Lecture 2 Powerpoint file
... enter the cell, depolarizing the membrane – Na+ disperses along membrane, spreading depolarization that decreases in strength with distance ...
... enter the cell, depolarizing the membrane – Na+ disperses along membrane, spreading depolarization that decreases in strength with distance ...
APP Ch_3 Outline
... Action Potential – A very brief shift in a Neuron’s electrical charge that travels along an axon. Absolute Refractory Period – Minimum length of time after an action potential during which another action potential cannot begin. Only about 1 or 2 Milliseconds. All-Or-None Law – Neural Impulses ...
... Action Potential – A very brief shift in a Neuron’s electrical charge that travels along an axon. Absolute Refractory Period – Minimum length of time after an action potential during which another action potential cannot begin. Only about 1 or 2 Milliseconds. All-Or-None Law – Neural Impulses ...
Chapter 3
... – usually results from cation channels opening – partial depolarization makes cell more excitable • If NT causes hyperpolarization inhibitory PSP (IPSP) – inhibitory because membrane is further from threshold – usually result of K+ or Cl- channels opening ...
... – usually results from cation channels opening – partial depolarization makes cell more excitable • If NT causes hyperpolarization inhibitory PSP (IPSP) – inhibitory because membrane is further from threshold – usually result of K+ or Cl- channels opening ...
1. Cell body - greinerudsd
... • The terminals contain tiny sacs (vesicles) that contain neurotransmitters chemical signals • Impulse triggers release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft (via exocytosis) – Neurotransmitters diffuse across gap & bind to receptors on the adjacent neuron – Cause the impulse to continue (i ...
... • The terminals contain tiny sacs (vesicles) that contain neurotransmitters chemical signals • Impulse triggers release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft (via exocytosis) – Neurotransmitters diffuse across gap & bind to receptors on the adjacent neuron – Cause the impulse to continue (i ...
Slide
... • Concurrent stimulation of weak and strong synapses to a given neuron strengthens the weak ones. ...
... • Concurrent stimulation of weak and strong synapses to a given neuron strengthens the weak ones. ...
Adult Cortical Plasticity
... Long-term potentiation (LTP) and Long-term depression (LTD) -- Persistent increase or decrease in synaptic response due to repetitive activity, found in hippocampus and cortex -- Brief high-frequency stimulation – LTP Prolonged low-frequency stimulation – LTD Mechanism: 1. Induction of either LTP or ...
... Long-term potentiation (LTP) and Long-term depression (LTD) -- Persistent increase or decrease in synaptic response due to repetitive activity, found in hippocampus and cortex -- Brief high-frequency stimulation – LTP Prolonged low-frequency stimulation – LTD Mechanism: 1. Induction of either LTP or ...
Chapter 48 - cloudfront.net
... the postsynaptic membrane potential. If the neurotransmitters cause the K+ and Na+ ion channels to open and depolarization takes place then they’re called excitatory postsynaptic potentials(EPSPs) because the inside of the cell will be more positive which will bring the membrane potential closer tow ...
... the postsynaptic membrane potential. If the neurotransmitters cause the K+ and Na+ ion channels to open and depolarization takes place then they’re called excitatory postsynaptic potentials(EPSPs) because the inside of the cell will be more positive which will bring the membrane potential closer tow ...
Neurons Firing of a neuron
... How Neurons Communicate • Synapse • Synaptic gap (synaptic cleft) • Neurotransmitters – chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons. When released by the sending neuron, neurotransmitters travel across the synapse and bind to receptor sites on the receiving neuron, thereby infl ...
... How Neurons Communicate • Synapse • Synaptic gap (synaptic cleft) • Neurotransmitters – chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons. When released by the sending neuron, neurotransmitters travel across the synapse and bind to receptor sites on the receiving neuron, thereby infl ...
SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION I Tim Murphy NRSC 500, 2011
... in the RRP, but Pr high undergoes depression. ...
... in the RRP, but Pr high undergoes depression. ...
Drug Addiction - Perelman School of Medicine at the
... one another and to nonneuronal cells such as muscles or glands. ...
... one another and to nonneuronal cells such as muscles or glands. ...
Name Date ______ Nervous System and Endocrine System Exam
... 3. The change in the environment that starts an impulse in a receptor is called a ___________________________. 4. The structure that detects a stimulus is called a _____________________________. 5. The reaction to a stimulus is called a __________________________. 6. The ________________________ is ...
... 3. The change in the environment that starts an impulse in a receptor is called a ___________________________. 4. The structure that detects a stimulus is called a _____________________________. 5. The reaction to a stimulus is called a __________________________. 6. The ________________________ is ...
Nervous System: General Principles
... Synapses • Areas where neurons communicate with other cells • Can be chemical (with neurotransmitters) or electrical (gap junctions) ...
... Synapses • Areas where neurons communicate with other cells • Can be chemical (with neurotransmitters) or electrical (gap junctions) ...
ActionPotentialWebquestCompleteGarrettIan
... 4. After sodium ions have flooded into the cell and the sodium gates close, what happens to the potassium ions? 5. How does an action potential conduct along an axon? 6. Describe and draw an action potential. Part 3 – Ions Control Membrane Potential Go to http://www.bristol.ac.uk/synaptic/basics/bas ...
... 4. After sodium ions have flooded into the cell and the sodium gates close, what happens to the potassium ions? 5. How does an action potential conduct along an axon? 6. Describe and draw an action potential. Part 3 – Ions Control Membrane Potential Go to http://www.bristol.ac.uk/synaptic/basics/bas ...
Neuroscience and Behavior
... • Peripheral Nervous System – Somatic Nervous System – Autonomic Nervous System • Sympathetic Nervous System • Parasympathetic Nervous System ...
... • Peripheral Nervous System – Somatic Nervous System – Autonomic Nervous System • Sympathetic Nervous System • Parasympathetic Nervous System ...
Reflex Arc - TangHua2012-2013
... __________________________ (speeds up activity) and ________________________ (slows down activity) are examples of neurotransmitters. When an impulse reaches the end of the axon like it usually would, not only does Na+ come into the axon, but Ca+2 as well since _____________________ ________________ ...
... __________________________ (speeds up activity) and ________________________ (slows down activity) are examples of neurotransmitters. When an impulse reaches the end of the axon like it usually would, not only does Na+ come into the axon, but Ca+2 as well since _____________________ ________________ ...
Nervous system
... the special site between the two neuron where the information transmit Structure pre-synaptic membrane: ...
... the special site between the two neuron where the information transmit Structure pre-synaptic membrane: ...
Chapter 12 Nervous System Cells
... • Stages of repair of an axon in a peripheral motor neuron – Following injury, distal portion of axon and myelin sheath degenerates – Macrophages remove the debris – Remaining neurilemma and endoneurium form a tunnel from the point of injury to the effector – New Schwann cells grow in the tunnel to ...
... • Stages of repair of an axon in a peripheral motor neuron – Following injury, distal portion of axon and myelin sheath degenerates – Macrophages remove the debris – Remaining neurilemma and endoneurium form a tunnel from the point of injury to the effector – New Schwann cells grow in the tunnel to ...
Lecture 1 st week
... inhibit it, or modify its sensitivity in some other way – e.g. acetylcholine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, histamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, serotonin, and glutamate – they always transmit the signals in one direction from the neuron = principle of one-way conduction : the neuron t ...
... inhibit it, or modify its sensitivity in some other way – e.g. acetylcholine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, histamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, serotonin, and glutamate – they always transmit the signals in one direction from the neuron = principle of one-way conduction : the neuron t ...
collinsnervoussystem (1)
... that is already inside the axon (thus Neurons at rest have a slightly negative charge). • The mixing of + and – ions causes an electrical charge that opens up the next portal (letting in more K) while closing the original portal. • Process continues down axon to the axon ...
... that is already inside the axon (thus Neurons at rest have a slightly negative charge). • The mixing of + and – ions causes an electrical charge that opens up the next portal (letting in more K) while closing the original portal. • Process continues down axon to the axon ...
File
... 2. Integration: Interpretation of sensory signals and development of a response. Occurs in brain and spinal cord. 3. Motor Output: Conduction of signals from brain or spinal cord to effector organs (muscles or glands). Controls the activity of muscles and glands, and allows the animal to ...
... 2. Integration: Interpretation of sensory signals and development of a response. Occurs in brain and spinal cord. 3. Motor Output: Conduction of signals from brain or spinal cord to effector organs (muscles or glands). Controls the activity of muscles and glands, and allows the animal to ...
Introduction to the Nervous System and Nerve Tissue
... between smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and some neurons of the CNS. Provide fast, synchronized, and two-way transmission of information. 2. Chemical Synapses: Communication via chemical neurotransmitters that diffuse across a synaptic cleft. Provides slow one-way information flow ...
... between smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and some neurons of the CNS. Provide fast, synchronized, and two-way transmission of information. 2. Chemical Synapses: Communication via chemical neurotransmitters that diffuse across a synaptic cleft. Provides slow one-way information flow ...
Chemical synapse
Chemical synapses are specialized junctions through which neurons signal to each other and to non-neuronal cells such as those in muscles or glands. Chemical synapses allow neurons to form circuits within the central nervous system. They are crucial to the biological computations that underlie perception and thought. They allow the nervous system to connect to and control other systems of the body.At a chemical synapse, one neuron releases neurotransmitter molecules into a small space (the synaptic cleft) that is adjacent to another neuron. The neurotransmitters are kept within small sacs called vesicles, and are released into the synaptic cleft by exocytosis. These molecules then bind to receptors on the postsynaptic cell's side of the synaptic cleft. Finally, the neurotransmitters must be cleared from the synapse through one of several potential mechanisms including enzymatic degradation or re-uptake by specific transporters either on the presynaptic cell or possibly by neuroglia to terminate the action of the transmitter.The adult human brain is estimated to contain from 1014 to 5 × 1014 (100–500 trillion) synapses. Every cubic millimeter of cerebral cortex contains roughly a billion (short scale, i.e. 109) of them.The word ""synapse"" comes from ""synaptein"", which Sir Charles Scott Sherrington and colleagues coined from the Greek ""syn-"" (""together"") and ""haptein"" (""to clasp""). Chemical synapses are not the only type of biological synapse: electrical and immunological synapses also exist. Without a qualifier, however, ""synapse"" commonly means chemical synapse.