American Journal of Botany
... Q1. How does producer diversity influence the efficiency and productivity of ecosystems? When averaged across all possible species, the net effect of species loss is to … H1a. reduce the standing biomass of a producer community (tissue per area or volume) H1b. reduce the efficiency by which primary ...
... Q1. How does producer diversity influence the efficiency and productivity of ecosystems? When averaged across all possible species, the net effect of species loss is to … H1a. reduce the standing biomass of a producer community (tissue per area or volume) H1b. reduce the efficiency by which primary ...
American Journal of Botany
... Q1. How does producer diversity influence the efficiency and productivity of ecosystems? When averaged across all possible species, the net effect of species loss is to … H1a. reduce the standing biomass of a producer community (tissue per area or volume) H1b. reduce the efficiency by which primary ...
... Q1. How does producer diversity influence the efficiency and productivity of ecosystems? When averaged across all possible species, the net effect of species loss is to … H1a. reduce the standing biomass of a producer community (tissue per area or volume) H1b. reduce the efficiency by which primary ...
Soil and Sand Mining - IOSR Journal of Pharmacy
... optimal range (pH 6 to 7) for plant growth. But in ten-year-old dumps, pH changed to 5.88 The EC of the soil dumps was found to decrease from 0.36 to 0.26 dSm-1. CEC was found to be lower and decreasing with increasing age (Kundu and Ghose 2000). The sodium absorption ratio (SAR) was found to be bet ...
... optimal range (pH 6 to 7) for plant growth. But in ten-year-old dumps, pH changed to 5.88 The EC of the soil dumps was found to decrease from 0.36 to 0.26 dSm-1. CEC was found to be lower and decreasing with increasing age (Kundu and Ghose 2000). The sodium absorption ratio (SAR) was found to be bet ...
nile perch - The Pringle Lab at Princeton
... linked: the Nile perch boom spurred migration toward the lakeshore, prompted expansion and development of lakeshore villages and cities, and hastened landscape conversion and tree clearing (for wood to smoke fish, among other things), all of which accelerated nutrient loading of the lake. The winner ...
... linked: the Nile perch boom spurred migration toward the lakeshore, prompted expansion and development of lakeshore villages and cities, and hastened landscape conversion and tree clearing (for wood to smoke fish, among other things), all of which accelerated nutrient loading of the lake. The winner ...
Contribution of belowground coarse woody roots to the soil organic
... thus making them a significant sink of belowground C, which becomes available to the soil C-pool after harvesting or tree death. There are also many studies devoted to estimating the pool of aboveground coarse woody debris, created by natural successional dynamics (e.g. snags, fallen trees) as well ...
... thus making them a significant sink of belowground C, which becomes available to the soil C-pool after harvesting or tree death. There are also many studies devoted to estimating the pool of aboveground coarse woody debris, created by natural successional dynamics (e.g. snags, fallen trees) as well ...
Ecology 86(2)
... 1997, Leibold et al. 1997, Agrawal 1998). Third, high resource availability and quality will promote cascades by increasing consumption rates by herbivores, thereby increasing the impacts of primary consumers on primary producers (Leibold 1989, Cebrian 1999, Polis 1999). Fourth, indirect effects of ...
... 1997, Leibold et al. 1997, Agrawal 1998). Third, high resource availability and quality will promote cascades by increasing consumption rates by herbivores, thereby increasing the impacts of primary consumers on primary producers (Leibold 1989, Cebrian 1999, Polis 1999). Fourth, indirect effects of ...
Does a warmer climate with frequent mild water shortages
... long time (3 years) at either ambient air temperatures (unheated) or ambient temperatures +3 °C (heated). Specifically we investigated to what extent growing under elevated air temperature and increasing S-levels affected changes in the ecosystem resistance to a severe drought event. The communities ...
... long time (3 years) at either ambient air temperatures (unheated) or ambient temperatures +3 °C (heated). Specifically we investigated to what extent growing under elevated air temperature and increasing S-levels affected changes in the ecosystem resistance to a severe drought event. The communities ...
A Three-Way Trade-Off Maintains Functional Diversity under
... trade-offs among functional traits and then to use a model parameterized by these trade-offs to see whether they promote coexistence and/or constrain community trait structure to empirically plausible values. We use a compilation of phytoplankton functional traits to quantify variation across specie ...
... trade-offs among functional traits and then to use a model parameterized by these trade-offs to see whether they promote coexistence and/or constrain community trait structure to empirically plausible values. We use a compilation of phytoplankton functional traits to quantify variation across specie ...
Alien species in fresh waters: ecological effects, interactions with
... primary consumers and disrupt the food web from its base, fishes that disrupt the food web from its apex or centre, decapods that act as powerful omnivores, aquatic plants that have strong engineering effects and affect the quality and quantity of primary production, and diseases, which probably hav ...
... primary consumers and disrupt the food web from its base, fishes that disrupt the food web from its apex or centre, decapods that act as powerful omnivores, aquatic plants that have strong engineering effects and affect the quality and quantity of primary production, and diseases, which probably hav ...
Product Catalogue
... Excessive and continuous use of chemical fertilizers results in harmful effect on soil health and it pollutes the environment also. Continuous use of chemicals fertilizer produces imbalance in plant nutrients of soil, which affects the acidity/alkalinity of soils and reduces the fertility and produc ...
... Excessive and continuous use of chemical fertilizers results in harmful effect on soil health and it pollutes the environment also. Continuous use of chemicals fertilizer produces imbalance in plant nutrients of soil, which affects the acidity/alkalinity of soils and reduces the fertility and produc ...
Functional agrobiodiversity: Nature serving Europe`s - ELN-FAB
... measures can be broadened from a narrow focus to a certain number of farm species or specific environmental goals, to include functional and competitive biodiversity and ecosystem services. This more holistic approach will also affect agricultural production in a positive way, and can provide additi ...
... measures can be broadened from a narrow focus to a certain number of farm species or specific environmental goals, to include functional and competitive biodiversity and ecosystem services. This more holistic approach will also affect agricultural production in a positive way, and can provide additi ...
Abstract Effects of Nutrient Availability and Disturbance on the
... was to look at how species diversity and composition of soil bacterial communities are affected by nutrient addition and disturbance. I characterized soil microbial communities at the long-term ecological research site at the West Research Campus (WRC) located in Pitt County, NC. Briefly, DNA extrac ...
... was to look at how species diversity and composition of soil bacterial communities are affected by nutrient addition and disturbance. I characterized soil microbial communities at the long-term ecological research site at the West Research Campus (WRC) located in Pitt County, NC. Briefly, DNA extrac ...
Chapter 16 Review Pages 566
... 19. APPLY Which part of the profile is most affected by chemical and mechanical weathering? Why? 20. APPLY Suppose that you own gently sloping farmland. Describe the methods that you would use to hold the soil in place and maintain its fertility. 21. SYNTHESIZE Describe the composition, color, textu ...
... 19. APPLY Which part of the profile is most affected by chemical and mechanical weathering? Why? 20. APPLY Suppose that you own gently sloping farmland. Describe the methods that you would use to hold the soil in place and maintain its fertility. 21. SYNTHESIZE Describe the composition, color, textu ...
IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS)
... factors and nutritional disorders may be one of contributing factors to sweet orange decline studied conducted in Marathwada region indicated that large scale maltinutrient deficiencies were responsible for the decline in productive sweet orange orchards (Srivastava & Singh, 2004). An overview of wo ...
... factors and nutritional disorders may be one of contributing factors to sweet orange decline studied conducted in Marathwada region indicated that large scale maltinutrient deficiencies were responsible for the decline in productive sweet orange orchards (Srivastava & Singh, 2004). An overview of wo ...
Relationships between biodiversity and
... Agricultural systems around the world are faced with the challenge of providing for the demands of a growing human population. To meet this demand, agricultural systems have intensified to produce more crops per unit area at the expense of greater inputs. Agricultural intensification, while yielding m ...
... Agricultural systems around the world are faced with the challenge of providing for the demands of a growing human population. To meet this demand, agricultural systems have intensified to produce more crops per unit area at the expense of greater inputs. Agricultural intensification, while yielding m ...
Interactions among invaders: community and ecosystem effects of
... elevated consequences for native communities. The per capita impacts of Orconectes (a snail predator) on native snails were substantially greater than those of Bellamya (a snail competitor). Crayfish predation also had a cascading effect by reducing native snail biomass, leading to increased periphy ...
... elevated consequences for native communities. The per capita impacts of Orconectes (a snail predator) on native snails were substantially greater than those of Bellamya (a snail competitor). Crayfish predation also had a cascading effect by reducing native snail biomass, leading to increased periphy ...
Ch 8 How Soil Forms
... • Living Organisms in Soil – Mixing the Soil • Earthworms do most of the work of mixing humus with other materials in soil • As earthworms eat their way through the soil, they carry humus down to the subsoil and subsoil up to the surface • Earthworms also pass out the soil they eat as waste • Many b ...
... • Living Organisms in Soil – Mixing the Soil • Earthworms do most of the work of mixing humus with other materials in soil • As earthworms eat their way through the soil, they carry humus down to the subsoil and subsoil up to the surface • Earthworms also pass out the soil they eat as waste • Many b ...
21Molles5e
... Ecotones are physical and biological transitional habitat between two ecosystems. These can be a physical and biological mix of the two ecosystems. Edge effects describe distinct ecological conditions and higher species richness in ecotones compared to either ecosystem. Species associated with e ...
... Ecotones are physical and biological transitional habitat between two ecosystems. These can be a physical and biological mix of the two ecosystems. Edge effects describe distinct ecological conditions and higher species richness in ecotones compared to either ecosystem. Species associated with e ...
Module 25 Weathering and Soil Science
... material and minerals that have been mixed together. Also known as Topsoil. • E horizon A zone of leaching, or eluviation, found in some acidic soils under the O horizon or, less often, the A horizon. • B horizon A soil horizon composed primarily of mineral material with very little organic matter. ...
... material and minerals that have been mixed together. Also known as Topsoil. • E horizon A zone of leaching, or eluviation, found in some acidic soils under the O horizon or, less often, the A horizon. • B horizon A soil horizon composed primarily of mineral material with very little organic matter. ...
Diversity meets decomposition
... some leaf species curb microbial activity in others. The strengths of these positive and negative effects undoubtedly vary among litter constituents, depending on their mobility; for example, P is much more easily leached from litter than is N [29]. Transfer of nutrients and carbon compounds by eith ...
... some leaf species curb microbial activity in others. The strengths of these positive and negative effects undoubtedly vary among litter constituents, depending on their mobility; for example, P is much more easily leached from litter than is N [29]. Transfer of nutrients and carbon compounds by eith ...
Nutrient resorption of wetland graminoids is related to the type of
... ranged from 0 to 87%, and PRE from 30 to 96%. PRE correlated strongly with NRE (r = 0·91) but was, on average, 17% higher. Within the Swiss or Dutch sites, NRE and PRE did not correlate with foliar N : P ratios, indicating that RE was not directly adjusted to the type of nutrient limitation. 4. NRE ...
... ranged from 0 to 87%, and PRE from 30 to 96%. PRE correlated strongly with NRE (r = 0·91) but was, on average, 17% higher. Within the Swiss or Dutch sites, NRE and PRE did not correlate with foliar N : P ratios, indicating that RE was not directly adjusted to the type of nutrient limitation. 4. NRE ...
CWC Newsletter - University of New Hampshire
... floor beneath a long term canopy of hemlock or white pine. The plant residue is needles and twigs with perhaps more resistence to decomposition and less likely to have three distinct layers. 4. Climate In the big picture of things the temperate climate of the seacoast does not provide the extreme co ...
... floor beneath a long term canopy of hemlock or white pine. The plant residue is needles and twigs with perhaps more resistence to decomposition and less likely to have three distinct layers. 4. Climate In the big picture of things the temperate climate of the seacoast does not provide the extreme co ...
Marine Ecology Progress Series 309:175
... Ecosim simulations. The consumption (Q) of a predator in the Ecosim simulations varies as a function of its biomass and the biomass of its prey and a parameter called ‘vulnerability’ (v) that conceptually represents a theoretical flow rate at which the prey biomass moves from a vulnerable state to a ...
... Ecosim simulations. The consumption (Q) of a predator in the Ecosim simulations varies as a function of its biomass and the biomass of its prey and a parameter called ‘vulnerability’ (v) that conceptually represents a theoretical flow rate at which the prey biomass moves from a vulnerable state to a ...
Tree species richness promotes productivity in temperate forests
... a constant at the site level in the model. To calculate weatherdependent factors, mean monthly temperatures and monthly precipitation sums are simulated. The model is further constrained by soil water holding capacity, which is important for calculating soil water balance and a drought index. From s ...
... a constant at the site level in the model. To calculate weatherdependent factors, mean monthly temperatures and monthly precipitation sums are simulated. The model is further constrained by soil water holding capacity, which is important for calculating soil water balance and a drought index. From s ...
Placing biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in context
... (Table 1). Both streams have been limed since the early 1990s using a dosing tower, which releases lime powder during periods of elevated runoff to mitigate flood-associated acid episodes (Ahlström 2006). Two 100-m reaches were delineated in each stream: an unlimed reference reach located 50–150 m ...
... (Table 1). Both streams have been limed since the early 1990s using a dosing tower, which releases lime powder during periods of elevated runoff to mitigate flood-associated acid episodes (Ahlström 2006). Two 100-m reaches were delineated in each stream: an unlimed reference reach located 50–150 m ...
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle
Human impact on the nitrogen cycle is diverse. Agricultural and industrial nitrogen (N) inputs to the environment currently exceed inputs from natural N fixation. As a consequence of anthropogenic inputs, the global nitrogen cycle (Fig. 1) has been significantly altered over the past century. Global atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) mole fractions have increased from a pre-industrial value of ~270 nmol/mol to ~319 nmol/mol in 2005. Human activities account for over one-third of N2O emissions, most of which are due to the agricultural sector. This article is intended to give a brief review of the history of anthropogenic N inputs, and reported impacts of nitrogen inputs on selected terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.