IMOS National Reference Station (NRS) Network
... • The NRS data have been used, in part, to describe recent poleward range extensions of species (for a review see Poloczanska et al., 2007). A good example of how the Maria Island NRS has played this enabling role is a study of range extension of the habitat controlling the sea urchin Centrosptep ...
... • The NRS data have been used, in part, to describe recent poleward range extensions of species (for a review see Poloczanska et al., 2007). A good example of how the Maria Island NRS has played this enabling role is a study of range extension of the habitat controlling the sea urchin Centrosptep ...
Essential Standard Marine Biology
... M.B.2.1.1 Identify the different layers of the earth and describe how the asthenosphere affects the movement of tectonic plates M.B 2.1.2 Describe the theory of plate tectonics and continental drift. Students will identify the evidence supporting Wegener's theory of continental drift M.B 2.1.3 Descr ...
... M.B.2.1.1 Identify the different layers of the earth and describe how the asthenosphere affects the movement of tectonic plates M.B 2.1.2 Describe the theory of plate tectonics and continental drift. Students will identify the evidence supporting Wegener's theory of continental drift M.B 2.1.3 Descr ...
Epstein_paleotempera..
... of the material is in, and some of the attempts were unsuccessful. However one of the experimental batches of animals has been analyzed and the results are presented later. Consequently, shell-bearing marine animals were collected from locations which have a minimum annual variation of temperature. ...
... of the material is in, and some of the attempts were unsuccessful. However one of the experimental batches of animals has been analyzed and the results are presented later. Consequently, shell-bearing marine animals were collected from locations which have a minimum annual variation of temperature. ...
![Hirn and Laigle [2004]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/016241152_1-94ccf91c94bda93b4db1ea9c4d06f8a2-300x300.png)
Hirn and Laigle [2004]
... Nankai is then consistent with more recent rupture on these segments. Silent earthquakes could herald their evolution to preseismic stage, because the seismic tremor indicates water availability, although this may be modulated by local structure. In the Cascadia subduction zone, seismic tremor and s ...
... Nankai is then consistent with more recent rupture on these segments. Silent earthquakes could herald their evolution to preseismic stage, because the seismic tremor indicates water availability, although this may be modulated by local structure. In the Cascadia subduction zone, seismic tremor and s ...
The Indian Ocean and the Himalayas : a geological - E
... faults dissect the Mid-Atlantic ridge just north of the Equator. The sharp, often 1000 m deep depressed features have not yet been filled by sediments; this points to their young age, and also indicates scouring by deep-water circulation between basins otherwise separated by the oceanic ridges (Heez ...
... faults dissect the Mid-Atlantic ridge just north of the Equator. The sharp, often 1000 m deep depressed features have not yet been filled by sediments; this points to their young age, and also indicates scouring by deep-water circulation between basins otherwise separated by the oceanic ridges (Heez ...
Milky Seas: A New Science Frontier for Nighttime Visible
... On rare occasions over the centuries, mariners have returned from long excursions at sea with fascinating tales of glowing ocean waters. The ‘milky seas’ coined by these observers describes vast expanses of seemingly ‘white’ water which glow constantly and over great distances. Milky seas are noctur ...
... On rare occasions over the centuries, mariners have returned from long excursions at sea with fascinating tales of glowing ocean waters. The ‘milky seas’ coined by these observers describes vast expanses of seemingly ‘white’ water which glow constantly and over great distances. Milky seas are noctur ...
IOC/SCOR Workshop on Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics
... (IGBP)program is primarily concerned with averagechanges in the flux ofbiogenic elements (particularly carbon) and the role of ocean primary production in the exchange of carbon dioxide between the ocean and atmosphere especially in the context of global warming. In particular JGOFS addresses the ro ...
... (IGBP)program is primarily concerned with averagechanges in the flux ofbiogenic elements (particularly carbon) and the role of ocean primary production in the exchange of carbon dioxide between the ocean and atmosphere especially in the context of global warming. In particular JGOFS addresses the ro ...
Chapter 13: Biological productivity and energy transfer
... Photosynthetic bacteria Extremely small May be responsible for half of total photosynthetic biomass in oceans ...
... Photosynthetic bacteria Extremely small May be responsible for half of total photosynthetic biomass in oceans ...
A.B. Roy - Indian Geophysical Union
... water is linked with sudden down-sagging of the ocean floor (as it normally happens in case of Subduction related faulting). Under such a situation, there will be an unusual incidence of ebbing tide in the coastal regions; and the sea in such situations will recede from the coast, before the tsunami ...
... water is linked with sudden down-sagging of the ocean floor (as it normally happens in case of Subduction related faulting). Under such a situation, there will be an unusual incidence of ebbing tide in the coastal regions; and the sea in such situations will recede from the coast, before the tsunami ...
Earth System Chapter 17 PowerPoint
... unlike the continents, was essentially flat. • Many people also had the misconceptions that oceanic crust was unchanging and was much older than continental crust. • Advances in technology during the 1940s and 1950s, however, proved all of these widely accepted ideas to be wrong. ...
... unlike the continents, was essentially flat. • Many people also had the misconceptions that oceanic crust was unchanging and was much older than continental crust. • Advances in technology during the 1940s and 1950s, however, proved all of these widely accepted ideas to be wrong. ...
Waves are moving energy
... • This thrusted the seafloor upward, displacing >30 feet of water above it • The resulting tsunami spread across the Indian Ocean, literally washing away many coastal villages and causing approximartely 300,000 human deaths in Indonesia (esp. Thailand) and along coastal India and Africa • Although m ...
... • This thrusted the seafloor upward, displacing >30 feet of water above it • The resulting tsunami spread across the Indian Ocean, literally washing away many coastal villages and causing approximartely 300,000 human deaths in Indonesia (esp. Thailand) and along coastal India and Africa • Although m ...
Chapter 19 - Heritage Collegiate
... continents cut through the ocean crust much like an icebreaker, but no evidence was found showing the ocean crust deformed where a continent moved through it. By 1968, enough data had been gathered to explain how the continents drifted apart after the break up of Pangaea. The explanation for the mov ...
... continents cut through the ocean crust much like an icebreaker, but no evidence was found showing the ocean crust deformed where a continent moved through it. By 1968, enough data had been gathered to explain how the continents drifted apart after the break up of Pangaea. The explanation for the mov ...
AGENDA
... viruses that infect protists are more abundant in the ocean than previously thought. Our work on vibrios involves lab and field studies designed to determine how environmental conditions control the abundance of virulent strains of pathogenic vibrios in coastal waters. Our data reveal that the tempo ...
... viruses that infect protists are more abundant in the ocean than previously thought. Our work on vibrios involves lab and field studies designed to determine how environmental conditions control the abundance of virulent strains of pathogenic vibrios in coastal waters. Our data reveal that the tempo ...
Plate Tectonics The unifying concept of the Earth sciences. Plate
... made up of about 20 distinct “plates” (~ 100 km thick), which move relative to each other • This motion is what causes earthquakes and makes mountain ranges ...
... made up of about 20 distinct “plates” (~ 100 km thick), which move relative to each other • This motion is what causes earthquakes and makes mountain ranges ...
Upper Arctic Ocean water masses harbor distinct
... current environmental selection, and different taxa may be indicative of food webs that cycle carbon and energy very differently. While all oceanic water columns can be density stratified due to the temperature and salinity characteristics of different water masses, the Arctic Ocean is particularly ...
... current environmental selection, and different taxa may be indicative of food webs that cycle carbon and energy very differently. While all oceanic water columns can be density stratified due to the temperature and salinity characteristics of different water masses, the Arctic Ocean is particularly ...
Nature template - PC Word 97 - University of Colorado Boulder
... hydration is likely to extend well into the oceanic lithosphere, and Wen and Anderson [1995] estimate an annual flux of lithosphere of 265 km3. Furthermore, water released by dehydration of the subducting slab below 200 km depth, will likely be captured by the hot olivine in the overlying mantle wed ...
... hydration is likely to extend well into the oceanic lithosphere, and Wen and Anderson [1995] estimate an annual flux of lithosphere of 265 km3. Furthermore, water released by dehydration of the subducting slab below 200 km depth, will likely be captured by the hot olivine in the overlying mantle wed ...
Lecture_Ch01 - Rev 10-1
... • No written records exist of Pacific human history before the 16th Century. • Archeological evidence suggests island occupation by people from New Guinea as early as 4000–5000 B.C. • Polynesians reached nearly all the Pacific islands by about 1200 AD • Thor Heyerdahl sailed on a balsa raft – the Ko ...
... • No written records exist of Pacific human history before the 16th Century. • Archeological evidence suggests island occupation by people from New Guinea as early as 4000–5000 B.C. • Polynesians reached nearly all the Pacific islands by about 1200 AD • Thor Heyerdahl sailed on a balsa raft – the Ko ...
THE FIRST SUPERCONTINENT — 1.1 BILLION YEARS AGO
... By 2.5 billion years ago about 25% of the current continental crust had formed. These most ancient land masses, or shields, are shown in green on this sketch. (In their current locations, not where they formed.) They represent the cores of the landmasses that collided to form Rodinia.© www.jamestown ...
... By 2.5 billion years ago about 25% of the current continental crust had formed. These most ancient land masses, or shields, are shown in green on this sketch. (In their current locations, not where they formed.) They represent the cores of the landmasses that collided to form Rodinia.© www.jamestown ...
part 1 - North Pacific Marine Science Organization
... In the past decade, a MnO2- impregnated cartridge technique has been widely to extract 234Th from seawater. One of the inherent assumptions associated with this technique is that all Th species in the dissolved phase are subject to extraction by the MnO2. An inter-calibration between the cartr ...
... In the past decade, a MnO2- impregnated cartridge technique has been widely to extract 234Th from seawater. One of the inherent assumptions associated with this technique is that all Th species in the dissolved phase are subject to extraction by the MnO2. An inter-calibration between the cartr ...
- GODAC Data Site -NUUNKUI
... constructed, it was also tested under the water pressure found at 10,000m ...
... constructed, it was also tested under the water pressure found at 10,000m ...
Renewable Energies from the Ocean.pdf
... Air–sea interaction is, according to Geer (1), the interchange of energy (e.g., heat and kinetic energy) and mass (e.g., moisture and particles) that takes place across the active surface interface between the top layer of the ocean and the layer of air in contact with it and vice versa. The fluxes ...
... Air–sea interaction is, according to Geer (1), the interchange of energy (e.g., heat and kinetic energy) and mass (e.g., moisture and particles) that takes place across the active surface interface between the top layer of the ocean and the layer of air in contact with it and vice versa. The fluxes ...
Genesis of the Supercontinent Cycle Geological Society of America
... However, that this long-recognized history of episodicity in tectonic processes was the manifestation of a long-term cycle of supercontinent assembly and breakup was first proposed by Worsley et al. at the San Franciso AGU in 1982. Since the assembly of supercontinents requires continents to collide ...
... However, that this long-recognized history of episodicity in tectonic processes was the manifestation of a long-term cycle of supercontinent assembly and breakup was first proposed by Worsley et al. at the San Franciso AGU in 1982. Since the assembly of supercontinents requires continents to collide ...
English - Global Environment Facility
... resources. Yet, to date, only a small portion of the deep sea and the open ocean has been investigated in detail. The pelagic ocean covers an area of 1.3 billion km3, of which only a fraction has been studied in detail. Over the past decades, human activities in ABNJ have increased exponentially, w ...
... resources. Yet, to date, only a small portion of the deep sea and the open ocean has been investigated in detail. The pelagic ocean covers an area of 1.3 billion km3, of which only a fraction has been studied in detail. Over the past decades, human activities in ABNJ have increased exponentially, w ...
Chemical and tracer studies in coral reef interstitial waters (French
... and P6 in Tahiti. In boreholes P5 and P6, positive redox potential values in the first 20 m together with the presence of free oxygen confirm the turbulent penetration of aerated TOW through the outer margin of the reef. Oxic conditions progressively disappeared below 30 m marking the major influenc ...
... and P6 in Tahiti. In boreholes P5 and P6, positive redox potential values in the first 20 m together with the presence of free oxygen confirm the turbulent penetration of aerated TOW through the outer margin of the reef. Oxic conditions progressively disappeared below 30 m marking the major influenc ...
expedition 8 worksheet as a pdf
... pattern) - which supported Hess' seafloor spreading hypothesis -- it therefore appeared that the oceanic lithosphere should be older with greater distance from the center of the mid-ocean ridge where it first formed By matching the reversal history to the magnetic patterns under the sea, and assumin ...
... pattern) - which supported Hess' seafloor spreading hypothesis -- it therefore appeared that the oceanic lithosphere should be older with greater distance from the center of the mid-ocean ridge where it first formed By matching the reversal history to the magnetic patterns under the sea, and assumin ...
Ocean
An ocean (from Ancient Greek Ὠκεανός, transc. Okeanós, the sea of classical antiquity) is a body of saline water that composes much of a planet's hydrosphere. On Earth, an ocean is one of the major conventional divisions of the World Ocean, which covers almost 71% of its surface. These are, in descending order by area, the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, and Arctic Oceans. The word sea is often used interchangeably with ""ocean"" in American English but, strictly speaking, a sea is a body of saline water (generally a division of the world ocean) partly or fully enclosed by land.Saline water covers approximately 72% of the planet's surface (~3.6×108 km2) and is customarily divided into several principal oceans and smaller seas, with the ocean covering approximately 71% of Earth's surface. The ocean contains 97% of Earth's water, and oceanographers have stated that only 5% of the World Ocean has been explored. The total volume is approximately 1.35 billion cubic kilometers (320 million cu mi) with an average depth of nearly 3,700 meters (12,100 ft).As it is the principal component of Earth's hydrosphere, the world ocean is integral to all known life, forms part of the carbon cycle, and influences climate and weather patterns. It is the habitat of 230,000 known species, although much of the oceans depths remain unexplored, and over two million marine species are estimated to exist. The origin of Earth's oceans remains unknown; oceans are thought to have formed in the Hadean period and may have been the impetus for the emergence of life.Extraterrestrial oceans may be composed of water or other elements and compounds. The only confirmed large stable bodies of extraterrestrial surface liquids are the lakes of Titan, although there is evidence for the existence of oceans elsewhere in the Solar System. Early in their geologic histories, Mars and Venus are theorized to have had large water oceans. The Mars ocean hypothesis suggests that nearly a third of the surface of Mars was once covered by water, and a runaway greenhouse effect may have boiled away the global ocean of Venus. Compounds such as salts and ammonia dissolved in water lower its freezing point, so that water might exist in large quantities in extraterrestrial environments as brine or convecting ice. Unconfirmed oceans are speculated beneath the surface of many dwarf planets and natural satellites; notably, the ocean of Europa is estimated to have over twice the water volume of Earth. The Solar System's giant planets are also thought to have liquid atmospheric layers of yet to be confirmed compositions. Oceans may also exist on exoplanets and exomoons, including surface oceans of liquid water within a circumstellar habitable zone. Ocean planets are a hypothetical type of planet with a surface completely covered with liquid.