comparison of monetary and fiscal policies
... spending in infrastructure projects would lead to higher demand and employment. Both tools affect the fiscal position of the government i.e. the budget deficit goes up whether the government increases spending or lowers taxes. This deficit is financed by debt; the government borrows money to cover t ...
... spending in infrastructure projects would lead to higher demand and employment. Both tools affect the fiscal position of the government i.e. the budget deficit goes up whether the government increases spending or lowers taxes. This deficit is financed by debt; the government borrows money to cover t ...
speculative activities in the financial markets and its
... increase. In this paper we would like to point out on questionable relation between speculative activities in the financial markets and the real economy. The term speculation is defined as the forming of a theory or conjecture without firm evidence or as an investment in stocks, property in the hope ...
... increase. In this paper we would like to point out on questionable relation between speculative activities in the financial markets and the real economy. The term speculation is defined as the forming of a theory or conjecture without firm evidence or as an investment in stocks, property in the hope ...
Paper (PDF, 117 KB)
... crisis. Structured products, for instance, had not existed in the early 1930s. Or, to take just another example, the crises in Japan and Nordic countries had caused havoc in bank-based financial systems; by contrast, the subsequent Great Financial Crisis had originated in the United States, with its ...
... crisis. Structured products, for instance, had not existed in the early 1930s. Or, to take just another example, the crises in Japan and Nordic countries had caused havoc in bank-based financial systems; by contrast, the subsequent Great Financial Crisis had originated in the United States, with its ...
Are global labour markets feeling the effects of the recovery?
... regain its pre-crisis GDP level. However, in absolute terms Germany and the US have created over 4 million jobs between them (see Figure 1). This is all good news for businesses who can benefit from higher revenue as an increase in employment leads to a rise in the aggregate purchasing power of cons ...
... regain its pre-crisis GDP level. However, in absolute terms Germany and the US have created over 4 million jobs between them (see Figure 1). This is all good news for businesses who can benefit from higher revenue as an increase in employment leads to a rise in the aggregate purchasing power of cons ...
Climate Change - Sensible Policy
... and free up scarce labour • Allowing greater capital mobility (and better allocation of capital) so that capital can flow to labour rather than labour flow to capital. ...
... and free up scarce labour • Allowing greater capital mobility (and better allocation of capital) so that capital can flow to labour rather than labour flow to capital. ...
Read More - Vigilant Capital Managment
... 10 Despite the efforts of central banks, money continues to pour into instruments offering negative real yields across most of the developed world. Savers may prove more risk averse than policy makers desire, especially as these populations continue to age. It may be that zero interest rate poli ...
... 10 Despite the efforts of central banks, money continues to pour into instruments offering negative real yields across most of the developed world. Savers may prove more risk averse than policy makers desire, especially as these populations continue to age. It may be that zero interest rate poli ...
JOHANNES KEPLER UNIVERSITÄT DEPARTMENT OF
... Consider the economy illustrated by the above graph. Initially the economy is in equilibrium at A, with zero net exports (NX), output (Y) at Y1 and demand (Z) at Z1. Now consider the effect on the equilibrium of a real depreciation of the domestic currency assuming that the Marshall-Lerner conditio ...
... Consider the economy illustrated by the above graph. Initially the economy is in equilibrium at A, with zero net exports (NX), output (Y) at Y1 and demand (Z) at Z1. Now consider the effect on the equilibrium of a real depreciation of the domestic currency assuming that the Marshall-Lerner conditio ...
Exemplar material
... measure of the value of the goods and services produced by an economy. Rising real GDP will cause an increase, not just in the value of output, but also in the nation’s real income. Assuming no increase in population over the period of economic growth, the nation’s real GDP per capita will increase. ...
... measure of the value of the goods and services produced by an economy. Rising real GDP will cause an increase, not just in the value of output, but also in the nation’s real income. Assuming no increase in population over the period of economic growth, the nation’s real GDP per capita will increase. ...
2. I E D nternational
... Germany France Italy Spain Portugal Ireland Greece Japan U.K. Emerging Economies Asia-Pacific China India Latin America Brazil Eastern Europe ...
... Germany France Italy Spain Portugal Ireland Greece Japan U.K. Emerging Economies Asia-Pacific China India Latin America Brazil Eastern Europe ...
SOLUTIONS - Department of Economics
... will be very unlikely that they will initiate the process of economic expansion by increasing their expenditure on goods and services. Indeed, consumers might be quite worry about the possibility of losing their jobs and thus will not be in the mood to increase their expenditures. Most likely their ...
... will be very unlikely that they will initiate the process of economic expansion by increasing their expenditure on goods and services. Indeed, consumers might be quite worry about the possibility of losing their jobs and thus will not be in the mood to increase their expenditures. Most likely their ...
Governing the world economy: the challenges of globalization
... From anywhere else in the world, and indeed in many of parts of the US which now depend upon a globalizing world economy, this democratic rationale is strictly limited. More importantly, given the new challenges of globalization, unilateralism is unlikely to work to fulfill even US objectives. Put b ...
... From anywhere else in the world, and indeed in many of parts of the US which now depend upon a globalizing world economy, this democratic rationale is strictly limited. More importantly, given the new challenges of globalization, unilateralism is unlikely to work to fulfill even US objectives. Put b ...
The Asian Crisis, the IMF and Dr Mahathir
... deficit on the current account. At any point on N to the left of the point of intersection there is a surplus on the current account. Unemployment and sticky prices could be included. At any point to the left of N wealth, and consequently aggregate spending, is too low for equilibrium in the tradeab ...
... deficit on the current account. At any point on N to the left of the point of intersection there is a surplus on the current account. Unemployment and sticky prices could be included. At any point to the left of N wealth, and consequently aggregate spending, is too low for equilibrium in the tradeab ...
PART 1 Sustained, High Growth in the Postwar Period
... with much the same triple formula of technology, capital, and human capital. But these are only the proximate causes of growth. Its deeper roots draw on advances in science, finance, trade, education, medicine, public health, and government, to name but a few of the factors in play. Over the past tw ...
... with much the same triple formula of technology, capital, and human capital. But these are only the proximate causes of growth. Its deeper roots draw on advances in science, finance, trade, education, medicine, public health, and government, to name but a few of the factors in play. Over the past tw ...
Sheila Pugh, Ipswich School
... • C If higher consumption in deficit countries had been the driving forces behind world imbalances then savings would have shifted to the left and ...
... • C If higher consumption in deficit countries had been the driving forces behind world imbalances then savings would have shifted to the left and ...
"Reading Legitimation Crisis during the Meltdown." Keynote
... It is when banks get in trouble that the real economy is affected. Businesses need regular access to credit, since, typically, labor and raw materials must be purchased before the finished product is sold. Consumers, too, need access to credit, particularly for big-ticket items like homes and cars. ...
... It is when banks get in trouble that the real economy is affected. Businesses need regular access to credit, since, typically, labor and raw materials must be purchased before the finished product is sold. Consumers, too, need access to credit, particularly for big-ticket items like homes and cars. ...
11.3 Business Cycles
... over the long run. Reasons production tends to increase over the long run Increases in the amount an quality of resources, especially labor and capital Better technology Improvements in the rules of the game that facilitate production exchange CONTEMPORARY ECONOMICS ...
... over the long run. Reasons production tends to increase over the long run Increases in the amount an quality of resources, especially labor and capital Better technology Improvements in the rules of the game that facilitate production exchange CONTEMPORARY ECONOMICS ...
Lecture - Module 1
... Even in food we are not in all fields. There are certain areas we do not touch…..We have no soft drinks because I have said we will either buy Coca-Cola or we leave it alone. This is focus. Helmut Maucher ...
... Even in food we are not in all fields. There are certain areas we do not touch…..We have no soft drinks because I have said we will either buy Coca-Cola or we leave it alone. This is focus. Helmut Maucher ...
Are the advanced economies in for a long period of economic
... The first of these is demographic. Aging and slower-growing populations will reduce future demand for products, both because the middle aged and old have a lower marginal propensity to consume than the young, and because the fall in population growth will mean fewer people needs have to be fulfille ...
... The first of these is demographic. Aging and slower-growing populations will reduce future demand for products, both because the middle aged and old have a lower marginal propensity to consume than the young, and because the fall in population growth will mean fewer people needs have to be fulfille ...
La política fiscal en Chile está basada en una regla fiscal, aplicada
... The methodologies for estimating the structural balance differ 4. Two standard differences are that some apply output elasticities not only to revenues (as above) but also to expenditures; this would reduce the countercyclicality of the resulting fiscal policy rule. Alternatively some authors exclud ...
... The methodologies for estimating the structural balance differ 4. Two standard differences are that some apply output elasticities not only to revenues (as above) but also to expenditures; this would reduce the countercyclicality of the resulting fiscal policy rule. Alternatively some authors exclud ...
... Alongside the move away from risk assets, falling commodity prices magnified the selling pressure on emerging countries seen as particularly reliant on commodity-derived revenues. Chart 2 demonstrates the magnitude of the market impact on Russia and Brazil. With energy and materials composing around ...
... from a year ago. In addition, inventories of unsold houses are up significantly, sales of new and existing homes are off their peaks, and surveys of homebuyers and builders are showing much more pessimistic attitudes. The national data on residential investment reflect all of these developments and ...
Notesheet
... Copyright 2014 by Craig Kohn, Agricultural Sciences, Waterford WI. This source may be freely used provided the author is cited. ...
... Copyright 2014 by Craig Kohn, Agricultural Sciences, Waterford WI. This source may be freely used provided the author is cited. ...
Global economic conditions survey report: Q1, 2016
... their belts since the collapse in prices began in late 2014, and our government spending expectations index for nonOECD economies has never been lower. In developed economies, expectations for government spending remain low, but have edged up recently: the worst of the austerity in Europe and the US ...
... their belts since the collapse in prices began in late 2014, and our government spending expectations index for nonOECD economies has never been lower. In developed economies, expectations for government spending remain low, but have edged up recently: the worst of the austerity in Europe and the US ...
Nouriel Roubini
Nouriel Roubini (born March 29, 1958) is an American economist. He teaches at New York University's Stern School of Business and is the chairman of Roubini Global Economics, an economic consultancy firm.The child of Iranian Jews, he was born in Turkey and grew up in Italy. After receiving a BA in political economics at Bocconi University, Milan and a doctorate in international economics at Harvard University, he became an academic at Yale and a practising economist at the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Federal Reserve, World Bank, and Bank of Israel. Much of his early research focused on emerging markets. During the administration of President Bill Clinton, he was a senior economist for the Council of Economic Advisers, later moving to the United States Treasury Department as a senior adviser to Timothy Geithner, who in 2009 became Treasury Secretary.