to find systematic differences within Europe among country groups. Focus is on post-1 ...
... the U. S. Initially we look at a long time period going back to 1870, but most of the analysis refers to post1960 The second session begins by additional aspects of the EU vs. U. S. comparison, but then digs deeper to find systematic differences within Europe among country groups. Focus is on post-1 ...
Contemporary Labor Economics - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... quality of output are not taken into account. • The index implies that labor alone is the cause of the rise in productivity. Other factors such as increases in the amount of capital and technological progress also play a role. ...
... quality of output are not taken into account. • The index implies that labor alone is the cause of the rise in productivity. Other factors such as increases in the amount of capital and technological progress also play a role. ...