Chapter 9
... cell layer and bipolar cell layer before reaching the rods and cones. In response to light, the rods and cones generate electrical signals that are sent to bipolar cells and then to ganglion cells. These cells begin the processing of visual information. ...
... cell layer and bipolar cell layer before reaching the rods and cones. In response to light, the rods and cones generate electrical signals that are sent to bipolar cells and then to ganglion cells. These cells begin the processing of visual information. ...
Respiratory Physiology during Sleep
... ventrolateral surface of medulla, respond to changes in brain extracellular fluid [H1] concentration. • Other receptors have been recently identified in the brainstem, hypothalamus, and the cerebellum. • These receptors are effectively CO2 receptors because central [H1] concentrations are directly d ...
... ventrolateral surface of medulla, respond to changes in brain extracellular fluid [H1] concentration. • Other receptors have been recently identified in the brainstem, hypothalamus, and the cerebellum. • These receptors are effectively CO2 receptors because central [H1] concentrations are directly d ...
the brain as a system of aggregation of social, behavioral and
... The maturation of the center commences with the initiation of those genes that are responsible for changing architecture of the neuronal net, i.e. for its self-organization. If the results of the process of self-organization remain unchanged for a long time, the spatial structure determinates. The p ...
... The maturation of the center commences with the initiation of those genes that are responsible for changing architecture of the neuronal net, i.e. for its self-organization. If the results of the process of self-organization remain unchanged for a long time, the spatial structure determinates. The p ...
presentation
... The cell body of one neuron is located in the spinal cord and brain and the second extends to a visceral effector. The Preganglionic fiber is the axon within the cell body that is located in the brain and spinal cord in which it travels through the CNS and synapse with the neurons within an autonomi ...
... The cell body of one neuron is located in the spinal cord and brain and the second extends to a visceral effector. The Preganglionic fiber is the axon within the cell body that is located in the brain and spinal cord in which it travels through the CNS and synapse with the neurons within an autonomi ...
Integrator or coincidence detector? The role of the cortical neuron
... and action potentials of u simulated neuron performing temporal integration of postsynaptic potentials (PSPs). The input is simulated on average as a balanced distribution of excitatory ond inhibitov PSPs(uniform distribution with a range of 35 PSPs;PSPmagnitude, 0.25 mV; resting potential, -70 mV; ...
... and action potentials of u simulated neuron performing temporal integration of postsynaptic potentials (PSPs). The input is simulated on average as a balanced distribution of excitatory ond inhibitov PSPs(uniform distribution with a range of 35 PSPs;PSPmagnitude, 0.25 mV; resting potential, -70 mV; ...
Exam 2 2008 - student.ahc.umn.edu
... The baroreceptor reflex operates to maintain arterial pressure within a normal physiological range. Based on your understanding of how the parasympathetic system operates during this reflex, increases in carotid sinus pressure would result in ...
... The baroreceptor reflex operates to maintain arterial pressure within a normal physiological range. Based on your understanding of how the parasympathetic system operates during this reflex, increases in carotid sinus pressure would result in ...
Chapter 03: The Neuronal Membrane at Rest
... The Ionic Basis of The Resting Membrane Potential • Relative Ion Permeabilities of the Membrane at Rest – Neurons permeable to more than one type of ion – Membrane permeability determines membrane potential – Goldman equation • Takes into account permeability of membrane to different ions ...
... The Ionic Basis of The Resting Membrane Potential • Relative Ion Permeabilities of the Membrane at Rest – Neurons permeable to more than one type of ion – Membrane permeability determines membrane potential – Goldman equation • Takes into account permeability of membrane to different ions ...
Full version (PDF file)
... based primarily on immunohistochemical characteristics (Zahm 1999). The NAc core is thought to translate limbic sensory information, including reward-related stimuli, the context-dependent cues, into motor output (Meredith et al. 2008), forming part of a network crucial for appetitive instrumental l ...
... based primarily on immunohistochemical characteristics (Zahm 1999). The NAc core is thought to translate limbic sensory information, including reward-related stimuli, the context-dependent cues, into motor output (Meredith et al. 2008), forming part of a network crucial for appetitive instrumental l ...
Cellular Injury of Nervous System
... hours of the injury and may persist for much longer • These are best demonstrated with silver stains or by immunohistochemistry for proteins within axons ...
... hours of the injury and may persist for much longer • These are best demonstrated with silver stains or by immunohistochemistry for proteins within axons ...
(PTH), or parathormone, is secreted
... calciumin the blood, whereas calcitonin (a hormone produced by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland) acts to decrease calcium concentration. PTH acts to increase the concentration of calcium in the blood by acting upon parathyroid hormone receptorin three parts of the body: In the bones- It ...
... calciumin the blood, whereas calcitonin (a hormone produced by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland) acts to decrease calcium concentration. PTH acts to increase the concentration of calcium in the blood by acting upon parathyroid hormone receptorin three parts of the body: In the bones- It ...
Zinc Alters Excitatory Amino Acid Neurotoxicity on Cortical Neurons
... 1985). Releaseof endogenousZn to the extracellular spaceappearsto occur spontaneously(Charton et al., 1985; Perez-Clausell and Danscher, 1986), and has been shown to be increased in a calcium-dependent fashion by either high-potassium or electrical stimulation (Assaf and Chung, 1984; Howell et al., ...
... 1985). Releaseof endogenousZn to the extracellular spaceappearsto occur spontaneously(Charton et al., 1985; Perez-Clausell and Danscher, 1986), and has been shown to be increased in a calcium-dependent fashion by either high-potassium or electrical stimulation (Assaf and Chung, 1984; Howell et al., ...
3 The Third-Person View of the Mind
... have probably stubbed your toe and thought to yourself, "that's going to hurt." Several seconds later the pain begins. This is because the neurons in your toe that detect pressure send their signals to the brain by fast myelinated axons. However, sensations of pain are conducted along unmyelinated a ...
... have probably stubbed your toe and thought to yourself, "that's going to hurt." Several seconds later the pain begins. This is because the neurons in your toe that detect pressure send their signals to the brain by fast myelinated axons. However, sensations of pain are conducted along unmyelinated a ...
The Nervous System
... norepinephrine: A neurotransmitter associated with arousal and depression reduction endorphins: Chemicals produced by the brain that act to reduce pain The Nervous System Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems central nervous system (CNS): The system made up of the brain and spinal cord spinal cord: ...
... norepinephrine: A neurotransmitter associated with arousal and depression reduction endorphins: Chemicals produced by the brain that act to reduce pain The Nervous System Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems central nervous system (CNS): The system made up of the brain and spinal cord spinal cord: ...
The Nervous System Organization of the Nervous System
... Neuroglia in the Peripheral Nervous System Schwann cells are most important glial cells in peripheral nervous system. Cover every axon outside CNS (whether myelinated or unmyelinated). This myelin sheath increases impulse conduction rate. Anatomy and Physiology for Engineers Slide 5-11 ...
... Neuroglia in the Peripheral Nervous System Schwann cells are most important glial cells in peripheral nervous system. Cover every axon outside CNS (whether myelinated or unmyelinated). This myelin sheath increases impulse conduction rate. Anatomy and Physiology for Engineers Slide 5-11 ...
Page SCH 23390 SCH 23390 is a synthetic compound that
... one with [ C]SCH 23390 and the other under placebo conditions as well as with a group of healthy elderly adults. As expected a load-dependent working memory effect in frontoparietal regions along with age-related reductions within the same network were observed. Moreover, younger adults under the in ...
... one with [ C]SCH 23390 and the other under placebo conditions as well as with a group of healthy elderly adults. As expected a load-dependent working memory effect in frontoparietal regions along with age-related reductions within the same network were observed. Moreover, younger adults under the in ...
Inhibition
... Inhibition of Return • Inhibition of Return – Past researchers have concluded that there is an inhibitory mechanism to look towards the area of a stimuli that was already presented ...
... Inhibition of Return • Inhibition of Return – Past researchers have concluded that there is an inhibitory mechanism to look towards the area of a stimuli that was already presented ...
Taste
... Provide large surface area to maximize contact with dissolved tastants. Basolateral pole: Contains typical organelles of epithelial cells. Synapses onto primary gustatory afferents (first-order taste neurons), which project to brain via the central gustatory pathway. ...
... Provide large surface area to maximize contact with dissolved tastants. Basolateral pole: Contains typical organelles of epithelial cells. Synapses onto primary gustatory afferents (first-order taste neurons), which project to brain via the central gustatory pathway. ...
Neurobiology of Addiction
... • Neurons • Information is stored • Feelings are sensed • Actions are initiated • Held together by cell membrane (lipids and proteins) • Action potentials = action • Synapse • Presynaptic region • Postsynaptic region • Neurotransmitters • Drugs • Act at presynaptic terminal or postsynaptic membrane ...
... • Neurons • Information is stored • Feelings are sensed • Actions are initiated • Held together by cell membrane (lipids and proteins) • Action potentials = action • Synapse • Presynaptic region • Postsynaptic region • Neurotransmitters • Drugs • Act at presynaptic terminal or postsynaptic membrane ...
Gee JNeuro 2012 - Stanford University
... Surprisingly, this afterdepolarization is masked in quiescent brain slices, but is readily unmasked by physiologic levels of synaptic input which activate NMDA receptors, possibly explaining why this phenomenon has not been reported previously. Notably, we could still elicit this afterdepolarization ...
... Surprisingly, this afterdepolarization is masked in quiescent brain slices, but is readily unmasked by physiologic levels of synaptic input which activate NMDA receptors, possibly explaining why this phenomenon has not been reported previously. Notably, we could still elicit this afterdepolarization ...
The Role of Neurotrophins in Neurotransmitter Release
... The neurotrophins (NTs) have recently been shown to elicit pronounced effects on quantal neurotransmitter release at both central and peripheral nervous system synapses. Due to their activitydependent release, as well as the subcellular localization of both protein and receptor, NTs are ideally suit ...
... The neurotrophins (NTs) have recently been shown to elicit pronounced effects on quantal neurotransmitter release at both central and peripheral nervous system synapses. Due to their activitydependent release, as well as the subcellular localization of both protein and receptor, NTs are ideally suit ...
Molecular neuroscience
Molecular neuroscience is a branch of neuroscience that observes concepts in molecular biology applied to the nervous systems of animals. The scope of this subject primarily pertains to a reductionist view of neuroscience, considering topics such as molecular neuroanatomy, mechanisms of molecular signaling in the nervous system, the effects of genetics on neuronal development, and the molecular basis for neuroplasticity and neurodegenerative diseases. As with molecular biology, molecular neuroscience is a relatively new field that is considerably dynamic.