AP Ψ - nrappsychology
... 2. Peptides- chemicals that act as neurotransmitters first discovered in the 1970’s that contain natural opiate-like compounds. a. Endorphin- can bind to the same receptors stimulated by opiates 1. Lower levels result from opiate addiction 2. Substances affecting action of endorphins: opiates: opium ...
... 2. Peptides- chemicals that act as neurotransmitters first discovered in the 1970’s that contain natural opiate-like compounds. a. Endorphin- can bind to the same receptors stimulated by opiates 1. Lower levels result from opiate addiction 2. Substances affecting action of endorphins: opiates: opium ...
Water Transport and Plant Signaling
... Water Pressure and Cells • Flaccid- has lost water • Plasmolysis- shrinks and pulls away from the cell wall (lower water potential outside the cell) • Turgid- swells and stays stiff agains the cell wall (lower water potential in the cell) ...
... Water Pressure and Cells • Flaccid- has lost water • Plasmolysis- shrinks and pulls away from the cell wall (lower water potential outside the cell) • Turgid- swells and stays stiff agains the cell wall (lower water potential in the cell) ...
Brain_s Building Blocks-Student
... – enormous increase of sodium ions inside the axon causes the inside of the axon to reverse its charge – inside becomes positive and outside becomes negative ...
... – enormous increase of sodium ions inside the axon causes the inside of the axon to reverse its charge – inside becomes positive and outside becomes negative ...
Leap 2 - Teacher - Teacher Enrichment Initiatives
... vision, taste, and sound is received by the nervous system. It is relayed through neural networks to the brain or spinal cord, which make up the central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, information is interpreted. Messages are sent from the CNS through specific nerve pathways so the appropriate bod ...
... vision, taste, and sound is received by the nervous system. It is relayed through neural networks to the brain or spinal cord, which make up the central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, information is interpreted. Messages are sent from the CNS through specific nerve pathways so the appropriate bod ...
The Special Senses
... • Senses – our perception of what is “out there” • 2 groups – General senses – Special senses ...
... • Senses – our perception of what is “out there” • 2 groups – General senses – Special senses ...
LO #1
... Fast synaptic potentials: the transmitter binds to and activates receptors that also function as ion channels – these are referred to as ionotropic receptors (1–20 ms in duration, e.g., nicotinic AChR in skeletal muscle). Recovery of the potential by receptor desensitization (inactivation) and cle ...
... Fast synaptic potentials: the transmitter binds to and activates receptors that also function as ion channels – these are referred to as ionotropic receptors (1–20 ms in duration, e.g., nicotinic AChR in skeletal muscle). Recovery of the potential by receptor desensitization (inactivation) and cle ...
Chapter 4 Outline
... end of axon terminal, called synaptic end bulb b. Action potentials travel more rapidly in myelinated axons than in unmyelinated axons c. Synaptic end bulb releases chemical neurotransmitters (transmitters) which have been stored in synaptic vesicles (sacs in the end bulb) d. Transmitters cross the ...
... end of axon terminal, called synaptic end bulb b. Action potentials travel more rapidly in myelinated axons than in unmyelinated axons c. Synaptic end bulb releases chemical neurotransmitters (transmitters) which have been stored in synaptic vesicles (sacs in the end bulb) d. Transmitters cross the ...
PDF
... Proliferation and fate choice in the liver Identifying the factors that contribute to organ progenitor cell maintenance and differentiation is of crucial importance to developmental and disease-related research. In their study of liver development, Suzuki et al. have now identified such a factor, th ...
... Proliferation and fate choice in the liver Identifying the factors that contribute to organ progenitor cell maintenance and differentiation is of crucial importance to developmental and disease-related research. In their study of liver development, Suzuki et al. have now identified such a factor, th ...
chapter 7 the nervous system
... Sensory (Afferent) Division – consist of nerve fibers that carry impulses to the CNS from sensory receptors; helps keep the CNS constantly informed of events going on both inside and outside the body. Motor (Efferent) Division – carries impulses from the CNS to the organs, muscles, and glands to a ...
... Sensory (Afferent) Division – consist of nerve fibers that carry impulses to the CNS from sensory receptors; helps keep the CNS constantly informed of events going on both inside and outside the body. Motor (Efferent) Division – carries impulses from the CNS to the organs, muscles, and glands to a ...
The Biological Perspective
... Structures Under the Cortex Limbic system – involved in emotions, motivation, memory, and learning Thalamus – round structure in the center of the brain Hypothalamus – just below the front of the thalamus Hippocampus – in the temporal lobes on each side of the brain Amygdala – near the hi ...
... Structures Under the Cortex Limbic system – involved in emotions, motivation, memory, and learning Thalamus – round structure in the center of the brain Hypothalamus – just below the front of the thalamus Hippocampus – in the temporal lobes on each side of the brain Amygdala – near the hi ...
Brumberg - QC Queens College
... Our results have shown that neurons participating in different pathways (eg. callosal – connecting the two hemispheres versus cortical feedback to an important midbrain nucleus the thalamus) have distinct intrinsic anatomical and physiological properties suggesting that they are adapted to their uni ...
... Our results have shown that neurons participating in different pathways (eg. callosal – connecting the two hemispheres versus cortical feedback to an important midbrain nucleus the thalamus) have distinct intrinsic anatomical and physiological properties suggesting that they are adapted to their uni ...
A12-Cell Specialization
... – Strong tail for quick swimming, distinct head for entering egg cell ...
... – Strong tail for quick swimming, distinct head for entering egg cell ...
2nd 9 weeks
... I can anatomically distinguish between the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system, relating their structures and locations to their physiological roles of sensing the body’s internal and external conditions, integrating sensory information, and producing an effect. I can compare an ...
... I can anatomically distinguish between the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system, relating their structures and locations to their physiological roles of sensing the body’s internal and external conditions, integrating sensory information, and producing an effect. I can compare an ...
June 14_Neuroanatomy & Audition
... If Na+ outflow causes the potential to reach -55 mV, an action potential will occur and the signal will be sent. This is known as the threshold potential. If the potential does not reach the threshold, no action potential will occur…thus it is an “All or None” ...
... If Na+ outflow causes the potential to reach -55 mV, an action potential will occur and the signal will be sent. This is known as the threshold potential. If the potential does not reach the threshold, no action potential will occur…thus it is an “All or None” ...
neurotransmitters
... Potassium ions rush out of the neuron after sodium ions rush in, which repolarizes the membrane The sodium-potassium pump, using ATP, restores the ...
... Potassium ions rush out of the neuron after sodium ions rush in, which repolarizes the membrane The sodium-potassium pump, using ATP, restores the ...
Nervous System
... neurotransmitter, which diffuses across the junction and stimulates the muscle fiber. Action potential: Electrical changes that occurs along the sarcolemma. 1. Membrane Depolarization – Na+ entering the cell. 2. Action potential is propagated as the move of depolarization spreads. 3. Repolarization ...
... neurotransmitter, which diffuses across the junction and stimulates the muscle fiber. Action potential: Electrical changes that occurs along the sarcolemma. 1. Membrane Depolarization – Na+ entering the cell. 2. Action potential is propagated as the move of depolarization spreads. 3. Repolarization ...
Neuron and Brain Review Handout
... The cell then returns to its polarized state. Refractory Period: For 1/1000 of a second after firing, the cell cannot fire again. This is somewhat like a camera flash recharging itself. ...
... The cell then returns to its polarized state. Refractory Period: For 1/1000 of a second after firing, the cell cannot fire again. This is somewhat like a camera flash recharging itself. ...
Nervous System
... Returning to a resting state K+ specific channels in the membrane open and K+ floods the outside of the cell This returns the inside of the cell to a MORE negative (less positive) state Depolarization + Repolarization of a nerve cell = An Action Potential ...
... Returning to a resting state K+ specific channels in the membrane open and K+ floods the outside of the cell This returns the inside of the cell to a MORE negative (less positive) state Depolarization + Repolarization of a nerve cell = An Action Potential ...
Somatosensory system
... – both static joint position sense and kinesthetic sense, sensory information about movement ...
... – both static joint position sense and kinesthetic sense, sensory information about movement ...
The cells of the nervous system
... The cytoplasm contains organelles such as mitochondria to provide energy for impulses and ribosomes which synthesise proteins (e.g. enzymes) for the synthesis of neurotransmitters. • Dendrites – these fibres receive nerve impulses and carry them towards the cell body • Axon – this fibre carries ne ...
... The cytoplasm contains organelles such as mitochondria to provide energy for impulses and ribosomes which synthesise proteins (e.g. enzymes) for the synthesis of neurotransmitters. • Dendrites – these fibres receive nerve impulses and carry them towards the cell body • Axon – this fibre carries ne ...
Neuroscience & Behavior
... between neurons when released by the sending neuron, neurotransmitters travel across the synapse and bind to receptor sites on the receiving neuron, thereby influencing whether it will generate a neural impulse ...
... between neurons when released by the sending neuron, neurotransmitters travel across the synapse and bind to receptor sites on the receiving neuron, thereby influencing whether it will generate a neural impulse ...
Document
... Description: A single axon and a single dendrite are located at opposite poles of the cell body. ...
... Description: A single axon and a single dendrite are located at opposite poles of the cell body. ...
Ch33 nervous system reading essentials
... hear, see, and touch. You also use specialized neurons to sense motion and temperature. Specialized neurons that allow you to detect your surroundings are known as sensory receptors. Taste buds are sensory receptors on the tongue that identify the taste of sweet, sour, salty, and bitter. Taste buds ...
... hear, see, and touch. You also use specialized neurons to sense motion and temperature. Specialized neurons that allow you to detect your surroundings are known as sensory receptors. Taste buds are sensory receptors on the tongue that identify the taste of sweet, sour, salty, and bitter. Taste buds ...
Stimulus (physiology)
In physiology, a stimulus (plural stimuli) is a detectable change in the internal or external environment. The ability of an organism or organ to respond to external stimuli is called sensitivity. When a stimulus is applied to a sensory receptor, it normally elicits or influences a reflex via stimulus transduction. These sensory receptors can receive information from outside the body, as in touch receptors found in the skin or light receptors in the eye, as well as from inside the body, as in chemoreceptors and mechanorceptors. An internal stimulus is often the first component of a homeostatic control system. External stimuli are capable of producing systemic responses throughout the body, as in the fight-or-flight response. In order for a stimulus to be detected with high probability, its level must exceed the absolute threshold; if a signal does reach threshold, the information is transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), where it is integrated and a decision on how to react is made. Although stimuli commonly cause the body to respond, it is the CNS that finally determines whether a signal causes a reaction or not.