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Existential Sentences Cross-Linguistically - e
... ann is the third person singular non-feminine form of the preposition meaning in and so might be translated ‘in it’.” He argues extensively that, even though Irish existentials often appear with a copular verb (i.e. one equivalent to English be), in fact the copula is not essential. Rather, the exis ...
... ann is the third person singular non-feminine form of the preposition meaning in and so might be translated ‘in it’.” He argues extensively that, even though Irish existentials often appear with a copular verb (i.e. one equivalent to English be), in fact the copula is not essential. Rather, the exis ...
The objective conjugation in Hungarian: agreement without phi
... Bresnan and Mchombo 1987). Although agreement markers retain some qualities of the incorporated pronouns from which they derive, the two are fundamentally quite different. An incorporated pronoun is referential and functions as an argument, while an agreement affix has lost its referential status, a ...
... Bresnan and Mchombo 1987). Although agreement markers retain some qualities of the incorporated pronouns from which they derive, the two are fundamentally quite different. An incorporated pronoun is referential and functions as an argument, while an agreement affix has lost its referential status, a ...
Adverbs - 1º Bach.English Classes
... In actual practice, of course, it would be highly unusual to have a string of adverbial modifiers beyond two or three (at the most). Because the placement of adverbs is so flexible, one or two of the modifiers would probably move to the beginning of the sentence: "Every afternoon before supper, Dad ...
... In actual practice, of course, it would be highly unusual to have a string of adverbial modifiers beyond two or three (at the most). Because the placement of adverbs is so flexible, one or two of the modifiers would probably move to the beginning of the sentence: "Every afternoon before supper, Dad ...
The Morphology of Adverbial Clauses in Sheko
... Some characteristics of the Sheko language include: a series of retroflex consonants; tone playing an important role in person marking; Subject-Object-Verb word order; next to suffixes the language uses prefixes as well; case marking on NPs (nominative is unmarked); and different verbal morphology f ...
... Some characteristics of the Sheko language include: a series of retroflex consonants; tone playing an important role in person marking; Subject-Object-Verb word order; next to suffixes the language uses prefixes as well; case marking on NPs (nominative is unmarked); and different verbal morphology f ...
Investigating Problems Pertaining to Concord as Encountered by the
... Domain is not a defining feature here. Indeed Greenberg (1978:75-76) later talks of three types of concord phenomenon and distinguishes between agreement within the NP, predicate agreement and anaphoric uses. There are other ways in which the terms sound to be different. Lehmann (1982: 206, 249 – 25 ...
... Domain is not a defining feature here. Indeed Greenberg (1978:75-76) later talks of three types of concord phenomenon and distinguishes between agreement within the NP, predicate agreement and anaphoric uses. There are other ways in which the terms sound to be different. Lehmann (1982: 206, 249 – 25 ...
Slavic prefixes inside and outside VP
... fairly readily into English. Interestingly, a number of unrelated languages show something reminiscent of the particle shift familiar from the Germanic languages. ...
... fairly readily into English. Interestingly, a number of unrelated languages show something reminiscent of the particle shift familiar from the Germanic languages. ...
Language Arts Curriculum Guide Template
... correct pronouns. Next write a paragraph using nouns and pronouns intermixed so that pronounantecedent is unclear. Have students correct this paragraph. Have students write five complete sentences about an activity they have recently participated in. Next have them write only the complete subjects o ...
... correct pronouns. Next write a paragraph using nouns and pronouns intermixed so that pronounantecedent is unclear. Have students correct this paragraph. Have students write five complete sentences about an activity they have recently participated in. Next have them write only the complete subjects o ...
On Comparative Suppletion
... also unattested. I will nevertheless pursue distinct explanations for the lack of *ABA and the lack of *AAC patterns, and will defend the decision to keep these distinct in section 4.1. It should be stressed that the fact that the ABA pattern is unattested in any one language is in and of itself alm ...
... also unattested. I will nevertheless pursue distinct explanations for the lack of *ABA and the lack of *AAC patterns, and will defend the decision to keep these distinct in section 4.1. It should be stressed that the fact that the ABA pattern is unattested in any one language is in and of itself alm ...
The dialect of the Mitrovica Roma
... infiltrated the inherited lexicon, e.g. lil ~ l’il ~ ljil ‘paper’, although in these cases either Albanian or Serbain influence can be held responsible. The long alveolar trill /rr/ continues the Early Romani /ř/ (whose quality, however, is unclear). It occurs only word-initially, e.g. rrom ‘man’, a ...
... infiltrated the inherited lexicon, e.g. lil ~ l’il ~ ljil ‘paper’, although in these cases either Albanian or Serbain influence can be held responsible. The long alveolar trill /rr/ continues the Early Romani /ř/ (whose quality, however, is unclear). It occurs only word-initially, e.g. rrom ‘man’, a ...
StudMon 9_title.indd
... the “multi-determinative” word in Egyptian certainly requires an explanation. Moreover, some words never take a determinative (see discussion below), and in some cases because of considerations of space determinatives are simply avoided. In this article, we will (§1) review some of the arguments fro ...
... the “multi-determinative” word in Egyptian certainly requires an explanation. Moreover, some words never take a determinative (see discussion below), and in some cases because of considerations of space determinatives are simply avoided. In this article, we will (§1) review some of the arguments fro ...
Palikur and the Typology of Classifiers
... meaning. They may differ in the conditions of their use, that is, whether they are obligatory or not. Sometimes, their meaning is the same, but the form is different; sometimes it is the other way around. In this article, we will investigate Palikur, which has an ample array of distinct types of cla ...
... meaning. They may differ in the conditions of their use, that is, whether they are obligatory or not. Sometimes, their meaning is the same, but the form is different; sometimes it is the other way around. In this article, we will investigate Palikur, which has an ample array of distinct types of cla ...
ÚSTAV ANGLICKÉHO JAZYKA A DIDAKTIKY BAKALÁŘSKÁ
... condensation which contributes to a greater complexity and coherence of its sentences. Nonfinite verb forms are an important means of achieving the condensation and their ability to replace subordinate clauses has been described as the phenomenon of complex condensation. Unlike finite clauses, non-f ...
... condensation which contributes to a greater complexity and coherence of its sentences. Nonfinite verb forms are an important means of achieving the condensation and their ability to replace subordinate clauses has been described as the phenomenon of complex condensation. Unlike finite clauses, non-f ...
The syntax of Swedish present participles - the
... In this section we will discuss some of the criteria for classifying words as participles that have been suggested for Swedish and English. Most of them are advanced for passive participles, although some of them seem valid for present participles as well. The most common definition, advanced among ...
... In this section we will discuss some of the criteria for classifying words as participles that have been suggested for Swedish and English. Most of them are advanced for passive participles, although some of them seem valid for present participles as well. The most common definition, advanced among ...
Document
... –santsa, -mashi). There are at least twelve class terms, mostly plant-based, e.g. –chee ‘thorn’, -paNki ‘plank’, etc. and ten classifiers. Most of the classifiers occur only with nouns while a few have been attested with verbs. Possession is morphologically expressed on two groups of nouns: obligato ...
... –santsa, -mashi). There are at least twelve class terms, mostly plant-based, e.g. –chee ‘thorn’, -paNki ‘plank’, etc. and ten classifiers. Most of the classifiers occur only with nouns while a few have been attested with verbs. Possession is morphologically expressed on two groups of nouns: obligato ...
A New Attempt at Reconstructing Proto
... Sapir says, in particular, “The momentum of the more fundamental, the predialectic, drift is often such that languages long disconnected will pass through the same or strikingly similar phases. In many such cases it is perfectly clear that there could have been no dialectic interinfluencing” (Sapir ...
... Sapir says, in particular, “The momentum of the more fundamental, the predialectic, drift is often such that languages long disconnected will pass through the same or strikingly similar phases. In many such cases it is perfectly clear that there could have been no dialectic interinfluencing” (Sapir ...
English Syntax: An Introduction
... of language to be key essential features from which the basic study of linguistics starts. The first well-known property (as emphasized by Saussure 1916) is that there is no motivated relationship between sounds and meanings. This is simply observed in the fact that the same meaning is usually expre ...
... of language to be key essential features from which the basic study of linguistics starts. The first well-known property (as emphasized by Saussure 1916) is that there is no motivated relationship between sounds and meanings. This is simply observed in the fact that the same meaning is usually expre ...
Basic Grammar and Usage
... Frequently Used Prepositions about above across after against along among around at ...
... Frequently Used Prepositions about above across after against along among around at ...
Conversion in English - Cambridge Scholars Publishing
... X>V conversions ........................................................ 211 10.3.1. N>V conversions ........................................................ 211 10.3.1.1. Locatum verbs ............................................................ 212 10.3.1.2. Location and duration verbs ........... ...
... X>V conversions ........................................................ 211 10.3.1. N>V conversions ........................................................ 211 10.3.1.1. Locatum verbs ............................................................ 212 10.3.1.2. Location and duration verbs ........... ...
On the Interpretation of Noun Compounds
... A study on English new words over fifty years found that compounding is the most frequent word formation process, covering 68% of the new words; 90% of these new compounds are noun compounds (Algeo1991). This high productivity means that compounds cannot be listed in a dictionary, e.g., even for rel ...
... A study on English new words over fifty years found that compounding is the most frequent word formation process, covering 68% of the new words; 90% of these new compounds are noun compounds (Algeo1991). This high productivity means that compounds cannot be listed in a dictionary, e.g., even for rel ...
A Comparative Analysis of Noun Incorporation Productivity in
... nominal compounding occurs more frequently, and is more productive, in German than in English. Berg et al. remark, "the German system accommodates compounds more easily than the English one because languages favor morphological processes which create syllabic templates which already exist for base ...
... nominal compounding occurs more frequently, and is more productive, in German than in English. Berg et al. remark, "the German system accommodates compounds more easily than the English one because languages favor morphological processes which create syllabic templates which already exist for base ...
double case constructions in Koine Greek - Journal of Greco
... will call them sons of God’). Similarly, the clause in (12) is derived from the active tij kalei= th\n nh=son Meli/thn (‘someone calls the island Malta’); and the clause in (13) is derived from the active tij e0ka/lese/n se dou=lon; (‘Did someone call you a slave?’). Clause (14) provides an example ...
... will call them sons of God’). Similarly, the clause in (12) is derived from the active tij kalei= th\n nh=son Meli/thn (‘someone calls the island Malta’); and the clause in (13) is derived from the active tij e0ka/lese/n se dou=lon; (‘Did someone call you a slave?’). Clause (14) provides an example ...
Form and Meaning in the Hebrew Verb
... There is a dissertation lurking beyond these acknowledgments, one that I could not have written anywhere else. I am indebted to the constant feedback from syntacticians, morphologists, semanticists, phonologists, computational modelers, cognitive scientists and variationists that it was my good fort ...
... There is a dissertation lurking beyond these acknowledgments, one that I could not have written anywhere else. I am indebted to the constant feedback from syntacticians, morphologists, semanticists, phonologists, computational modelers, cognitive scientists and variationists that it was my good fort ...
2 : 1 March 2002
... Since 'Case Grammar' is most touched topic by information scientists, that is also discussed. Important grammatical categories are introduced here. 0.6.3. Chapter Three: Compatibility of NL and IL The third chapter looks into the compatibility of NL and IL. Here the structure of IL and Indian langu ...
... Since 'Case Grammar' is most touched topic by information scientists, that is also discussed. Important grammatical categories are introduced here. 0.6.3. Chapter Three: Compatibility of NL and IL The third chapter looks into the compatibility of NL and IL. Here the structure of IL and Indian langu ...
MS Word - Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics
... In the introduction to this delivertable, we discuss the scope of the grammar to be modelled for target languages, present the methodology for the description of phenomena and a formal notation for their specification using notions of systemic-functional grammar (SFG). In Section 2, we present the f ...
... In the introduction to this delivertable, we discuss the scope of the grammar to be modelled for target languages, present the methodology for the description of phenomena and a formal notation for their specification using notions of systemic-functional grammar (SFG). In Section 2, we present the f ...
Portuguese Syntax
... Different grammatical approaches describe sentences in different ways, focussing on different aspects of syntactic form and function. Morphologically, form is the way in which words are composed and inflected the basic unit being a morpheme - while morphological function deals with a given morphemes ...
... Different grammatical approaches describe sentences in different ways, focussing on different aspects of syntactic form and function. Morphologically, form is the way in which words are composed and inflected the basic unit being a morpheme - while morphological function deals with a given morphemes ...
Inflection
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/FlexiónGato.png?width=300)
In grammar, inflection or inflexion is the modification of a word to express different grammatical categories such as tense, mood, voice, aspect, person, number, gender and case. The inflection of verbs is also called conjugation, and the inflection of nouns, adjectives and pronouns is also called declension.An inflection expresses one or more grammatical categories with a prefix, suffix or infix, or another internal modification such as a vowel change. For example, the Latin verb ducam, meaning ""I will lead"", includes the suffix -am, expressing person (first), number (singular), and tense (future). The use of this suffix is an inflection. In contrast, in the English clause ""I will lead"", the word lead is not inflected for any of person, number, or tense; it is simply the bare form of a verb.The inflected form of a word often contains both a free morpheme (a unit of meaning which can stand by itself as a word), and a bound morpheme (a unit of meaning which cannot stand alone as a word). For example, the English word cars is a noun that is inflected for number, specifically to express the plural; the content morpheme car is unbound because it could stand alone as a word, while the suffix -s is bound because it cannot stand alone as a word. These two morphemes together form the inflected word cars.Words that are never subject to inflection are said to be invariant; for example, the English verb must is an invariant item: it never takes a suffix or changes form to signify a different grammatical category. Its categories can be determined only from its context.Requiring the inflections of more than one word in a sentence to be compatible according to the rules of the language is known as concord or agreement. For example, in ""the choir sings"", ""choir"" is a singular noun, so ""sing"" is constrained in the present tense to use the third person singular suffix ""s"".Languages that have some degree of inflection are synthetic languages. These can be highly inflected, such as Latin, Greek, and Sanskrit, or weakly inflected, such as English. Languages that are so inflected that a sentence can consist of a single highly inflected word (such as many American Indian languages) are called polysynthetic languages. Languages in which each inflection conveys only a single grammatical category, such as Finnish, are known as agglutinative languages, while languages in which a single inflection can convey multiple grammatical roles (such as both nominative case and plural, as in Latin and German) are called fusional. Languages such as Mandarin Chinese that never use inflections are called analytic or isolating.