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8a nerve cells 10a
8a nerve cells 10a

... NEUROLEMMA is the name of the plasma membrane (outermost covering) of a neuron. DENDRITES function to receive the signal and carry the nerve conduction toward the cell body. SOMA (cell body) is where the nucleus, ribosomes, and most organelles are located AXON HILLOCK is the area on the soma where t ...
The Nerve Impulse
The Nerve Impulse

... information with only close neighbors, and do not produce action potentials. • When stimulated, local neurons produce graded potentials which are membrane potentials that vary in magnitude and do not follow the all-or-none law,. • A local neuron depolarizes or hyperpolarizes in proportion to the sti ...
Day 3 - EE Sharif
Day 3 - EE Sharif

The Nerve Impulse
The Nerve Impulse

... information with only close neighbors, and do not produce action potentials. • When stimulated, local neurons produce graded potentials which are membrane potentials that vary in magnitude and do not follow the all-or-none law,. • A local neuron depolarizes or hyperpolarizes in proportion to the sti ...
What changes in the brain when we learn?
What changes in the brain when we learn?

... electrical entity (“microchip,” Fig. 1, lower left). When stimulated (e.g., by sensory input, by direct electrical stimulation or by other neurons connected to it, see below) it generates a series of prototypical electrical signals called “spikes” (Fig. 1, lower right). Each of these spikes has a ra ...
Case Study 55
Case Study 55

Spinal Cord and Ear - Mrs.Simmons Anatomy & Physiology I Lab IRSC
Spinal Cord and Ear - Mrs.Simmons Anatomy & Physiology I Lab IRSC

... Have to answer questions from the activity to get credit can do all these at home: – Reaction time from a learned stimulus (with the ruler) p.345 Act.9 – Two-point discrimination p356 Act.2 – Adaptation of touch receptors p.357 Act. 5 – Determination of blind spot p. 371 Act. 5 ...
Human Anatomy, First Edition McKinley&O'Loughlin
Human Anatomy, First Edition McKinley&O'Loughlin

... Neurons vary widely in morphology and location. They can be classified according to either their structure or their function. Neurons can be classified according to the number of processes extending from the cell body. ...
the nervous system
the nervous system

... Na inflow: depolarisation : threshold potential: positive feedback: ...
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)

... vicinity (100 µm) of the tip. The largest signals originate from the large pyramidal cells of layer V which have a cell body size of about 10-30 µm. After high-pass filtering the signal at >300 Hz, neurons can be distinguished from others by their signal shape. By spike detection and sorting, each s ...
pharm chapter 8 [3-16
pharm chapter 8 [3-16

...  Cellular organization of autonomic and peripheral nervous system involves limited number of neurons that make few connections o Somatic and sensory info carried directly between spinal cord and periphery o Autonomic nerves – signal must undergo synaptic transmission between preganglionic and postg ...
Ch 15: Autonomic Division of NS
Ch 15: Autonomic Division of NS

Chapter 12 - Nervous Tissue
Chapter 12 - Nervous Tissue

... a. ____________ - star-shaped cells with many processes; functions: 1) Form structural support between ________ and _______ of the CNS 2) Take up & release __ to control the neuronal environment 3) Establish the ______-____ barrier c. _________ - small, phagocytic cells derived from monocytes; phago ...
Introduction to electrophysiological recordings
Introduction to electrophysiological recordings

... Compute the power spectrum: portion of a signal's power (energy per unit time) falling within given frequency bins; e.g. how much energy in the α range α and β components ...
UNIT 3
UNIT 3

... During an absolute refractory period, another impulse cannot be generated at all no matter how large the stimulus. A relative refractory period can be triggered by a suprathreshold stimulus. Action potentials cannot be summed. Refractory periods limit the rate at which signals can be transmitted and ...
Nervous System - cloudfront.net
Nervous System - cloudfront.net

L7- Physiology of Co..
L7- Physiology of Co..

... Peripheral chemoreceptors are stimulated by decreased or increased CO2, increased H+ ion concentration, and decreased pH and low O2. When peripheral chemoreceptors are stimulated, the impulses transmitted from these receptor sites to the dorsal inspiratory area causes the switch off of the inspirato ...
Yuste-Banbury-2006 - The Swartz Foundation
Yuste-Banbury-2006 - The Swartz Foundation

... almost completely on NMDA receptor activation, even with low-frequency stimulation. The inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA also increased [Ca2+]i, probably via voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels, whereas the neuromodulator acetylcholine caused Ca2+ release from intracellular stores via a muscarinic recep ...
Auditory Worksheet Answers
Auditory Worksheet Answers

... High frequency sounds are coded by tonotopy (labeled line). This means that frequency information from hair cells are preserved throughout the auditory pathway. Lower frequency sounds is place-coded onto the apex, higher frequency sounds place-coded onto base. This is due to the structure of the bas ...
PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION BSc Counselling Psychology
PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION BSc Counselling Psychology

... 26. _________________ are the tiny pouches or sacs in the axon terminals that contain chemicals called neurotransmitters. a. Synapses b. Synaptic vesicles ...
Hearing the Call of Neurons PowerPoint
Hearing the Call of Neurons PowerPoint

... Neuron Doctrine 1. The neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system 2. Neurons are individual cells not continuous with other cells 3. Neurons have three functional parts: dendrites, soma and axon. ...
Vision - Florida Atlantic University
Vision - Florida Atlantic University

...  Reduces cGMP -> closes NA+ channels ...
Learning pattern recognition and decision making in the insect brain
Learning pattern recognition and decision making in the insect brain

Top-down influence in early visual processing: a Bayesian perspective
Top-down influence in early visual processing: a Bayesian perspective

... observed in the past and in the surrounding. V1 tries to find the Si that maximises P(EjSi)P(SijH)P(H), i.e., explaining E as well as being predicted by H optimally. This scheme can be applied again to higher areas recursively to form the whole hierarchy of inference. In this framework, each cortica ...
Neurons with Two Sites of Synaptic Integration Learn Invariant
Neurons with Two Sites of Synaptic Integration Learn Invariant

... 1.2 The Computational Role of Invariances. As invariant response properties are such a ubiquitous property of sensory systems, what are their computational advantages? In many categorization tasks, the output should be unchanged—or invariant—when the input is subject to various transformations. An i ...
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Neural coding

Neural coding is a neuroscience-related field concerned with characterizing the relationship between the stimulus and the individual or ensemble neuronal responses and the relationship among the electrical activity of the neurons in the ensemble. Based on the theory thatsensory and other information is represented in the brain by networks of neurons, it is thought that neurons can encode both digital and analog information.
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