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00216 - UROP
00216 - UROP

... Author: Christopher J. Stapleton Mentor: Daniele Piomelli, Kwang-Mook Jung Title: Activation of Group I Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Stimulates Endocannabinoid Formation in Brain Slice Cultures Activation of group I metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors causes the endocannabinoid system to ind ...
Network Posters - Dementias Platform UK
Network Posters - Dementias Platform UK

... Image Acquisition and Analysis Novel measurements of micro-vessel structure and ...
What is Your Reaction Time?
What is Your Reaction Time?

... Neuron: Nerve cell. The basic units of the central nervous system, neurons are responsible for the transmission of nerve impulses. Unlike any other cell in the body, neurons consist of a central cell body as well as several threadlike "arms" called axons and dendrites, which transmit nerve impulses. ...
Option E: Neurobiology and behaviour
Option E: Neurobiology and behaviour

... E.2.1 Outline the diversity of stimuli that can be detected by human sensory receptors, including mechanoreceptors, chemoreceptors, thermoreceptors and photoreceptors. E.2.2 Label a diagram of the structure of the human eye. E.2.3 Annotate a diagram of the retina to show the cell types and the direc ...
Chapter 5 Gases - LCMR School District
Chapter 5 Gases - LCMR School District

... • Bilateral animals have three types of neurons: sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. • Flatworms have paired ganglia that serve as an integrating center. Other invertebrates have more complex brains. • Bilateral invertebrates usually have a pair of ventral nerve cords. In contrast, the ...
Exploring the Human Nervous System
Exploring the Human Nervous System

... Saltatory conduction is faster than conduction on unmyelinated neurons. ...
Chapter 5 Gases - Bethel Local Schools
Chapter 5 Gases - Bethel Local Schools

... • Bilateral animals have three types of neurons: sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. • Flatworms have paired ganglia that serve as an integrating center. Other invertebrates have more complex brains. • Bilateral invertebrates usually have a pair of ventral nerve cords. In contrast, the ...
AP Ch. 2 vocab
AP Ch. 2 vocab

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optimization of neuronal cultures derived from human induced
optimization of neuronal cultures derived from human induced

... Supplement (Invitrogen), 500 µM glutamine (Invitrogen), and 6.25 µM glutamate (Sigma). When neurons were cocultured with glia, medium consisted of Advanced DMEM/F12 plus 1% fetal calf serum. Cultures were analyzed between 2 and 7 weeks in vitro on the MANTRA system or on a fluorescence microscope im ...
resource - Fujisawa lab
resource - Fujisawa lab

... A recent innovation in experimental neuroscience has been the development of light-activated channels or pumps, derived from microbial photosynthetic systems, to modulate neural activity, known as opto­ genetics. The best-known prototypes for the application of optical control in neurons include the ...
The mind`s mirror
The mind`s mirror

... mirror neurons might provide a neuroscience-based answer to those questions. Mirror neurons are a type of brain cell that respond equally when we perform an action and when we witness someone else perform the same action. They were first discovered in the early 1990s, when a team of Italian research ...
The Importance of the Nervous System
The Importance of the Nervous System

... Nerve Impulses • there are about 100 billion neurons in the human brain • neurons can transmit 10-100 nerve impulses per second ...
chapter 7 the nervous system
chapter 7 the nervous system

... Nissl Substance – the rough ER that maintains the shape of the cell Dendrites – convey incoming messages TOWARD the cell body Axons – convey incoming messages AWAY from the cell body Axonal Terminals – where the axons end Schwann Cells – cells that wrap around the axon Nodes of Ranvier – the gaps or ...
The four major types
The four major types

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Chapter 12: Neural Tissue
Chapter 12: Neural Tissue

... – K+ inside and outside of the cell are attracted to the negative charges on the inside of the cell membrane, and repelled by the positive charges on the outside of the cell membrane • indicated in white on the next slide ...
Lecture #13 – Animal Nervous Systems
Lecture #13 – Animal Nervous Systems

... 5. Neurotransmitters bind to the receiving cell ...
Transmission at the Synapse and the
Transmission at the Synapse and the

... excitatory synapse on another neuron, and the two nerve endings form an axoaxonal synapse. o There are 3 mechanisms of presynaptic inhibition:  Activation of chloride channels in the PRE-synaptic neuron – that hyperpolarizes the excitatory nerve ending and thus reduced the magnitude of excitatory a ...
Nervous System
Nervous System

... positively charged relative to outside (reverse polarization or depolarization) 5. Reverse polarization at original site acts as a stimulus to adjacent region of membrane ...
The Nervous System
The Nervous System

Slide ()
Slide ()

... Sensory inputs to the vestibular nuclei. Neurons in the superior and medial vestibular nuclei receive input predominantly from the semicircular canals but also from the otolith organs. Neurons in the lateral vestibular nucleus (Deiters' nucleus) receive input from the semicircular canals and otolith ...
The Nervous System
The Nervous System

... • Reassure concerned bystanders who may be upset and ask them to give the person room. • Remove sharp objects (glasses, furniture, and other objects) from around the person to prevent injury. • After the seizure, it is helpful to lay the person on their side to maintain an open airway and prevent t ...
Intro to Nervous System
Intro to Nervous System

... activities that occur in the body are maintained within normal physiological limits. In addition, our body constantly reacts to a multitude of signals, be it external or internal signals. Two body systems are responsible for dealing with these signals and controlling the state of homeostasis •  Endo ...
Neuroscience - Thermo Fisher Scientific
Neuroscience - Thermo Fisher Scientific

PSYC465 - neuroanatomy
PSYC465 - neuroanatomy

... This provides a barrier for the passage of some large-molecules and proteins into the brain. Not all large molecules are impeded (e.g., glucose). Sex hormones readily pass through to certain brain areas where the BBB is weak. ...
Peripheral Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System

... The Sodium-Potassium Pump: a Specific Case of Active Transport ...
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Channelrhodopsin



Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.
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