![Energy balance](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/006515939_1-1bda66b4fed6ed5583528b27f41fdab7-300x300.png)
Energy balance
... Now, back to caffeine. • Caffeine binds to the receptors for adenosine, but has no effect on the receptors. • When caffeine is bound, adenosine can’t bind. Adenosine Caffeine ...
... Now, back to caffeine. • Caffeine binds to the receptors for adenosine, but has no effect on the receptors. • When caffeine is bound, adenosine can’t bind. Adenosine Caffeine ...
Human Anatomy, First Edition McKinley&O'Loughlin
... Chapter 16 Lecture Outline: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves ...
... Chapter 16 Lecture Outline: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves ...
Chapter 15: Neural Integration I: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic
... Two types of axons carry painful sensations: Type A and Type C fibers. 1. Myelinated Type A fibers carry sensations of fast pain, or prickling pain, such as that caused by an injection or deep cut. These sensations reach the CNS very quickly and often trigger somatic reflexes. They are also relayed ...
... Two types of axons carry painful sensations: Type A and Type C fibers. 1. Myelinated Type A fibers carry sensations of fast pain, or prickling pain, such as that caused by an injection or deep cut. These sensations reach the CNS very quickly and often trigger somatic reflexes. They are also relayed ...
MUSHROOM BODY MEMOIR: FROM MAPS TO MODELS
... If, however, the animal has to discriminate between complex odour mixtures that have many overlapping POQs, it might need to process the odour information more extensively, and this might occur in the mushroom bodies. Imagine that each Kenyon cell is connected to three projection neurons and that ev ...
... If, however, the animal has to discriminate between complex odour mixtures that have many overlapping POQs, it might need to process the odour information more extensively, and this might occur in the mushroom bodies. Imagine that each Kenyon cell is connected to three projection neurons and that ev ...
The aging brain: The cognitive reserve hypothesis
... populations is important. More direct demographic evidence for the grandmother hypothesis comes from investigations of recent populations for which comprehensive data on longevity, survival, and fertility are available. Several of these studies find support for a positive effect of grandmothers on t ...
... populations is important. More direct demographic evidence for the grandmother hypothesis comes from investigations of recent populations for which comprehensive data on longevity, survival, and fertility are available. Several of these studies find support for a positive effect of grandmothers on t ...
Biological Bases of Bx Test
... While her eyes are open, she finds the task quite easy. However, when she closes her eyes, she finds the same task almost impossible. Which brain region relies on visual information in coordinating our voluntary movements? a. hypothalamus b. reticular formation c. thalamus d. amygdala e. cerebellum ...
... While her eyes are open, she finds the task quite easy. However, when she closes her eyes, she finds the same task almost impossible. Which brain region relies on visual information in coordinating our voluntary movements? a. hypothalamus b. reticular formation c. thalamus d. amygdala e. cerebellum ...
Predictability Modulates Human Brain Response to Reward
... temporal-differences (TD), which postulates that a synaptically reinforcing substance, e.g. dopamine, is released in response to errors in reward prediction (Schultz et al., 1997). This model has been used in a wide variety of applications including complex learning tasks, like backgammon (Sutton, 1 ...
... temporal-differences (TD), which postulates that a synaptically reinforcing substance, e.g. dopamine, is released in response to errors in reward prediction (Schultz et al., 1997). This model has been used in a wide variety of applications including complex learning tasks, like backgammon (Sutton, 1 ...
From hand actions to speech: evidence and speculations
... actions such as grasping, manipulating, tearing, holding, while they do not discharge during similar movements when made with other purposes (e.g., scratching, pushing away). Furthermore, many F5 neurons become active during movements that have an identical goal regardless ...
... actions such as grasping, manipulating, tearing, holding, while they do not discharge during similar movements when made with other purposes (e.g., scratching, pushing away). Furthermore, many F5 neurons become active during movements that have an identical goal regardless ...
Saladin 5e Extended Outline
... 2. They are especially abundant in muscles that require fine control, such as the hands. 3. Muscles spindles are named for their fusiform shape. (Fig. 13.20) a. They are scattered through the perimysium of a muscle with their long axes parallel to the fibers. b. They are especially concentrated at t ...
... 2. They are especially abundant in muscles that require fine control, such as the hands. 3. Muscles spindles are named for their fusiform shape. (Fig. 13.20) a. They are scattered through the perimysium of a muscle with their long axes parallel to the fibers. b. They are especially concentrated at t ...
Lesion Mapping the Four-Factor Structure of Emotional Intelligence
... as an important addendum to classic models of intelligence, it remains unclear how best to characterize it: different models suggest a personality-like model of trait factors, a set of correlated skills comprising a separate intelligence, and even just the application of traditional factors of intell ...
... as an important addendum to classic models of intelligence, it remains unclear how best to characterize it: different models suggest a personality-like model of trait factors, a set of correlated skills comprising a separate intelligence, and even just the application of traditional factors of intell ...
Neural integration
... At spinal segment it targets, an axon in anterior corticospinal tract crosses over to opposite side of spinal cord in anterior white commissure before synapsing on lower motor neurons in anterior gray horns ...
... At spinal segment it targets, an axon in anterior corticospinal tract crosses over to opposite side of spinal cord in anterior white commissure before synapsing on lower motor neurons in anterior gray horns ...
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
... A more unusual form of motor neuron disease is the monomelic form which generally affects younger individuals in their late teens and early twenties. It is most commonly seen in Asia and India and rarely in the United States. This form of amyotrophy does not progress to involve more than one limb. ...
... A more unusual form of motor neuron disease is the monomelic form which generally affects younger individuals in their late teens and early twenties. It is most commonly seen in Asia and India and rarely in the United States. This form of amyotrophy does not progress to involve more than one limb. ...
Document
... over its function It is not uncommon for stroke patients who have lost the ability to speak or to move a limb to regain function after several weeks of convalescence ...
... over its function It is not uncommon for stroke patients who have lost the ability to speak or to move a limb to regain function after several weeks of convalescence ...
lmmunocytochemical Mapping of 18236, A Brain
... of these (see McKay et al., 1981) emerged from analysis of monoclonal antibodies raised against brain. Of these potential nervous system-specific markers, only neuron-specific enolase has been characterized to the extent of molecular and cellular identification (Schmechel et al., 1978; Kennedy, 1982 ...
... of these (see McKay et al., 1981) emerged from analysis of monoclonal antibodies raised against brain. Of these potential nervous system-specific markers, only neuron-specific enolase has been characterized to the extent of molecular and cellular identification (Schmechel et al., 1978; Kennedy, 1982 ...
The Interacting Neuroendocrine Network in Stress
... Moreover, molecular studies have shown that that activation of the intracellular signaling pathway (e.g., cAMPPKA/PKC) and associated transcription factors (e.g., c-Fos, CREB) upon stimulation of NMDA receptor are significantly decreased during chronic stress and depressive disorders. Moreover, simi ...
... Moreover, molecular studies have shown that that activation of the intracellular signaling pathway (e.g., cAMPPKA/PKC) and associated transcription factors (e.g., c-Fos, CREB) upon stimulation of NMDA receptor are significantly decreased during chronic stress and depressive disorders. Moreover, simi ...
Locus coeruleus - Rice CAAM Department
... TH-expressing neurons and density of dendritic arborization surrounding the structure was shown in symptomatic Mecp2-deficient mice[12] . However, locus coeruleus cells are not dying but are more likely losing their fully mature phenotype since no apoptotic neurons in the pons were detected[12] . Re ...
... TH-expressing neurons and density of dendritic arborization surrounding the structure was shown in symptomatic Mecp2-deficient mice[12] . However, locus coeruleus cells are not dying but are more likely losing their fully mature phenotype since no apoptotic neurons in the pons were detected[12] . Re ...
- Philsci
... ways bionic technologies can be deployed not only to restore lost sensory-motor functions, but also to discover brain mechanisms. ...
... ways bionic technologies can be deployed not only to restore lost sensory-motor functions, but also to discover brain mechanisms. ...
Way SW, McKenna J 3rd, Mietzsch U, Reith RM, Wu HC, Gambello MJ. Loss of Tsc2 in radial glia models the brain pathology of tuberous sclerosis complex in the mouse. Human Molecular Genetics. 2009 Apr 1; 18(7):1252-65.
... complex toward Rheb-GTP, a small Ras-like protein (14,15). Rheb-GTP normally activates the rapamycin-sensitive mTOR complex, called mTORC1, in which the mTOR kinase is associated with the proteins raptor and GbL (16,17). Loss of either TSC1 or TSC2 in TSC abolishes Rheb-GTPase activity, resulting in ...
... complex toward Rheb-GTP, a small Ras-like protein (14,15). Rheb-GTP normally activates the rapamycin-sensitive mTOR complex, called mTORC1, in which the mTOR kinase is associated with the proteins raptor and GbL (16,17). Loss of either TSC1 or TSC2 in TSC abolishes Rheb-GTPase activity, resulting in ...
The Human Brain in Photographs and Diagrams
... into posterior, lateral, and anterior funiculi. In contrast to the level-to-level variations in the gray matter, the total amount of white matter increases steadily at progressively higher spinal levels. Moving rostrally, the ascending pathways enlarge as progressively more fibers are added to them; ...
... into posterior, lateral, and anterior funiculi. In contrast to the level-to-level variations in the gray matter, the total amount of white matter increases steadily at progressively higher spinal levels. Moving rostrally, the ascending pathways enlarge as progressively more fibers are added to them; ...
Bi150 (2005)
... Proust, Remembrance of Things Past “as soon as I had recognized the taste of the piece of madeleine soaked in her decoction of lime-blossom which my aunt used to give me (although I did not yet know and must long postpone the discovery of why this memory made me so happy) immediately the old grey h ...
... Proust, Remembrance of Things Past “as soon as I had recognized the taste of the piece of madeleine soaked in her decoction of lime-blossom which my aunt used to give me (although I did not yet know and must long postpone the discovery of why this memory made me so happy) immediately the old grey h ...
9.2 Electrochemical Impulses
... end join with many different neurons. (The end of a neuron may be referred to as an “axon ...
... end join with many different neurons. (The end of a neuron may be referred to as an “axon ...
Article - Dynamic Connectome Lab
... Online Resource (Table ESM10). We used ten further groups of L2/3 cat pyramidal neurons, and one further group of L5 cat pyramidal neurons (this was the only other cat L5 pyramidal neuron currently available in the database; we did not use L5 pyramidal cells from other species as the size difference ...
... Online Resource (Table ESM10). We used ten further groups of L2/3 cat pyramidal neurons, and one further group of L5 cat pyramidal neurons (this was the only other cat L5 pyramidal neuron currently available in the database; we did not use L5 pyramidal cells from other species as the size difference ...
Lecture Presentation for Chapter 17
... temporal lobes, a decision was made to remove the anterior temporal lobes on both sides. H.M.’s surgery removed the amygdala, the hippocampus, and some cortex. ...
... temporal lobes, a decision was made to remove the anterior temporal lobes on both sides. H.M.’s surgery removed the amygdala, the hippocampus, and some cortex. ...
Neuroanatomy
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Neuroanatomy is the study of the anatomy and stereotyped organization of nervous systems. In contrast to animals with radial symmetry, whose nervous system consists of a distributed network of cells, animals with bilateral symmetry have segregated, defined nervous systems, and thus we can make much more precise statements about their neuroanatomy. In vertebrates, the nervous system is segregated into the internal structure of the brain and spinal cord (together called the central nervous system, or CNS) and the routes of the nerves that connect to the rest of the body (known as the peripheral nervous system, or PNS). The delineation of distinct structures and regions of the nervous system has been critical in investigating how it works. For example, much of what neuroscientists have learned comes from observing how damage or ""lesions"" to specific brain areas affects behavior or other neural functions.For information about the composition of animal nervous systems, see nervous system. For information about the typical structure of the human nervous system, see human brain or peripheral nervous system. This article discusses information pertinent to the study of neuroanatomy.