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26: Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, White and Grey Matter
26: Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, White and Grey Matter

... medullaris, situated at the first lumbar (L1) vertebra. ...
– Necrosis Brain, Neuron 1
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ch.6
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Postnatal Expression of Neurotrophic Factors Accessible to Spiral
Postnatal Expression of Neurotrophic Factors Accessible to Spiral

... expression approximately concomitant with hearing onset. In rats deafened by daily kanamycin injections (from P8 to P16), surviving inner hair cells were evident at P16 but absent by P19, with most postsynaptic boutons lost before P16. NT-3 and CNTF, which normally increase postnatally, had signifi ...
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... Reticular Formation Functions • IV. Involved in control of arousal and consciousness – Input from multiple modalities (including pain) – Ascending pathways from RF project to thalamus, cortex, and other structures. – Thalamus is important in maintaining arousal and “cortical tone” – This system is ...
A.3: Perception of Stimuli
A.3: Perception of Stimuli

... Sensory Receptors  CHEMORECEPTORS  Have proteins in their membranes that can bind to a particular substance and initiate an action potential  Chemoreceptors in the nose sense smell  Chemoreceptors on our tongues (taste buds) detect taste  Chemoreceptors in our blood vessels detect blood pH  P ...
Descending Tracts
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The Nervous System - Livonia Public Schools
The Nervous System - Livonia Public Schools

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AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

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The Cl Area of the Brainstem in Tonic and Reflex
The Cl Area of the Brainstem in Tonic and Reflex

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Nervous System Injuries Research Paper

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The Nervous System
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peripheral nervous system
peripheral nervous system

... The ANS motor unit is characterized by having more than one motor neuron, the axons may be myelinated or unmyelinated, conduction is slow, and the axons are thin. The ANS has two divisions: sympathetic and parasympathetic. SYMPATHETIC DIVISION This is involved in ↑heart rate and blood pressure, ↑met ...
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5 PNS and ANS

... The ANS motor unit is characterized by having more than one motor neuron, the axons may be myelinated or unmyelinated, conduction is slow, and the axons are thin. The ANS has two divisions: sympathetic and parasympathetic. SYMPATHETIC DIVISION This is involved in ↑heart rate and blood pressure, ↑met ...
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Oct2011_Computers_Brains_Extra_Mural

... The brain is like a puzzle in that one cannot understand any one region completely unless one understands how that region fits into the brain's overall functional information processing architecture. The Hypothalamus is the core of the brain having spontaneously active neurons that “animate” everyth ...
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Glossary of Neuroanatomical Terms and Eponyms
Glossary of Neuroanatomical Terms and Eponyms

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Chapter 12: Neural Tissue
Chapter 12: Neural Tissue

... organs via axons called efferent fibers. - the 2 major efferent systems are: 1. the somatic nervous system (SNS), including all the somatic motor neurons that innervate skeletal muscles. 2. the autonomic nervous system (ANS), including the visceral motor neurons that innervate all other peripheral e ...
test1 - Scioly.org
test1 - Scioly.org

... The __________ division of the nervous system consists of nerve fibers that carry impulses to the CNS from the sensory receptors and keeps the CNS constantly informed of the activities going on inside and outside the body. ...
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Circumventricular organs

Circumventricular organs (CVOs) are structures in the brain that are characterized by their extensive vasculature and lack of a normal blood brain barrier (BBB). The CVOs allow for the linkage between the central nervous system and peripheral blood flow; additionally they are an integral part of neuroendocrine function. The lack of a blood brain barrier allows the CVOs to act as an alternative route for peptides and hormones in the neural tissue to the peripheral blood stream, while still protecting it from toxic substances. CVOs can be classified into (a) sensory and (b) secretory organs. The sensory organs include the area postrema (AP), the subfornical organ (SFO) and the vascular organ of lamina terminalis. They have the ability to sense plasma molecules and then pass that information into other regions of the brain. Through this, they provide direct information to the autonomic nervous system from the systemic circulation. The secretory organs include the subcommissural organ (SCO), the posterior pituitary, the pineal gland, the median eminence and the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland. These organs are responsible for secreting hormones and glycoproteins into the peripheral vascular system using feedback from both the brain environment and external stimuli.All of the circumventricular organs, besides the SCO, contain extensive vasculature and fenestrated capillaries which leads to a ‘leaky’ BBB at the site of the organs. Furthermore, all CVOs contain neural tissue, allowing them to play a role in the neuroendocrine system. It is highly debated if the choroid plexus can be included as a CVO. It has a high concentration of fenestrated capillaries, but its lack of neural tissue and its primary role of producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) usually excludes the choroid plexus from the CVO classification.Research has also linked CVOs to body fluid regulation, cardiovascular functions, immune responses, thirst, feeding behavior and reproductive behavior.
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