Human Physiology
... 9b.Students know how the nervous system mediates communication between different parts of the body and the body’s interactions with the environment. 9d.Students know the functions of the nervous system and the role of neurons in transmitting electrochemical impulses. 9e.Students know the roles of se ...
... 9b.Students know how the nervous system mediates communication between different parts of the body and the body’s interactions with the environment. 9d.Students know the functions of the nervous system and the role of neurons in transmitting electrochemical impulses. 9e.Students know the roles of se ...
LECTURE OUTLINE
... Second, the gates of the potassium channels open, and potassium flows outside the axon. This repolarizes the axon. Conduction of an Action Potential The action potential travels down an axon one small section at a time. Transmission across a Synapse Every axon branches into many fine endings, each t ...
... Second, the gates of the potassium channels open, and potassium flows outside the axon. This repolarizes the axon. Conduction of an Action Potential The action potential travels down an axon one small section at a time. Transmission across a Synapse Every axon branches into many fine endings, each t ...
What happens in a neuron
... broad spectrum of signs and symptoms. Disease onset usually occurs in young adults, and it is more common in women. MS affects the ability of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord to communicate with each other effectively. Nerve cells communicate by sending electrical signals called action poten ...
... broad spectrum of signs and symptoms. Disease onset usually occurs in young adults, and it is more common in women. MS affects the ability of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord to communicate with each other effectively. Nerve cells communicate by sending electrical signals called action poten ...
Central Nervous System Control of Energy and Glucose
... The central nervous system (CNS) neuronal circuits integrate peripheral and central signals to appropriately regulate energy and glucose homeostasis. Serotonin 2C receptors (5-HT2CRs) expressed by the anorexigenic (appetite-suppressing) proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate ...
... The central nervous system (CNS) neuronal circuits integrate peripheral and central signals to appropriately regulate energy and glucose homeostasis. Serotonin 2C receptors (5-HT2CRs) expressed by the anorexigenic (appetite-suppressing) proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate ...
Chapter 2: Biopsychology Study Guide
... A. controls what has been called the "Fight or Flight" phenomenon because of its control over the necessary bodily changes needed when we are faced with a situation where we may need to defend ourselves or escape. Imagine walking down a dark street at night by yourself B. regulates primarily involun ...
... A. controls what has been called the "Fight or Flight" phenomenon because of its control over the necessary bodily changes needed when we are faced with a situation where we may need to defend ourselves or escape. Imagine walking down a dark street at night by yourself B. regulates primarily involun ...
Percept
... Amount of stimulation necessary for a stimulus to be detected. • Difference threshold – Smallest amount by which a stimulus can be changed and the difference be detected (also called just noticeable difference – JND). ...
... Amount of stimulation necessary for a stimulus to be detected. • Difference threshold – Smallest amount by which a stimulus can be changed and the difference be detected (also called just noticeable difference – JND). ...
Lecture 2 Powerpoint file
... • Membrane dynamically swaps charges (ions) • At “rest” positive charges accumulate on outside, negative on the inside…how? ...
... • Membrane dynamically swaps charges (ions) • At “rest” positive charges accumulate on outside, negative on the inside…how? ...
neurons
... mechanism for neurotransmitter to influence postsynaptic activity by binding to receptor ...
... mechanism for neurotransmitter to influence postsynaptic activity by binding to receptor ...
Key Elements of Sensation
... Researchers have been _______________ to identify specific basic smells, as they have for taste. It appears there are at least ________ different types of olfactory receptor cells that allow for the detections of over 10,000 different odors. The axons of the olfactory receptors travel to the _______ ...
... Researchers have been _______________ to identify specific basic smells, as they have for taste. It appears there are at least ________ different types of olfactory receptor cells that allow for the detections of over 10,000 different odors. The axons of the olfactory receptors travel to the _______ ...
The Nervous System
... HEARING – vibrations from noise in the air are sensed by three tiny bones in the ear, the HAMMER, ANVIL, and STIRRUP. These create pressure waves in the fluid of the COCHLEA, which contains tiny hairs that wave back and forth. The motion of these hairs produce the nerve impulses that are sent to th ...
... HEARING – vibrations from noise in the air are sensed by three tiny bones in the ear, the HAMMER, ANVIL, and STIRRUP. These create pressure waves in the fluid of the COCHLEA, which contains tiny hairs that wave back and forth. The motion of these hairs produce the nerve impulses that are sent to th ...
The Nervous System workbooklet
... neuron, receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron and spinal cord. 2. What is a reflex arc? 3. Identify some examples of reflexes 4. Explain why a reflex is necessary. What advantage does it have over normal responses to our environment? 5. Where is the interneuron located in a reflex arc 6. How is a st ...
... neuron, receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron and spinal cord. 2. What is a reflex arc? 3. Identify some examples of reflexes 4. Explain why a reflex is necessary. What advantage does it have over normal responses to our environment? 5. Where is the interneuron located in a reflex arc 6. How is a st ...
Document
... SENSES • Sensory Receptors - detect environmental changes and trigger nerve impulses • - somatic senses (touch, pressure, temp, pain) - special senses (smell, taste, vision, equilibrium) ...
... SENSES • Sensory Receptors - detect environmental changes and trigger nerve impulses • - somatic senses (touch, pressure, temp, pain) - special senses (smell, taste, vision, equilibrium) ...
Chapter 12
... Air-filled space with three small bones vibrations of tympanic membrane, passed to these three bones in sequence vibrations passed to inner ear Auditory tube (eustachian tube) – Connects to throat – Equalizes pressure ...
... Air-filled space with three small bones vibrations of tympanic membrane, passed to these three bones in sequence vibrations passed to inner ear Auditory tube (eustachian tube) – Connects to throat – Equalizes pressure ...
BOX 2.2 CAJAL: ICONOCLAST TO ICON Santiago Ramón y Cajal
... Cajal saw immediately that it offered great hope in solving the most vexing problem of nineteenthcentury neuroscience: How do adult nerve cells interact with one another? This realization galvanized and directed the rest of his scientific life, which was extremely productive in terms of originality, ...
... Cajal saw immediately that it offered great hope in solving the most vexing problem of nineteenthcentury neuroscience: How do adult nerve cells interact with one another? This realization galvanized and directed the rest of his scientific life, which was extremely productive in terms of originality, ...
Ageing and the nervous system
... Changes in the nervous system: • The number of nerve cells decreases, and each cell has fewer branches (Dendrites). • Some nerve cells lose their coating myelin sheet. • Decrease in the number of receptors • Loss in brain mass occurs Effects of these changes are: • The speed with which the signal tr ...
... Changes in the nervous system: • The number of nerve cells decreases, and each cell has fewer branches (Dendrites). • Some nerve cells lose their coating myelin sheet. • Decrease in the number of receptors • Loss in brain mass occurs Effects of these changes are: • The speed with which the signal tr ...
The building blocks of matter (elements and molecules) form the
... An organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function. Examples of organ systems include skeletal system, muscular system, and digestive system. The human body is made up of several organ systems that work together as one unit. The major organ systems of the body wor ...
... An organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function. Examples of organ systems include skeletal system, muscular system, and digestive system. The human body is made up of several organ systems that work together as one unit. The major organ systems of the body wor ...
What is the neuron`s resting potential?
... What causes a neuron to produce an action potential? • A neuron produces an action potential or “fires” when it generates and conducts an electrochemical signal. • A neuron receives electrochemical signals from thousands of adjacent neurons, in the form of “synapses” onto the dendrites or cell body ...
... What causes a neuron to produce an action potential? • A neuron produces an action potential or “fires” when it generates and conducts an electrochemical signal. • A neuron receives electrochemical signals from thousands of adjacent neurons, in the form of “synapses” onto the dendrites or cell body ...
What is memory? How does the brain perceive the outside
... component for hearing Hair cells convert sound pressure to “brain language” Outermost end – high frequencies Innermost end – low frequencies ...
... component for hearing Hair cells convert sound pressure to “brain language” Outermost end – high frequencies Innermost end – low frequencies ...
Zilles, Karl, Neurotransmitter Receptor Distribution
... GabaA receptors help to functional separate the ocular dominance columns... so recep distrib give u good functional info... S1 = somatosensory cortex is loaded with M2 receptor = muscarinic M2 recep sl HC =hippocampus... he shows (well known pathways) EC = entorhinal cortex to dentate gyrus in CA1 t ...
... GabaA receptors help to functional separate the ocular dominance columns... so recep distrib give u good functional info... S1 = somatosensory cortex is loaded with M2 receptor = muscarinic M2 recep sl HC =hippocampus... he shows (well known pathways) EC = entorhinal cortex to dentate gyrus in CA1 t ...
Midterm Review Answers
... 1) A neuron receives a stimulus that, by itself, can bring the neuron to threshold, but no action potential is produced. Explain what could cause this. Neurons receive input from many neurons at the same time. If the neuron is receiving many inhibitory signals from other neurons, a single excitatory ...
... 1) A neuron receives a stimulus that, by itself, can bring the neuron to threshold, but no action potential is produced. Explain what could cause this. Neurons receive input from many neurons at the same time. If the neuron is receiving many inhibitory signals from other neurons, a single excitatory ...
Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses
... The Blood-Brain Barrier Why we need a blood-brain barrier? To keep out harmful substances such as viruses, bacteria, and harmful chemicals. (Neurons cannot divide). How the blood-brain barrier works? Endothelial cells are tightly joined to one another, and many molecules, including some drugs to fi ...
... The Blood-Brain Barrier Why we need a blood-brain barrier? To keep out harmful substances such as viruses, bacteria, and harmful chemicals. (Neurons cannot divide). How the blood-brain barrier works? Endothelial cells are tightly joined to one another, and many molecules, including some drugs to fi ...
Stimulus (physiology)
In physiology, a stimulus (plural stimuli) is a detectable change in the internal or external environment. The ability of an organism or organ to respond to external stimuli is called sensitivity. When a stimulus is applied to a sensory receptor, it normally elicits or influences a reflex via stimulus transduction. These sensory receptors can receive information from outside the body, as in touch receptors found in the skin or light receptors in the eye, as well as from inside the body, as in chemoreceptors and mechanorceptors. An internal stimulus is often the first component of a homeostatic control system. External stimuli are capable of producing systemic responses throughout the body, as in the fight-or-flight response. In order for a stimulus to be detected with high probability, its level must exceed the absolute threshold; if a signal does reach threshold, the information is transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), where it is integrated and a decision on how to react is made. Although stimuli commonly cause the body to respond, it is the CNS that finally determines whether a signal causes a reaction or not.