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Universal Annotation of Slavic Verb Forms
Universal Annotation of Slavic Verb Forms

... not a VERB. It is either an ADJ, or a NOUN. We treat such forms as adjectives or nouns derived from verbs. Nevertheless, they may have some features such as VerbForm and Tense that are normally used with verbs and that do not occur with other adjectives and nouns. Verbal nouns have the neuter gender ...
Mixed (Non)veridicality and mood choice with emotive verbs
Mixed (Non)veridicality and mood choice with emotive verbs

... 1. Languages that require subjunctive (Spanish, Italian,1 French, as above); 2. Languages that allow both subjunctive and indicative ((Brazilian) Portuguese, Catalan, Turkish); 3. Languages where emotives select indicative (Greek, Hungarian, Romanian, Bulgarian); the emotive complement may be disti ...
Shurley Grammar Unit 4
Shurley Grammar Unit 4

... • Verbs that do not form past tense in this regular way are called irregular verbs. • Most irregular verbs form the past tense by having a vowel spelling change in the word. • Examples: sing, sang, sung or eat, ate, eaten ...
Chapter 2
Chapter 2

... verb eaten is referred to as the perfective form of the verb (also known as the past participle). In (1b) the auxiliary is marks progressive (or imperfect) aspect as it relates to an activity that is presented as not yet perfected (i.e. completed). The verb eating is thus referred to as the progress ...
Grammar Script - Sprachenzentrum der Universität Bayreuth
Grammar Script - Sprachenzentrum der Universität Bayreuth

... Simple Past and Past Continuous Tenses................................................................................... 5 The Present Perfect Tense .......................................................................................................... 7 The Past Perfect Tense .................. ...
Morpho-Semantics of the Progressive
Morpho-Semantics of the Progressive

... Rothstein (1999) argues that the semantic representations of all verbs (stative or not) include reference to events, and that all be + predicate adjective constructions include reference to both states and events (the latter introduced by be). Rothstein focuses on examples like be clever, be well-be ...
preparation guide for the
preparation guide for the

... : Today’s discussion is about a common animal reaction – the yawn. The dictionary defines a yawn as “an involuntary reaction to fatigue or boredom.” That’s certainly true for human yawns. The same action can have quite different meanings in different species. For example, some animals yawn to intimi ...
Towards an understanding of the meaning of nominal tense
Towards an understanding of the meaning of nominal tense

... adjunct NP/DPs in clauses headed by verbs, (iii) is productive across the whole word class and not restricted to a small subset of forms, and (iv) if it marks “a distinction in one or more of the categories of tense, aspect, and mood, where these categories are standardly defined as they would be fo ...
Principal Parts of Verbs
Principal Parts of Verbs

... 5. They have lived here for many years. present present participle past past participle ...
Performativity, Progressive Avoidance and Aspect Unlike other
Performativity, Progressive Avoidance and Aspect Unlike other

... describes not the utterance act being produced, but the adoption of a new commitment, which has already happened at encoding time. If this is so, however, we might expect to find preteritor present-perfect-form performative clauses and it appears that we do not. Using crosslinguistic data from genet ...
French Curriculum Outline KS3
French Curriculum Outline KS3

... about what you take on holiday, describing a holiday disaster, describing a past visit (Je voudrais + infinitive, reflexive verbs, revising the Perfect tense) Moi dans le monde Discussing what you are allowed to do, explaining what is important to you, talking about things you buy, describing what m ...
Aspect Marking and Modality in Child Vietnamese
Aspect Marking and Modality in Child Vietnamese

... 2. ADULT VIETNAMESE Vietnamese is an SVO and isolating language, thus has no inflectional morphology. Verbs are not inflected, i.e. they never have a stem change, but there are various markers (separate morphemes) that accompany the verb to express Tense and Aspect. There are two types of expression ...
the category of aspect
the category of aspect

... syntactic categories (sentence, noun phrase, verb phrase etc.). Generative grammars operate with two types of categories: lexical and grammatical/syntactic categories. Lexical categories (N, V, A) coincide with the traditional parts of speech and the structuralist open classes, and grammatical categ ...
doc - Gordon College Faculty
doc - Gordon College Faculty

... the intrinsically durative aspect of this verb rendered unnecessary the development of an aorist and pluperfect conjugation) it is conceivable that grammatical constructions which normally called for those tenses may have been met by substituting the imperfect. However, aside from this rationalizati ...
Comments on Abusch`s theory of tense
Comments on Abusch`s theory of tense

... By standard composition principles, we derive that [[(2)]]g(w) = 1 iff John cries in w at g(1). The variable assignment for free variables is supplied by the utterance context: gc(1) is whichever time the speaker is referring to by her use of PAST1 in the context c. For instance, this may be a time ...
The perfect aspect: syntactic interferences on the part of brazilian
The perfect aspect: syntactic interferences on the part of brazilian

... continuing up to the present time, and - as Barbara Peterson it - a verb in a perfect construction, although expressing action, an event or a state of affairs in the past is ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... The preterite tense narrates events in the past. It refers to a single past action or state or to a series of actions viewed as a completed unit or whole. 1. The preterite is very often used to express past actions that happened and ended quickly. 2. The preterite can be used regardless of the lengt ...
湖南省第一师范学院外语系备课用纸
湖南省第一师范学院外语系备课用纸

... which formally contrasts with the indicative form was only when it is used with first and third person singular subjects. The were-subjunctive is hypothetical or unreal in meaning and is used: 1) In certain adverbial clauses The were-subjunctive is commonly used in adverbial clauses introduced by if ...
CHAPTER 9. THE SUBJUNCTIVE 1. Uses of the subjunctive In
CHAPTER 9. THE SUBJUNCTIVE 1. Uses of the subjunctive In

... Indicative is often used instead of the Simple Past Subjunctive. For instance, the following pair of examples shows how the same idea might be expressed in formal and informal English. Formal: If he were here now, I would give him the books. Informal: If he was here now, I would give him the books. ...
Temporal Properties of Persian and English
Temporal Properties of Persian and English

... nally, while English has six tense forms such as present, present perfect, past, past perfect, future, and future perfect, Persian has only five tense forms; it lacks future perfect tense and present perfect tense is being used instead. Inherent aspect and tense are syntactically instantiated in bot ...
The morphosyntax of mood in early grammar, with special reference
The morphosyntax of mood in early grammar, with special reference

... Much recent acquisition research within the principles and parameters framework has focused on early morphosyntactic development. One notable result from this line of research is the finding that children converge on the core morphosyntactic properties of the adult “target” very early in the acquisi ...
Abstract
Abstract

... while the perfective aspect allows for four tenses: - perfectum (obljubil sem, 'I have promised'(PF)), - plusquamperfectum (obljubil sem bil, 'I had promised'(PF)), - futurum exactum (obljubil bom 'I will promise’(PF)), - aorist (obljubim, 'I promise’(PF)). One thing is certain for Skrabec (1887:VII ...
scheme of work gr 7-11
scheme of work gr 7-11

... Use the verb voir (to see) Use the verb venir (to come) Use the verb aller + infinitive (to be going to…) Use the verb pouvoir + infinitive (to be able to…) Use the verbs dire (to say), lire (to read) and écrire (to write) Use the verbs apprendre (to learn) and comprendre (to understand) Use reflexi ...
Andrew Dombrowski
Andrew Dombrowski

... deverbal adjectives in *-lo are found in multiple Indo-European languages, although few languages other than Slavic grammaticalize these forms as participles (Meillet 1965: 263). Given this, it is more probable that examples such as (12) actually represent archaisms in Slavic. The situation in conte ...
English
English

... certainly do better if certain basic rules of English were taught to them in interactive classroom activities. Mere blank filling exercises, if not preceded by teaching and supported by meaningful, life situation practice will not achieve much. Vocabulary problems like the difference between tight a ...
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Tense–aspect–mood

Tense–aspect–mood, commonly abbreviated tam and also called tense–modality–aspect or tma, is the grammatical system of a language that covers the expression of tense (location in time), aspect (fabric of time – a single block of time, continuous flow of time, or repetitive occurrence), and mood or modality (degree of necessity, obligation, probability, ability). In some cases, evidentiality (whether evidence exists for the statement, and if so what kind) may also be included.The term is convenient because it is often difficult to untangle these features of a language. Often any two of tense, aspect, and mood (or all three) may be conveyed by a single grammatical construction, but this system may not be complete in that not all possible combinations may have an available construction. In other cases there may not be clearly delineated categories of tense and mood, or aspect and mood.For instance, many Indo-European languages do not clearly distinguish tense from aspect. In some languages, such as Spanish and Modern Greek, the imperfective aspect is fused with the past tense in a form traditionally called the imperfect. Other languages with distinct past imperfectives include Latin and Persian.In the traditional grammatical description of some languages, including English, many Romance languages, and Greek and Latin, ""tense"" or the equivalent term in that language refers to a set of inflected or periphrastic verb forms that express a combination of tense, aspect, and mood. In Spanish, the simple conditional (Spanish: condicional simple) is classified as one of the simple tenses (Spanish: tiempos simples), but is named for the mood (conditional) that it expresses. In Ancient Greek, the perfect tense (Ancient Greek: χρόνος παρακείμενος khrónos parakeímenos) is a set of forms that express both present tense and perfect aspect (finite forms), or simply perfect aspect (non-finite forms).Not all languages conflate tense, aspect, and mood, however; close to a theoretically ideal distinction, with separate grammatical markers for tense, aspect, and mood, is made in some analytic languages such as creole languages.
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