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Neuroglia - wsscience
Neuroglia - wsscience

...  Acetylcholine binds to receptors and depolarizes the postsynaptic membrane  Initiates action potential  Acetylcholine is removed through acetyl ...
36.1: The Nervous System
36.1: The Nervous System

... • Controls and coordinates the body’s responses to changes in the environment • HOW: • Stimulus ≡ a change in the external or internal environment which initiates an impulse • Impulse ≡ an electro-chemical charge generated along a neuron ...
107B exam 1 test yourself
107B exam 1 test yourself

... Response field – defined by area that, when exposed to stimulus, causes neuron to respond (either by depolarization, in other words e________________ or hyperpolarization_________________). Somatosensory response fields can be direction sensitive. (example: surround inhibition gives information abou ...
3.13
3.13

... research can be combined to gain a thorough understanding of a natural system. In 1963, Hodgkin and Huxley were awarded the Nobel prize in physiology/medicine for their work on neurons. We begin with a brief explanation of how a neuron works. The main players in the functioning of a neuron are sodiu ...
June 14_Neuroanatomy & Audition
June 14_Neuroanatomy & Audition

... This is called hyperpolarization. What effect do you think this might have on the neuron’s ability to fire again and send a ...
Answers to Mastering Concepts Questions
Answers to Mastering Concepts Questions

... 2. Rod cells and cone cells detect light. Rod cells provide black-and-white vision in dim light, and cone cells provide color vision in bright light. Both cell types contain light-sensitive pigments that absorb photons of light and trigger receptor potentials that are passed on to other neurons that ...
Nervous System
Nervous System

... The Nervous System – Structure and Function The nervous system is built from a huge number of neurons. While details differ, they all have the same basic architecture: There is an input end (frequently highly branched) called a dendrite. There is a cell body, where the nucleus and much of the metabo ...
Chapter 24 Nervous Systems
Chapter 24 Nervous Systems

... inhibit a receiving cell’s activity by decreasing its ability to develop action potentials.  A receiving neuron’s membrane may receive signals - that are both excitatory and inhibitory. - from many different sending neurons.  The summation of excitation and inhibition determines if a neuron will t ...
HOW CHILDREN LEARN pp
HOW CHILDREN LEARN pp

... ...
notes as
notes as

... • To model things we have to idealize them (e.g. atoms) – Idealization removes complicated details that are not essential for understanding the main principles – Allows us to apply mathematics and to make analogies to other, familiar systems. – Once we understand the basic principles, its easy to ad ...
Copulae and network modeling
Copulae and network modeling

... are mathematically simple enough to allow analytical and numerical studies. The use of these models hints on various neuron features. Typical examples are the role of noise in neural transmission or the study of the response of the neuron to periodic stimula. Furthermore their use has allowed the ap ...
The Nervous System
The Nervous System

... Ø Bundles of nerve fibers or axons that conduct information to and from the central nervous system Ø Includes sensory neurons and motor neurons ...
Ch 2 Cognition & the Brain
Ch 2 Cognition & the Brain

... – When we are perceiving something, some neurons are firing. – When we are thinking, some neurons are firing. When we see a picture like this, neurons that respond to different colors, shapes, texture,… are firing together. ...
Chapter 12 – Introduction to the Nervous System
Chapter 12 – Introduction to the Nervous System

... Afferent vs Efferent Nervous pathways are organized into division based on the direction they carry information • Afferent division: incoming information ...
File
File

... The Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is composed of a network of vessels that form a structural and chemical barrier between the brain and systemic circulation. Limited BBB permeability also protects the brain from exposure to molecules that are harmless to peripheral organs but toxic to neurons in the bra ...
REVIEW THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
REVIEW THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

... lines, linking all parts of the body to the CNS.__________________________________ nervous system. 34. The ________________________________________ nervous system does not come in contact with the environment. 35. The autonomic nervous system is divided into TWO divisions, they are _________________ ...
Feb. 11
Feb. 11

... synthesis • Axon ‐ conductive • Axon (presynaptic)  terminals ‐ output ...
Nervous 1 Green
Nervous 1 Green

... -The nervous system is an organ system that acts as the information highway for the body and consists of many nerve cells (1). -Nervous systems are made up of two cell types: neurons, and glial cells(2). -Neurons work to monitor the conditions in and around the body(1). They give commands for respon ...
Nervous and Immune Systems
Nervous and Immune Systems

... Membrane potential: ______ difference between the inside and outside of the plasma membrane of a neuron Resting potential: membrane potential when not sending a signal  Controlled by ion channels and sodium-potassium pumps  Different concentration gradients for Na+ and K+ inside and outside of cel ...
nervous system
nervous system

... Figure 49.35 The roles of the muscle fiber’s sarcoplasmic reticulum and T tubules in contraction ...
Answers to End-of-Chapter Questions – Brooker et al ARIS site
Answers to End-of-Chapter Questions – Brooker et al ARIS site

... Answer: Loewi was aware that electrical stimulation of the nerves of frog leg muscles would cause muscle contractions. Also, he had observed that electrical stimulation of the different nerves associated with the frog heart did not have the same results. He observed that electrically stimulating one ...
File
File

... different functions… ...
three basic functions of the nervous system
three basic functions of the nervous system

... •Excitability – neurons respond to stimulation •Conductivity – electrical changes can travel through a neuron ...
Untitled 2
Untitled 2

... Mitochondria are scattered with other organelles Microtubes and neurofibrils maintain cell shape and integrity, forming a network through the cell body Cell body is focal point for outgrowth of neuron processes during embryonic development Cell membrane acts as part of the receptive region that rece ...
Control_Systems11
Control_Systems11

... in the potassium channels open, allowing potassium (K+) ions to flow OUT of the cell. This restores the negative potential ...
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Single-unit recording

In neuroscience, single-unit recordings provide a method of measuring the electro-physiological responses of single neurons using a microelectrode system. When a neuron generates an action potential, the signal propagates down the neuron as a current which flows in and out of the cell through excitable membrane regions in the soma and axon. A microelectrode is inserted into the brain, where it can record the rate of change in voltage with respect to time. These microelectrodes must be fine-tipped, high-impedance conductors; they are primarily glass micro-pipettes or metal microelectrodes made of platinum or tungsten. Microelectrodes can be carefully placed within (or close to) the cell membrane, allowing the ability to record intracellularly or extracellularly.Single-unit recordings are widely used in cognitive science, where it permits the analysis of human cognition and cortical mapping. This information can then be applied to brain machine interface (BMI) technologies for brain control of external devices.
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