European Union Emissions Trading Scheme: Institutional Lessons
... The National Leading Group Dealing with Climate Change, Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction under State Council; ...
... The National Leading Group Dealing with Climate Change, Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction under State Council; ...
How the United Nations System Supports Ambitious Action
... be constructed according to a mandatory design index, which sets minimum and progressively strengthened energy-efficiency levels (CO2 emissions per tonne–mile) for different ship types and sizes. Furthermore, ships are required to have a Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan that assists in the ide ...
... be constructed according to a mandatory design index, which sets minimum and progressively strengthened energy-efficiency levels (CO2 emissions per tonne–mile) for different ship types and sizes. Furthermore, ships are required to have a Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan that assists in the ide ...
Climate change: the global public good
... life, damage to “less managed resources” (such as wilderness and biodiversity). The chances that these adverse effects will take place are rather poorly understood and the ensuing socioeconomic outcomes are even less foreseeable. At the same time there is a substantial disagreement on many substanti ...
... life, damage to “less managed resources” (such as wilderness and biodiversity). The chances that these adverse effects will take place are rather poorly understood and the ensuing socioeconomic outcomes are even less foreseeable. At the same time there is a substantial disagreement on many substanti ...
How the UN System Supports Ambitious Action on Climate Change
... on renewable and other energy sources from a number of UN agencies. The focus of this particular study was on renewables, but it also included nuclear as an option. This enabled Ghana to explore alternative scenarios for developing a much bigger low-carbon energy sector based on different assumption ...
... on renewable and other energy sources from a number of UN agencies. The focus of this particular study was on renewables, but it also included nuclear as an option. This enabled Ghana to explore alternative scenarios for developing a much bigger low-carbon energy sector based on different assumption ...
PDF
... Global emissions of carbon dioxide, the primary greenhouse gas, have risen about 30 percent since 1990. Projections indicate that in the absence of effective climate change policies global CO2 emissions could increase a further 60 to 70 percent by 2030, with continued growth in emissions beyond that ...
... Global emissions of carbon dioxide, the primary greenhouse gas, have risen about 30 percent since 1990. Projections indicate that in the absence of effective climate change policies global CO2 emissions could increase a further 60 to 70 percent by 2030, with continued growth in emissions beyond that ...
Climate and Climate Change in West Africa, 2008
... When solar radiation reaches the Earth’s atmosphere, a part of it (28%) is directly reflected back (back to space) by the Earth’s air, white clouds and uncovered surface areas (particularly white, ice-covered areas like the Arctic and Antarctic). This is called the albedo. Incidental sun rays that a ...
... When solar radiation reaches the Earth’s atmosphere, a part of it (28%) is directly reflected back (back to space) by the Earth’s air, white clouds and uncovered surface areas (particularly white, ice-covered areas like the Arctic and Antarctic). This is called the albedo. Incidental sun rays that a ...
In Search of Refuge: Pacific Islands, Climate - East
... sources and arable land, damage to the near-shore marine environment, and the associated destruction of their economic base may force displacement of entire populations and their governments. That reality justifies a separate category of protection for the people of small island states in the Pacifi ...
... sources and arable land, damage to the near-shore marine environment, and the associated destruction of their economic base may force displacement of entire populations and their governments. That reality justifies a separate category of protection for the people of small island states in the Pacifi ...
Econometrics and the Science of Climate Change
... its growth rate is increasing, and of N2O, 11 per cent over that period (in total, not p.a.), against 13 per cent in CO2 (IPCC, Solomon et al. 2007:141). “The major (95%) sink for methane is OH radicals in the troposphere. These are concentrated in the tropics as water vapour is their source and wat ...
... its growth rate is increasing, and of N2O, 11 per cent over that period (in total, not p.a.), against 13 per cent in CO2 (IPCC, Solomon et al. 2007:141). “The major (95%) sink for methane is OH radicals in the troposphere. These are concentrated in the tropics as water vapour is their source and wat ...
California rainfall is becoming greater, with heavier storms
... trends in precipitation, both in the United States and in California. Karl and Knight (1998) found a 10% increase in annual precipitation in the United States between 1910 and 1996 with over half of this increase coming from the upper 10 percentile of daily precipitation. In their study, Higgins et ...
... trends in precipitation, both in the United States and in California. Karl and Knight (1998) found a 10% increase in annual precipitation in the United States between 1910 and 1996 with over half of this increase coming from the upper 10 percentile of daily precipitation. In their study, Higgins et ...
4 Anthropogenic Changes and the Global Carbon Cycle
... and the atmosphere each year through the biological processes of photosynthesis (uptake) and respiration (release). Similarly, 90 Gt C is emitted and 92 Gt C absorbed by the ocean each year7,11 through a combination of physical exchange and biological activity at the ocean surface. In comparison, on ...
... and the atmosphere each year through the biological processes of photosynthesis (uptake) and respiration (release). Similarly, 90 Gt C is emitted and 92 Gt C absorbed by the ocean each year7,11 through a combination of physical exchange and biological activity at the ocean surface. In comparison, on ...
A Climate in Crisis: How climate change is
... linking temperature, especially in Africa where historic data is limited. Lack of detection of a link in attribution studies of individual seasonal outcomes does not firmly indicate the fingerprint of climate change is not present.17 ...
... linking temperature, especially in Africa where historic data is limited. Lack of detection of a link in attribution studies of individual seasonal outcomes does not firmly indicate the fingerprint of climate change is not present.17 ...
climate change
... have tended not to indicate a strong influence of climate change on rainfall intensity (see Table 1). Given East Africa is already prone to droughts and has high year-to-year variability in its climate, there is disagreement over what is natural variability and what might be caused by climate change ...
... have tended not to indicate a strong influence of climate change on rainfall intensity (see Table 1). Given East Africa is already prone to droughts and has high year-to-year variability in its climate, there is disagreement over what is natural variability and what might be caused by climate change ...
A Climate in Crisis: How climate change is making drought and
... have tended not to indicate a strong influence of climate change on rainfall intensity (see Table 1). Given East Africa is already prone to droughts and has high year-to-year variability in its climate, there is disagreement over what is natural variability and what might be caused by climate change ...
... have tended not to indicate a strong influence of climate change on rainfall intensity (see Table 1). Given East Africa is already prone to droughts and has high year-to-year variability in its climate, there is disagreement over what is natural variability and what might be caused by climate change ...
How Can Latin America Help the World to Cope with Climate
... 2. The Deforestation Problem Forests influence climate change in several ways. First, they are a major sink of carbon (C), holding it in trees, biomass and underground soil. The amount of C held depends on the type of forest, tropical forests being the most important. Forests can have positive effe ...
... 2. The Deforestation Problem Forests influence climate change in several ways. First, they are a major sink of carbon (C), holding it in trees, biomass and underground soil. The amount of C held depends on the type of forest, tropical forests being the most important. Forests can have positive effe ...
M01P02SusCO2Emiss
... Source: Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) ...
... Source: Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) ...
Moresby Declaration for an effective global climate agreement
... climate change, to ensure the survival and viability of all Pacific small island developing states, in particular low-lying atoll states, and other vulnerable countries and regions worldwide iii; 4. That the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFC ...
... climate change, to ensure the survival and viability of all Pacific small island developing states, in particular low-lying atoll states, and other vulnerable countries and regions worldwide iii; 4. That the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFC ...
Slides with background notes
... U.S. National Academies of Science and Engineering: “The scientific understanding of climate change is now sufficiently clear to justify nations taking prompt action. It is vital that all nations identify cost-effective steps that they can take now, to contribute to substantial and long-term reduc ...
... U.S. National Academies of Science and Engineering: “The scientific understanding of climate change is now sufficiently clear to justify nations taking prompt action. It is vital that all nations identify cost-effective steps that they can take now, to contribute to substantial and long-term reduc ...
Climate Change
... ITU standards are therefore truly global, open standards, available free of charge, unlike those of many other standards bodies, fora or consortium that claim to produce global and open standards. Publicly available database of products and services meeting ITU standards Organizing interoperability ...
... ITU standards are therefore truly global, open standards, available free of charge, unlike those of many other standards bodies, fora or consortium that claim to produce global and open standards. Publicly available database of products and services meeting ITU standards Organizing interoperability ...
Combining multiple climate policy instruments: how not to do it - Working Paper 38 (598 kB) (opens in new window)
... features of both price-based (tax) and quantity-based (cap and trade) instruments to create so-called hybrid policies2. Despite an ongoing debate about the relative merits of a tax or a permit trading system on its own (for example, Hoel and Karp 2001; Newell and Pizer, 2003; Fell et al, 2008), econ ...
... features of both price-based (tax) and quantity-based (cap and trade) instruments to create so-called hybrid policies2. Despite an ongoing debate about the relative merits of a tax or a permit trading system on its own (for example, Hoel and Karp 2001; Newell and Pizer, 2003; Fell et al, 2008), econ ...
A in West Africa
... When solar radiation reaches the Earth’s atmosphere, a part of it (28%) is directly reflected back (back to space) by the Earth’s air, white clouds and uncovered surface areas (particularly white, ice-covered areas like the Arctic and Antarctic). This is called the albedo. Incidental sun rays that a ...
... When solar radiation reaches the Earth’s atmosphere, a part of it (28%) is directly reflected back (back to space) by the Earth’s air, white clouds and uncovered surface areas (particularly white, ice-covered areas like the Arctic and Antarctic). This is called the albedo. Incidental sun rays that a ...
China’s Carbon Tax Gestation: Function, Theoretical Basis and Framework
... patterns, and promote sustainable economic development. 2.1 To reduce CO2 emissions The purpose of levying on carbon tax is to reduce the emissions of CO2 and other GHG, to prevent global warming, and to protect human living environment. It is one of the main policies to response to climate change ...
... patterns, and promote sustainable economic development. 2.1 To reduce CO2 emissions The purpose of levying on carbon tax is to reduce the emissions of CO2 and other GHG, to prevent global warming, and to protect human living environment. It is one of the main policies to response to climate change ...
The Impact of Animal Agriculture on Global Warming and Climate
... practices customary in the United States and Europe has extended into less-developed countries. Globally, industrial systems account for an estimated 67% of poultry meat production, 50% of egg production, and 42% of pork production.26 In China, India, and Brazil, for example, producers are increasin ...
... practices customary in the United States and Europe has extended into less-developed countries. Globally, industrial systems account for an estimated 67% of poultry meat production, 50% of egg production, and 42% of pork production.26 In China, India, and Brazil, for example, producers are increasin ...
A Proposal for the Design of the Successor to the Kyoto Protocol
... and its brevity has two major advantages as well as several minor ones. First, it takes into account the uncertainty and new information surrounding both climate change and the costs of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Second, it recognizes that there will likely be changing responsibilities acros ...
... and its brevity has two major advantages as well as several minor ones. First, it takes into account the uncertainty and new information surrounding both climate change and the costs of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Second, it recognizes that there will likely be changing responsibilities acros ...
Extended Abstract
... the 95% significance level, while the observed do not even exceed the 90% significance level. The two members that do exceed the 95% threshold both have negative trends in soil moisture. However, the larger in magnitude the model ensemble is with increase trends in temperature steps, the more likely ...
... the 95% significance level, while the observed do not even exceed the 90% significance level. The two members that do exceed the 95% threshold both have negative trends in soil moisture. However, the larger in magnitude the model ensemble is with increase trends in temperature steps, the more likely ...
Climate change in Canada
In Canada mitigation of anthropogenic climate change is being addressed more seriously by the provinces than by the federal government.