Linköping University Post Print the developmental age of the cells
... threefold greater than in neurons taken from middle-aged and old donor rats. Thus, it is possible that the age of neurons may have an effect on whether those cells will recover or ...
... threefold greater than in neurons taken from middle-aged and old donor rats. Thus, it is possible that the age of neurons may have an effect on whether those cells will recover or ...
An Imperfect Dopaminergic Error Signal Can Drive Temporal
... to implement a complete TD(0) implementation with both prediction and control, and demonstrated that it is able to solve a non-trivial task with sparse rewards [34]. However, in that model each synapse performs its own approximation of the TD error rather than receiving it in the form of a neuromodu ...
... to implement a complete TD(0) implementation with both prediction and control, and demonstrated that it is able to solve a non-trivial task with sparse rewards [34]. However, in that model each synapse performs its own approximation of the TD error rather than receiving it in the form of a neuromodu ...
The endocrine system
... HORMONES: Literally means: “to activate” they move through the bloodstream, they have specific structure or shape for each specific hormone. b. GLANDS: Produce hormones *** EVERYTHING works TOGETHER with the brain *** All glands and chemicals that are produced that are taken together are called the ...
... HORMONES: Literally means: “to activate” they move through the bloodstream, they have specific structure or shape for each specific hormone. b. GLANDS: Produce hormones *** EVERYTHING works TOGETHER with the brain *** All glands and chemicals that are produced that are taken together are called the ...
Bursting Neurons Signal Input Slope
... belonging to bursts are considered. In monkeys performing a motion discrimination task, the burst rate was found to reflect the direction of visual stimulus better than the average firing rate (Bair et al., 1994). In vitro, bursts of pyramidal neurons were found to underlie population synchrony in t ...
... belonging to bursts are considered. In monkeys performing a motion discrimination task, the burst rate was found to reflect the direction of visual stimulus better than the average firing rate (Bair et al., 1994). In vitro, bursts of pyramidal neurons were found to underlie population synchrony in t ...
Chapter 12 – Auditory Localization and Organization
... A simple way to create time of arrival signaling is to have a longer path from neurons originating in one ear to the postsynaptic neuron than the path from the other ear. This is analagous to the motion detectors we studied a couple of chapters ago. Sounds in front of us If a sound strikes both L an ...
... A simple way to create time of arrival signaling is to have a longer path from neurons originating in one ear to the postsynaptic neuron than the path from the other ear. This is analagous to the motion detectors we studied a couple of chapters ago. Sounds in front of us If a sound strikes both L an ...
Somatosensory Cortical Activity in Relation to Arm Posture
... starting arrangement is altered, however, performance degradesquickly. For example, monkeys with bilateral deafferentation of the arms can perform conditioned movements about a single joint (Knapp et al. 1963) , planar pointing movements (Polit and Bizzi 1979)) and even three-dimensional pointing mo ...
... starting arrangement is altered, however, performance degradesquickly. For example, monkeys with bilateral deafferentation of the arms can perform conditioned movements about a single joint (Knapp et al. 1963) , planar pointing movements (Polit and Bizzi 1979)) and even three-dimensional pointing mo ...
cereb cort
... the role of dendritic inhibition in competition between cells and its subsequent effect on neural coding and receptive field properties has not previously been investigated. We introduce a neural network model which demonstrates that competition via dendritic inhibition significantly enhances the co ...
... the role of dendritic inhibition in competition between cells and its subsequent effect on neural coding and receptive field properties has not previously been investigated. We introduce a neural network model which demonstrates that competition via dendritic inhibition significantly enhances the co ...
Anatomical origins of the classical receptive field and modulatory
... From the analysesof our own and others’ anatomical and physiological data for the macaquevisual system,we arrive at a conclusion that three pathways can provide the Vl neuron with accessto information from the visual tieId and affect its response.Fit, direct thalamic input can determine the size of ...
... From the analysesof our own and others’ anatomical and physiological data for the macaquevisual system,we arrive at a conclusion that three pathways can provide the Vl neuron with accessto information from the visual tieId and affect its response.Fit, direct thalamic input can determine the size of ...
Physiologic basis of EMG/NCS or what constitutes a waveform?
... separate poles separated by a nonconducting material or dielectric – Hydrophobic center to lipid bilayer is good dielectric, allows membrane to function well as a capacitor ...
... separate poles separated by a nonconducting material or dielectric – Hydrophobic center to lipid bilayer is good dielectric, allows membrane to function well as a capacitor ...
Time cited
... pain model. Neuroscience, 117 (3), 503-512. Document type: Article Language: English Cited references: 57 Time cited: 21 Times self cited: 0 Abstract: Neurotrophic factors, such as nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, are members of the structurally related neurotrophin family ...
... pain model. Neuroscience, 117 (3), 503-512. Document type: Article Language: English Cited references: 57 Time cited: 21 Times self cited: 0 Abstract: Neurotrophic factors, such as nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, are members of the structurally related neurotrophin family ...
Excitation of Ventral Tegmental Area Dopaminergic and
... 14 ⫾ 0.9 mV in fast-firing and slow-firing cells, respectively; p ⬍ 0.05) and spike threshold (⫺52.2 ⫾ 0.4 and ⫺49.4 ⫾ 0.2 mV, respectively; p ⬍ 0.005). Spike duration did not differ. Input resistance did not differ in dopaminergic (266 ⫾ 48 M⍀; n ⫽ 14) and GABAergic (197 ⫾ 19 M⍀; n ⫽ 6) cells. The ...
... 14 ⫾ 0.9 mV in fast-firing and slow-firing cells, respectively; p ⬍ 0.05) and spike threshold (⫺52.2 ⫾ 0.4 and ⫺49.4 ⫾ 0.2 mV, respectively; p ⬍ 0.005). Spike duration did not differ. Input resistance did not differ in dopaminergic (266 ⫾ 48 M⍀; n ⫽ 14) and GABAergic (197 ⫾ 19 M⍀; n ⫽ 6) cells. The ...
The theory of constructed emotion: an active inference account of
... Fig. 1. The classical view of emotion. The classical view of emotion includes basic emotion theories (e.g. for a review, see Tracy and Randles, 2011), causal appraisal theories (e.g. Scherer, 2009; Roseman, 2011), and theories of emotion that rely on black-box functionalism (Davis, 1992; Anderson an ...
... Fig. 1. The classical view of emotion. The classical view of emotion includes basic emotion theories (e.g. for a review, see Tracy and Randles, 2011), causal appraisal theories (e.g. Scherer, 2009; Roseman, 2011), and theories of emotion that rely on black-box functionalism (Davis, 1992; Anderson an ...
Abstract Background Preliminary Data Hypothesis
... cornu Ammonis 1 and 3 (CA1 and CA3).These regions form a neuronal circuit between each other and with the entorhinal cortex. ...
... cornu Ammonis 1 and 3 (CA1 and CA3).These regions form a neuronal circuit between each other and with the entorhinal cortex. ...
sms7new
... 3. The STN receives input from the frontal lobe, especially from the motor, premotor, and supplementary motor cortex and from the frontal eye fields. 4. The STN sends a fast divergent excitatory projection to GPi and SNpr. 5. Reciprocal and loop-like connection among basal ganglia nuclei that may pl ...
... 3. The STN receives input from the frontal lobe, especially from the motor, premotor, and supplementary motor cortex and from the frontal eye fields. 4. The STN sends a fast divergent excitatory projection to GPi and SNpr. 5. Reciprocal and loop-like connection among basal ganglia nuclei that may pl ...
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[PDF]
... length, branch number, and dendritic end number for each eGFPþ neuron. Neurons were selected for analysis based on expression of eGFP throughout the cell body and its processes. Cells were excluded if they exhibit excessive overlapping with adjacent eGFP expressing neurons, their morphology is not i ...
... length, branch number, and dendritic end number for each eGFPþ neuron. Neurons were selected for analysis based on expression of eGFP throughout the cell body and its processes. Cells were excluded if they exhibit excessive overlapping with adjacent eGFP expressing neurons, their morphology is not i ...
Glutamate
... • Female monkeys (reared this way) were very poor mothers, especially with first born. Their behaviors were timid, emotionally over excitable. • No type of conventional therapy (not drugs) provided any long-lasting restoration of normal social function. • The most effective approach was exposure to ...
... • Female monkeys (reared this way) were very poor mothers, especially with first born. Their behaviors were timid, emotionally over excitable. • No type of conventional therapy (not drugs) provided any long-lasting restoration of normal social function. • The most effective approach was exposure to ...
Multilayer perceptrons
... function using one hidden layer with a sigmoid function, and a linear output layer A 3-layered network can therefore produce any complex decision surface However, the number of neurons in the hidden layer cannot be calculated ...
... function using one hidden layer with a sigmoid function, and a linear output layer A 3-layered network can therefore produce any complex decision surface However, the number of neurons in the hidden layer cannot be calculated ...
Cholinergic Basal Forebrain Neurons Burst with Theta during
... in association with variable EEGs (shown in power spectral array). B, Its average discharge rate was moderately high in aW, minimal in SWS, and maximal in PS. C, Its discharge pattern was rhythmic during aW, tPS, and PS (shown in the ACHs). D, Its firing was significantly cross-correlated with the E ...
... in association with variable EEGs (shown in power spectral array). B, Its average discharge rate was moderately high in aW, minimal in SWS, and maximal in PS. C, Its discharge pattern was rhythmic during aW, tPS, and PS (shown in the ACHs). D, Its firing was significantly cross-correlated with the E ...
Phys Chapter 59 [4-20
... So a grand mall attack involves abnormal activation of the thalamus, cerebral cortex, and subthalamic brainstem parts of the brain activating system o Most people who have grand mal attacks have a hereditary predisposition to epilepsy In these people, things that can increase the excitability enou ...
... So a grand mall attack involves abnormal activation of the thalamus, cerebral cortex, and subthalamic brainstem parts of the brain activating system o Most people who have grand mal attacks have a hereditary predisposition to epilepsy In these people, things that can increase the excitability enou ...
Representation of naturalistic image structure in the primate visual
... “Visual texture” refers to portions of an image that are filled with repeated elements, often subject to some randomization in their location, size, color, orientation, etc; for example, an image of leaves, or pebbles, or tree bark (Fig. 1a). Lettvin (1976), offered this insight: “Let us say that to ...
... “Visual texture” refers to portions of an image that are filled with repeated elements, often subject to some randomization in their location, size, color, orientation, etc; for example, an image of leaves, or pebbles, or tree bark (Fig. 1a). Lettvin (1976), offered this insight: “Let us say that to ...
The neuronal structure of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the
... the dendrites of relay cells in the cat GLN. It is generally considered that interneurons (Golgi type II nerve cells) play an important role in inhibitory processes [1,17,21,26]. The lateral geniculate nucleus is the primary thalamic relay, through which retinal signals pass to the cortex. Retinal a ...
... the dendrites of relay cells in the cat GLN. It is generally considered that interneurons (Golgi type II nerve cells) play an important role in inhibitory processes [1,17,21,26]. The lateral geniculate nucleus is the primary thalamic relay, through which retinal signals pass to the cortex. Retinal a ...