Chapter 14
... Vibrations pass to the scala tympani. Movements of perilymph travel to the base of cochlea where they displace the round window. As sound frequency increases, pressure waves of the perilymph are transmitted through the vestibular membrane and through the basilar ...
... Vibrations pass to the scala tympani. Movements of perilymph travel to the base of cochlea where they displace the round window. As sound frequency increases, pressure waves of the perilymph are transmitted through the vestibular membrane and through the basilar ...
Part 1: From Ion Channels to behavior, HT2009 Course
... Equilibrium potential of a given ion channel Resting membrane potential – type of channels involved Passive Membrane Properties and Action Potential Time constant Space constant Temporal and spatial summations Ionic mechanism of the action potential Refractory period Conduction velocity Presynaptic ...
... Equilibrium potential of a given ion channel Resting membrane potential – type of channels involved Passive Membrane Properties and Action Potential Time constant Space constant Temporal and spatial summations Ionic mechanism of the action potential Refractory period Conduction velocity Presynaptic ...
Pain
... Equilibrium potential of a given ion channel Resting membrane potential – type of channels involved Passive Membrane Properties and Action Potential Time constant Space constant Temporal and spatial summations Ionic mechanism of the action potential Refractory period Conduction velocity Presynaptic ...
... Equilibrium potential of a given ion channel Resting membrane potential – type of channels involved Passive Membrane Properties and Action Potential Time constant Space constant Temporal and spatial summations Ionic mechanism of the action potential Refractory period Conduction velocity Presynaptic ...
CNS neurotransmitters
... In general, dopamine appears to be an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Five dopamine receptors have been identified; the most important and best studied are the D1- and D2-receptor groups. The D1-receptor, which increases cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) by activation of adenylyl cyclase, is lo ...
... In general, dopamine appears to be an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Five dopamine receptors have been identified; the most important and best studied are the D1- and D2-receptor groups. The D1-receptor, which increases cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) by activation of adenylyl cyclase, is lo ...
sensory, motor, and integrative systems
... of representation of body parts in the cerebral cortex. Some areas of representations are huge compared to other areas. In particular the hands and face have a tremendous amount of representation in the cortex. The size of cortical areas given to a particular structure is indicative of the number of ...
... of representation of body parts in the cerebral cortex. Some areas of representations are huge compared to other areas. In particular the hands and face have a tremendous amount of representation in the cortex. The size of cortical areas given to a particular structure is indicative of the number of ...
CHAPTER 10: NERVOUS SYSTEM I
... K+ high inside Na+ high outside Cl- high outside Negatively charged proteins or Anions- high inside. ...
... K+ high inside Na+ high outside Cl- high outside Negatively charged proteins or Anions- high inside. ...
Schwann cells
... • Changes in transmembrane potential can cause muscle contraction, gland secretion, or transfer of information • Resting potential • Transmembrane potential of a cell at rest • All neural activities begin with a change from resting potential ...
... • Changes in transmembrane potential can cause muscle contraction, gland secretion, or transfer of information • Resting potential • Transmembrane potential of a cell at rest • All neural activities begin with a change from resting potential ...
nervous system physiology 4
... -methacholine, carbachol, and nicotine- these Ach agonists are not destroyed by cholinesterase or are destroyed so slowly that their action often persists for many minutes to several hours. -they cause localized areas of depolarization of motor end plate every time the muscle fiber recovers from a ...
... -methacholine, carbachol, and nicotine- these Ach agonists are not destroyed by cholinesterase or are destroyed so slowly that their action often persists for many minutes to several hours. -they cause localized areas of depolarization of motor end plate every time the muscle fiber recovers from a ...
Neuron File
... signals to other neurons are transmitted by the axon. A typical synapse, then, is a contact between the axon of one neuron and a dendrite or soma of another. Synaptic signals may be excitatory or inhibitory. If the net excitation received by a neuron over a short period of time is large enough, the ...
... signals to other neurons are transmitted by the axon. A typical synapse, then, is a contact between the axon of one neuron and a dendrite or soma of another. Synaptic signals may be excitatory or inhibitory. If the net excitation received by a neuron over a short period of time is large enough, the ...
Neurons and Nervous Systems
... potential spreads through the cytoplasm. These action potentials are fast but do not allow for complex integration of inputs. ...
... potential spreads through the cytoplasm. These action potentials are fast but do not allow for complex integration of inputs. ...
Biological Bases of Behavior: Neural Processing and the Endocrine
... • 3) Myelin Sheath a layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing the fibers of many neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural impulses as the impulse hops from one node to the next. ...
... • 3) Myelin Sheath a layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing the fibers of many neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural impulses as the impulse hops from one node to the next. ...
The Generation of Brain Waves
... impulse is transmitted along a nerve fiber. The second source of electrical activity in neurons occurs at the synapse. This is the junction of the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of the next neuron. As the impulse arrives at the end of the axon of one cell, transmitter substances (chemicals suc ...
... impulse is transmitted along a nerve fiber. The second source of electrical activity in neurons occurs at the synapse. This is the junction of the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of the next neuron. As the impulse arrives at the end of the axon of one cell, transmitter substances (chemicals suc ...
Unit 4 Test Study sheet
... signal transduction, receptive fields, localization, modality, tonic and phasic receptors, and integration. 2. How do the following terms relate: coding, sensory unit, receptive field, stimulus intensity, acuity to locate a stimulus, lateral inhibition. 3. What is adaptation and why do some receptor ...
... signal transduction, receptive fields, localization, modality, tonic and phasic receptors, and integration. 2. How do the following terms relate: coding, sensory unit, receptive field, stimulus intensity, acuity to locate a stimulus, lateral inhibition. 3. What is adaptation and why do some receptor ...
NERVOUS and ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS TEST PREVIEW
... 2. What’s the function of the nervous and endocrine systems? 3. What part of a neuron receives impulses and carries it to the cell body? Which part carries impulses away from the cell body? 4. What is the difference between intensity and strength of a nerve impulse? 5. What determines the rate of an ...
... 2. What’s the function of the nervous and endocrine systems? 3. What part of a neuron receives impulses and carries it to the cell body? Which part carries impulses away from the cell body? 4. What is the difference between intensity and strength of a nerve impulse? 5. What determines the rate of an ...
CHAPTER 10: NERVOUS SYSTEM I
... Refractory Period = the period following an impulse when a threshold stimulus cannot produce another impulse. a. The RMP has to be restored before it can be depolarized again (i.e. dominos must be set back up, in order to be knocked down again) ...
... Refractory Period = the period following an impulse when a threshold stimulus cannot produce another impulse. a. The RMP has to be restored before it can be depolarized again (i.e. dominos must be set back up, in order to be knocked down again) ...
Anatomy Review - Interactive Physiology
... -5035. (Page 8.) An action potential that reaches the axon terminal causes synaptic vesicles, to fuse with it, releasing ____________ into the _________ _________. a. acetyl choline, postsynaptic neuron b. neurotransmitter, synaptic cleft 36. (Page 8.) The neuron receiving the signal is called the ...
... -5035. (Page 8.) An action potential that reaches the axon terminal causes synaptic vesicles, to fuse with it, releasing ____________ into the _________ _________. a. acetyl choline, postsynaptic neuron b. neurotransmitter, synaptic cleft 36. (Page 8.) The neuron receiving the signal is called the ...
Slide ()
... Different neural mechanisms underlie long-term potentiation at each of the three synapses in the trisynaptic pathway in the hippocampus. Long-term potentiation (LTP) is present at synapses throughout the hippocampus but depends to differing degrees on activation of NMDA-type glutamate receptors. A. ...
... Different neural mechanisms underlie long-term potentiation at each of the three synapses in the trisynaptic pathway in the hippocampus. Long-term potentiation (LTP) is present at synapses throughout the hippocampus but depends to differing degrees on activation of NMDA-type glutamate receptors. A. ...
Bolt IRM Mod 03
... Receptor: one person who stands between the dendrite membranes with outstretched arms. ...
... Receptor: one person who stands between the dendrite membranes with outstretched arms. ...
Muscle Synergies for Motor Control
... A fundamental challenge in neuroscience is understanding how the central nervous system (CNS) controls the large number of degrees-of-freedom of the musculoskeletal apparatus to perform a wide repertoire of motor tasks and behaviors. A long-standing hypothesis is that the CNS relies on a modular arc ...
... A fundamental challenge in neuroscience is understanding how the central nervous system (CNS) controls the large number of degrees-of-freedom of the musculoskeletal apparatus to perform a wide repertoire of motor tasks and behaviors. A long-standing hypothesis is that the CNS relies on a modular arc ...
acetylcholine
... distributed throughout the brain in three important dopamine systems (pathways): the nigrostriatal, mesocorticolimbic, and the tuberohypophyseal pathways. A decreased brain dopamine concentration is a contributing factor in Parkinsonﾕs disease, while an increase in dopamine concentration has a role ...
... distributed throughout the brain in three important dopamine systems (pathways): the nigrostriatal, mesocorticolimbic, and the tuberohypophyseal pathways. A decreased brain dopamine concentration is a contributing factor in Parkinsonﾕs disease, while an increase in dopamine concentration has a role ...
NERVOUS SYSTEM CNS-Central Nervous System PNS
... (made in nerve cell body & stored in vesicles) http://science.educatio ...
... (made in nerve cell body & stored in vesicles) http://science.educatio ...
Cranial Nerves
... superior orbital fissure on its way to the eye. CN III innervates three of the four rectus muscles (superior, inferior, and medial) and the inferior oblique muscle. Other muscles innervated by CN III are the levator palpebrae superioris (upper eyelid elevation), iris sphincter (pupil constriction), ...
... superior orbital fissure on its way to the eye. CN III innervates three of the four rectus muscles (superior, inferior, and medial) and the inferior oblique muscle. Other muscles innervated by CN III are the levator palpebrae superioris (upper eyelid elevation), iris sphincter (pupil constriction), ...
The Nervous System
... subdivisions of autonomic neurons: sympathetic and parasympathetic. Autonomic motor neurons, together with their central control centers, constitute the autonomic nervous system, the focus of chapter 9. The structural classification of neurons is based on the number of processes that extend from the ...
... subdivisions of autonomic neurons: sympathetic and parasympathetic. Autonomic motor neurons, together with their central control centers, constitute the autonomic nervous system, the focus of chapter 9. The structural classification of neurons is based on the number of processes that extend from the ...
Modeling and Imagery
... Intersensory integration and sensory dominance • Overall sense of what is going on dependent on information flowing from many receptors simultaneously • Occasionally they contradict each other • Vision is dominant…can lead to some amusing experiments (and experiences) ...
... Intersensory integration and sensory dominance • Overall sense of what is going on dependent on information flowing from many receptors simultaneously • Occasionally they contradict each other • Vision is dominant…can lead to some amusing experiments (and experiences) ...
End-plate potential
End plate potentials (EPPs) are the depolarizations of skeletal muscle fibers caused by neurotransmitters binding to the postsynaptic membrane in the neuromuscular junction. They are called ""end plates"" because the postsynaptic terminals of muscle fibers have a large, saucer-like appearance. When an action potential reaches the axon terminal of a motor neuron, vesicles carrying neurotransmitters (mostly acetylcholine) are exocytosed and the contents are released into the neuromuscular junction. These neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane and lead to its depolarization. In the absence of an action potential, acetylcholine vesicles spontaneously leak into the neuromuscular junction and cause very small depolarizations in the postsynaptic membrane. This small response (~0.5mV) is called a miniature end plate potential (MEPP) and is generated by one acetylcholine-containing vesicle. It represents the smallest possible depolarization which can be induced in a muscle.