Formal and informal economies
... African cities within a generation, while many Asian cities have increased fourfold in the same period. In 1950, there were just two cities in the world with a population of more than 8 million, London and New York. By 1990, there were six such cities in industrialized countries, a number not expect ...
... African cities within a generation, while many Asian cities have increased fourfold in the same period. In 1950, there were just two cities in the world with a population of more than 8 million, London and New York. By 1990, there were six such cities in industrialized countries, a number not expect ...
`N Sync: how do countries` economies move together?
... New Zealand’s short-term economic fortunes are often regarded as being quite heavily influenced by international developments. Indeed, Reddell and Sleeman (2008) argued that each major economic downturn in New Zealand since at least the 1930s seems to have been triggered in significant part by inter ...
... New Zealand’s short-term economic fortunes are often regarded as being quite heavily influenced by international developments. Indeed, Reddell and Sleeman (2008) argued that each major economic downturn in New Zealand since at least the 1930s seems to have been triggered in significant part by inter ...
The Federal Reserve in a Globalized World Economy John B. Taylor
... inflationary and consistently expansionary. Toward the later part of this NICE Great Moderation, central banks in many emerging market countries also moved toward more rule-like policies with long-run price stability goals. Their performance and their contribution to global stability also improved, ...
... inflationary and consistently expansionary. Toward the later part of this NICE Great Moderation, central banks in many emerging market countries also moved toward more rule-like policies with long-run price stability goals. Their performance and their contribution to global stability also improved, ...
The 7 dwarfs of global growth
... no sign of cutting back their production. As such, 2016 is likely to see oil prices drop again. The quick end to the current price war expected by many did not happen as US oil producers are more resilient than ever. American energy companies have shelved their least productive and most speculative ...
... no sign of cutting back their production. As such, 2016 is likely to see oil prices drop again. The quick end to the current price war expected by many did not happen as US oil producers are more resilient than ever. American energy companies have shelved their least productive and most speculative ...
Essays in - The Economic and Business History Society
... the start of a recession a stimulus is enacted, the more effective that stimulus will be. Next, Elmendorf and Furman (2008) note that stimulus spending should not be indiscriminate, but instead should target sectors that can make the best use of the spending in light of the downturn. In testimony to ...
... the start of a recession a stimulus is enacted, the more effective that stimulus will be. Next, Elmendorf and Furman (2008) note that stimulus spending should not be indiscriminate, but instead should target sectors that can make the best use of the spending in light of the downturn. In testimony to ...
high-level roundtable on africa and new global finance
... the effect of the deleveraging of European banks, as demonstrated by Mauro Mecagni’s contribution to this report. European banks remain present in Africa but have reoriented towards other instruments, such as private equity or mezzanine funds. ...
... the effect of the deleveraging of European banks, as demonstrated by Mauro Mecagni’s contribution to this report. European banks remain present in Africa but have reoriented towards other instruments, such as private equity or mezzanine funds. ...
EURURALIS 2.0
... assessment of driving factors and impacts. Therefore, the three models LEITAP, IMAGE and CLUE-s are linked together to account for the structure of land-use change processes (Figure 2). The demand for agricultural land in Europe is dependent on global developments in food consumption and agricultura ...
... assessment of driving factors and impacts. Therefore, the three models LEITAP, IMAGE and CLUE-s are linked together to account for the structure of land-use change processes (Figure 2). The demand for agricultural land in Europe is dependent on global developments in food consumption and agricultura ...
Recent Changes in Europe`s Competitive Landscape. How the
... largest European economies (France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom) as well as Austria and the Netherlands, using the updated EU KLEMS database (November 2012), with additional updates for 2010 by the authors. Tables 3a and 3b show that most differences in growth performance across se ...
... largest European economies (France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom) as well as Austria and the Netherlands, using the updated EU KLEMS database (November 2012), with additional updates for 2010 by the authors. Tables 3a and 3b show that most differences in growth performance across se ...
Taming Global Finance in an Age of Capital?
... liberalization, are generally cited as key instigators of housing bubbles within developed economies (Mosley & Singer 2009; Schwartz 2009; Deeg and O’Sullivan 2009; Kindleberger and Aliber, 2011; Rajan 2011; Helleiner 2011). These two developments reduced the costs of borrowing and increased the vol ...
... liberalization, are generally cited as key instigators of housing bubbles within developed economies (Mosley & Singer 2009; Schwartz 2009; Deeg and O’Sullivan 2009; Kindleberger and Aliber, 2011; Rajan 2011; Helleiner 2011). These two developments reduced the costs of borrowing and increased the vol ...
Has India emerged? Business cycle stylized facts from a
... typically face stable economic and political regime changes. Hence, a developed economy characterized by relatively stable growth process will be dominated by standard, transitory productivity shocks. Such a shock will generate an ...
... typically face stable economic and political regime changes. Hence, a developed economy characterized by relatively stable growth process will be dominated by standard, transitory productivity shocks. Such a shock will generate an ...
Commercial Real Estate and the 1990
... Their Policy Implications.” This paper presents one of the cases examined in that symposium, the case of the commercial real estate cycle of the 1980s in the United States and the ensuing recession in the American economy in 1990-91. Although the 1990-91 recession in the U.S. was not particularly se ...
... Their Policy Implications.” This paper presents one of the cases examined in that symposium, the case of the commercial real estate cycle of the 1980s in the United States and the ensuing recession in the American economy in 1990-91. Although the 1990-91 recession in the U.S. was not particularly se ...
Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific 2010: Year-end Update
... level of cooperation by further deepening economic integration already agreed by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and move forward on the agenda of broader regionalism in Asia-Pacific for which a number of proposals now ...
... level of cooperation by further deepening economic integration already agreed by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and move forward on the agenda of broader regionalism in Asia-Pacific for which a number of proposals now ...
The Crisis Management of the ECB - Fritz Breuss
... periphery countries vis à vis the core Euro countries) and a banking crisis (Cyprus, Ireland and Spain). Following the reform of the economic governance of the Euro area the Euro crisis called for new rescue packages and mechanisms not available before. Starting with bilateral credit facilities of t ...
... periphery countries vis à vis the core Euro countries) and a banking crisis (Cyprus, Ireland and Spain). Following the reform of the economic governance of the Euro area the Euro crisis called for new rescue packages and mechanisms not available before. Starting with bilateral credit facilities of t ...
International monetary policy transmission
... automatic in floating exchange rate regimes. Many EMEs have formally adopted inflation targeting regimes over the past two decades. Under strict inflation targeting the exchange rate is allowed, in principle, to move freely. This would, in turn, help to insulate monetary policy from external effects ...
... automatic in floating exchange rate regimes. Many EMEs have formally adopted inflation targeting regimes over the past two decades. Under strict inflation targeting the exchange rate is allowed, in principle, to move freely. This would, in turn, help to insulate monetary policy from external effects ...
Bahrain Economic Quarterly - Economic Development Board
... economies seems to be gradually strengthening, although the continuing wrangling around efforts to restructure Greece’s foreign obligations has cast a long shadow on the Eurozone. While last year’s deflation fears have significantly dissipated, this has also once again raised prospect of monetary ti ...
... economies seems to be gradually strengthening, although the continuing wrangling around efforts to restructure Greece’s foreign obligations has cast a long shadow on the Eurozone. While last year’s deflation fears have significantly dissipated, this has also once again raised prospect of monetary ti ...
Deficit Financing
... the financial institutions which mobilize savings particularly in the rural areas are inadequate. The government is therefore, not able to mobilize resources to the desired extent. 4.Rapid Growth of Population: The rapid rate of population growth is swallowing up whatever little economic progress is ...
... the financial institutions which mobilize savings particularly in the rural areas are inadequate. The government is therefore, not able to mobilize resources to the desired extent. 4.Rapid Growth of Population: The rapid rate of population growth is swallowing up whatever little economic progress is ...
On the Functions for Government to Promote Low-carbon Economic Development
... atmosphere increase from 280ppm at pre-industrial to 387ppm at present. The critical point of which carbon dioxide significantly impacts on climate is 350ppm. In the long run, carbon dioxide concentration will be accumulating gradually. Its specific results will appear through an indirect form. Exce ...
... atmosphere increase from 280ppm at pre-industrial to 387ppm at present. The critical point of which carbon dioxide significantly impacts on climate is 350ppm. In the long run, carbon dioxide concentration will be accumulating gradually. Its specific results will appear through an indirect form. Exce ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES FISCAL LIMITS IN ADVANCED ECONOMIES Eric M. Leeper
... Extreme fiscal stress and fears of outright sovereign debt default were once the exclusive domains of emerging economies, and a sizeable literature has grown up to understand the causes and consequences of those fiscal crises. But these are topsy-turvy times. Emerging economies are in good fiscal shape ...
... Extreme fiscal stress and fears of outright sovereign debt default were once the exclusive domains of emerging economies, and a sizeable literature has grown up to understand the causes and consequences of those fiscal crises. But these are topsy-turvy times. Emerging economies are in good fiscal shape ...
Major Currents in Contemporary Economics
... events (Dornbusch, Fischer, Startz 2001). Although economists are capable of measuring quite precisely the actual outcomes of the current decisions of firms and households (e.g. the level of spending) they have no equivalent measures of current expectations (e.g. of future personal incomes and corpor ...
... events (Dornbusch, Fischer, Startz 2001). Although economists are capable of measuring quite precisely the actual outcomes of the current decisions of firms and households (e.g. the level of spending) they have no equivalent measures of current expectations (e.g. of future personal incomes and corpor ...
Monetary Policy Functions and Transmission Mechanisms: An
... intertemporal versions of the static interest rate, asset price, exchange rate, and monetary and credit mechanisms. For example, consider an announcement of future central bank policy that is not supported by a change in current policy. Such an open-mouth operation exerts real effects by modifying ...
... intertemporal versions of the static interest rate, asset price, exchange rate, and monetary and credit mechanisms. For example, consider an announcement of future central bank policy that is not supported by a change in current policy. Such an open-mouth operation exerts real effects by modifying ...
Post Walrasian Macroeconomics and IS/LM Analysis
... institutions, you must also assume the existing degree of wage and price level flexibility. In the Post Walrasian view the explanation of the degree of flexibility lies in the theory of institutions, not in the theory of economics, given institutions. It follows that any unemployment that results fr ...
... institutions, you must also assume the existing degree of wage and price level flexibility. In the Post Walrasian view the explanation of the degree of flexibility lies in the theory of institutions, not in the theory of economics, given institutions. It follows that any unemployment that results fr ...
25 Years of Transition: Post-Communist Europe and the IMF
... experienced large capital inflows, supported by a benign global environment and increasing confidence in rapid convergence with Western Europe—especially for those countries that joined the EU during this period. Widespread foreign bank ownership brought much-needed credibility and technical know-ho ...
... experienced large capital inflows, supported by a benign global environment and increasing confidence in rapid convergence with Western Europe—especially for those countries that joined the EU during this period. Widespread foreign bank ownership brought much-needed credibility and technical know-ho ...
Globalization
... the benefits of globalization have not been shared equally. Supporters of free trade suggest that the actions of governments have made limited economic improvement in many countries. Slides 1-43-1-44 Managing in the Global Marketplace Managing an international business (any firm that engages in inte ...
... the benefits of globalization have not been shared equally. Supporters of free trade suggest that the actions of governments have made limited economic improvement in many countries. Slides 1-43-1-44 Managing in the Global Marketplace Managing an international business (any firm that engages in inte ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... of Economic Research Volume Title: International Aspects of Fiscal Policies
... the industrialized world to a unilateral tightening of U.S. fiscal policy, and what should be the U.S. monetary response to that? 2. What should be the monetary and fiscal response in the industrialized countries to a sudden, large change in an important exchange rate? For concreteness I shall refer ...
... the industrialized world to a unilateral tightening of U.S. fiscal policy, and what should be the U.S. monetary response to that? 2. What should be the monetary and fiscal response in the industrialized countries to a sudden, large change in an important exchange rate? For concreteness I shall refer ...
Chapter 15 Deficit and Debt 2 It is the Flow
... expenditures moving output closer to potential Long-run surpluses are good because they provide saving for investment ...
... expenditures moving output closer to potential Long-run surpluses are good because they provide saving for investment ...
Nouriel Roubini
Nouriel Roubini (born March 29, 1958) is an American economist. He teaches at New York University's Stern School of Business and is the chairman of Roubini Global Economics, an economic consultancy firm.The child of Iranian Jews, he was born in Turkey and grew up in Italy. After receiving a BA in political economics at Bocconi University, Milan and a doctorate in international economics at Harvard University, he became an academic at Yale and a practising economist at the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Federal Reserve, World Bank, and Bank of Israel. Much of his early research focused on emerging markets. During the administration of President Bill Clinton, he was a senior economist for the Council of Economic Advisers, later moving to the United States Treasury Department as a senior adviser to Timothy Geithner, who in 2009 became Treasury Secretary.