4. Economic Diversification and Nonextractive Growth
... of 72 percent in Zambia). It faces pressures both from the exchange rate appreciation as well as from increasing mechanization as wages are pushed up. Improving agricultural productivity and commercialization, and linking producers to markets are among some of the important measures in this regard. ...
... of 72 percent in Zambia). It faces pressures both from the exchange rate appreciation as well as from increasing mechanization as wages are pushed up. Improving agricultural productivity and commercialization, and linking producers to markets are among some of the important measures in this regard. ...
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... Yet regardless the side of the argument, the most outstanding feature of many FTAs is that they do not have impressive effects on growth in trade and GDP. The EU, for instance, considers its FTA in 2011 with South Korea to be a first-of-a-kind, ‘new generation’, ‘deep and comprehensive’ bilateral ag ...
... Yet regardless the side of the argument, the most outstanding feature of many FTAs is that they do not have impressive effects on growth in trade and GDP. The EU, for instance, considers its FTA in 2011 with South Korea to be a first-of-a-kind, ‘new generation’, ‘deep and comprehensive’ bilateral ag ...
Designing Economic Evaluations in Clinical Trials
... – The type of analysis that will be conducted (e.g. costbenefit, cost-effectiveness, or cost minimization analysis) – The types of costs that will be included (e.g. direct medical, direct nonmedical, productivity, and intangible) g ...
... – The type of analysis that will be conducted (e.g. costbenefit, cost-effectiveness, or cost minimization analysis) – The types of costs that will be included (e.g. direct medical, direct nonmedical, productivity, and intangible) g ...
The Export –Driven Growth in China: Implications for
... resources, land, and the environment; and managed the exchange rate. In this policy setting, investment reached a very high share of GDP while industry rather than services drove much of the growth. With the link between production and consumption loosened by access to the open multilateral trading ...
... resources, land, and the environment; and managed the exchange rate. In this policy setting, investment reached a very high share of GDP while industry rather than services drove much of the growth. With the link between production and consumption loosened by access to the open multilateral trading ...
GLOBAL MINING TOWARDS 2030 Background Mining in
... Global mining has experienced an unprecedented period of strong growth during most of the 21st century. After the long raw materials boom, following the Second World War, ended in the early 1980s a new hypothesis for general economic growth was gradually developed. It was thought that with technolog ...
... Global mining has experienced an unprecedented period of strong growth during most of the 21st century. After the long raw materials boom, following the Second World War, ended in the early 1980s a new hypothesis for general economic growth was gradually developed. It was thought that with technolog ...
elsevier - Journal of Policy Modeling
... and services, also when services require foreign direct investment. Bettendorf (1998) analyzed an investment-promoting polices in a small open economy with OLG. Willenbockel (1999) analyzed a dynamic two-country model with international capital mobility and intertemporal optimizing agents. Zhang (20 ...
... and services, also when services require foreign direct investment. Bettendorf (1998) analyzed an investment-promoting polices in a small open economy with OLG. Willenbockel (1999) analyzed a dynamic two-country model with international capital mobility and intertemporal optimizing agents. Zhang (20 ...
this PDF file
... provided by criminal organizations. In other cases, legal products are distributed by illegal means at lower prices (as with the global marketing of stolen automobiles). In other instances, legal products are provided by legal companies to illegal organizations who market them at lower prices throug ...
... provided by criminal organizations. In other cases, legal products are distributed by illegal means at lower prices (as with the global marketing of stolen automobiles). In other instances, legal products are provided by legal companies to illegal organizations who market them at lower prices throug ...
here. - Department of Economics Sciences Po
... a: country A will export good S. b: country B will export good S. c: both countries will export good S. d: trade will not occur between these two countries. e: Insufficient information is given. 11: Continuing from the previous question, if you are told that Country B is very much richer than Countr ...
... a: country A will export good S. b: country B will export good S. c: both countries will export good S. d: trade will not occur between these two countries. e: Insufficient information is given. 11: Continuing from the previous question, if you are told that Country B is very much richer than Countr ...
tariffs - World Trade Organization
... (ITA), have significantly boosted trade by lowering tariffs. Signed in 1996, the ITA commits participants to completely eliminate duties on all IT products covered by the Agreement. Currently, 81 WTO members have signed up to this agreement. The Agreement obliges the parties to provide duty-free acc ...
... (ITA), have significantly boosted trade by lowering tariffs. Signed in 1996, the ITA commits participants to completely eliminate duties on all IT products covered by the Agreement. Currently, 81 WTO members have signed up to this agreement. The Agreement obliges the parties to provide duty-free acc ...
Tariffs and the Great Depression Revisited
... nominal rates because of deflation. 2. Because of the importance of material inputs in traded goods, the impact a given tariff rate could be magnified because of the impact on productive efficiency. 3. There was substantial retaliation from foreign countries in their tariff rates. 4. Consequently, even ...
... nominal rates because of deflation. 2. Because of the importance of material inputs in traded goods, the impact a given tariff rate could be magnified because of the impact on productive efficiency. 3. There was substantial retaliation from foreign countries in their tariff rates. 4. Consequently, even ...
Part I
... • The Gross Domestic Product GDP of the Arab countries in current prices has scored a noticeable take off during the year 2006 to grow to US$ 1.274 billion against 1.084 billion during 2005, with a rate of increase of 17.4%. • The Arab countries have realized real high rates of growth in the GDP ...
... • The Gross Domestic Product GDP of the Arab countries in current prices has scored a noticeable take off during the year 2006 to grow to US$ 1.274 billion against 1.084 billion during 2005, with a rate of increase of 17.4%. • The Arab countries have realized real high rates of growth in the GDP ...
Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Reports
... nominal rates because of deflation. 2. Because of the importance of material inputs in traded goods, the impact a given tariff rate could be magnified because of the impact on productive efficiency. 3. There was substantial retaliation from foreign countries in their tariff rates. 4. Consequently, even ...
... nominal rates because of deflation. 2. Because of the importance of material inputs in traded goods, the impact a given tariff rate could be magnified because of the impact on productive efficiency. 3. There was substantial retaliation from foreign countries in their tariff rates. 4. Consequently, even ...
Natural Resources, Human Capital and Economic
... 2001; Woolcock et al., 2001). It is this dependence on primary exports with declining viability and its resultant adverse effects on physical capital accumulation, human capital accumulation and economic growth that is referred to as the staple trap linkage. There is also some theoretical allusion t ...
... 2001; Woolcock et al., 2001). It is this dependence on primary exports with declining viability and its resultant adverse effects on physical capital accumulation, human capital accumulation and economic growth that is referred to as the staple trap linkage. There is also some theoretical allusion t ...
THE SHARE OF INTENSIVE AND EXTENSIVE FACTORS ON THE
... innovation development in firms” which is realized by University of Finance and Administration and financed by Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of Czech Republic. ...
... innovation development in firms” which is realized by University of Finance and Administration and financed by Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of Czech Republic. ...
Capital Accumulation and International Trade
... vector of tradeables prices pm can in turn be expressed as a function of w by Theorem 1 of A/L, and the prices pc and pk can be expressed as functions of pm and w. Then repeating (2.14) and (2.15) for each country i we obtain an autonomous dynamic system in the 2n variables (ki , ei ), i = 1, ..., n ...
... vector of tradeables prices pm can in turn be expressed as a function of w by Theorem 1 of A/L, and the prices pc and pk can be expressed as functions of pm and w. Then repeating (2.14) and (2.15) for each country i we obtain an autonomous dynamic system in the 2n variables (ki , ei ), i = 1, ..., n ...
Industrial Policy and the WTO
... need to promote “strategic” industries domestically. These objectives are also further confused to the extent that many developing countries have taken the strict view that ownership of assets matters. There is a concern that foreign ownership may not always fit in well with broader development obje ...
... need to promote “strategic” industries domestically. These objectives are also further confused to the extent that many developing countries have taken the strict view that ownership of assets matters. There is a concern that foreign ownership may not always fit in well with broader development obje ...
Analytical Note - European Commission
... aim of increasing resilience and sustainability. In this context, some of the highly indebted euro area countries with low rates of potential output growth may find it particularly difficult to reduce their debt levels quickly. Increased shock resilience and higher potential growth demand further ac ...
... aim of increasing resilience and sustainability. In this context, some of the highly indebted euro area countries with low rates of potential output growth may find it particularly difficult to reduce their debt levels quickly. Increased shock resilience and higher potential growth demand further ac ...
Where Are We Headed?
... a new corporate identity based on the consolidation of all of its operating companies worldwide under one brand, one name: Telefonica. ...
... a new corporate identity based on the consolidation of all of its operating companies worldwide under one brand, one name: Telefonica. ...
- Statcan.gc.ca
... of its 2011 database comparing the purchasing power in levels of 199 countries. In its previous release in 2005, the database covered 148 countries. To determine the overall ranking of the countries, two main indicators were used: gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and actual individual consump ...
... of its 2011 database comparing the purchasing power in levels of 199 countries. In its previous release in 2005, the database covered 148 countries. To determine the overall ranking of the countries, two main indicators were used: gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and actual individual consump ...
Home-Bias in Consumption and Equities: Can Trade Costs Jointly
... by McCallum, but there is still a significant degree of home-bias in international trade. As an example, Coeurdacier (2008) states that in 2005 the openness to trade ratio in the United States measured by the sum of exports and imports over GDP was only 25%. Since the US accounts for about one third ...
... by McCallum, but there is still a significant degree of home-bias in international trade. As an example, Coeurdacier (2008) states that in 2005 the openness to trade ratio in the United States measured by the sum of exports and imports over GDP was only 25%. Since the US accounts for about one third ...
Capital Flows and the Balance of Payments
... Interpreting external deficits We’ll talk more about the difference between the trade balance and the current account shortly, but for now let’s ignore the difference and consider a trade deficit. If we have a large deficit, should we be concerned? Is it a sign that the economy is in trouble? In thi ...
... Interpreting external deficits We’ll talk more about the difference between the trade balance and the current account shortly, but for now let’s ignore the difference and consider a trade deficit. If we have a large deficit, should we be concerned? Is it a sign that the economy is in trouble? In thi ...
Study on the Third Industrial Revolution and Paradigm
... such counter-transference, if we still rely on the traditional economic growth pattern and attract foreign investment by utilizing China’s cheap labor force, we will be at a disadvantage gradually in international competition with the continuous introduction of advanced manufacturing technology. Num ...
... such counter-transference, if we still rely on the traditional economic growth pattern and attract foreign investment by utilizing China’s cheap labor force, we will be at a disadvantage gradually in international competition with the continuous introduction of advanced manufacturing technology. Num ...
Impact of Industrialization in Nigeria
... Policy failure can be experienced at two different levels; the first is associated with the formation of policies that fail to achieve optimization, or recognize the real problems and their solutions. Failure can also occur when the policy makers are influenced by vested benefits or external and int ...
... Policy failure can be experienced at two different levels; the first is associated with the formation of policies that fail to achieve optimization, or recognize the real problems and their solutions. Failure can also occur when the policy makers are influenced by vested benefits or external and int ...
terms of trade
... Import Tariffs and Export Subsidies in Other Countries • But we have ignored the effects of tariffs and subsidies that occur in a world with many countries and many goods: A foreign country may subsidize the export of a good that the US also exports, which will reduce the price for the U.S. in wo ...
... Import Tariffs and Export Subsidies in Other Countries • But we have ignored the effects of tariffs and subsidies that occur in a world with many countries and many goods: A foreign country may subsidize the export of a good that the US also exports, which will reduce the price for the U.S. in wo ...