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OCR Biology AS and A2 GCE specifications for
OCR Biology AS and A2 GCE specifications for

... Discuss the fact that classification systems were based originally on observable features but more recent approaches draw on a wider range of evidence to clarify relationships between organisms, including molecular evidence (HSW1, 7a); Define the term variation and discuss the fact that variation oc ...
Document
Document

... Amino acid in P site is transferred to amino acid in A site. Translocation requires GTP and EF-G. EF-G enters A site, shifting tRNAs. When EF-G leaves, A site is open for a new ternary complex. A new ternary complex associates with A site, and deacylated tRNA leaves from E site. ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... expression is under complex controls. All cells have the same DNA sequences, they same chromosomes, and yet they each look and function very differently. Cell differentiation is achieved by changes in gene expression. The differences between this neuron and the lymphocyte depend on the precise contr ...
Evidence for Evolution Review
Evidence for Evolution Review

Chapter 14
Chapter 14

... possible outcomes: or original, unmutated sequence ...
Genomics Glossary - College of American Pathologists
Genomics Glossary - College of American Pathologists

... Copy number variant: The gene copy number (also "copy number variants" or CNVs) is the number of copies of a particular gene in the genotype of an individual. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA): An informational molecule encoding the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known ...
A1983QN93000002
A1983QN93000002

... a temperate phage. Because of how little we knew about phage or temperate phage at the time (1950-1951), this finding wasn't all that helpful. In a not quite straight path of research and analysis, we finally showed that the activity was in phage-like particles. Bacterial genes (soon to become DNA) ...
TRANSGENIC ANIMALS
TRANSGENIC ANIMALS

... o Rabbits are quite promising for gene farming or molecular farming, which aims at the production of recoverable quantities of biologically important proteins encoded by the transgenes. o Transgenic animals used for this purpose are popularly called bioreactors. o These transgenes are expressed in m ...
DNA and the Genome
DNA and the Genome

glossary of technical terms
glossary of technical terms

DNA: The Hereditary Material
DNA: The Hereditary Material

... chemical composition of DNA. He discovered that the nuclei of cells contain large quantities of a substance that does not act as a protein. He called this substance nuclein. ...
Algorithms for Bioinformatics Autumn 2010
Algorithms for Bioinformatics Autumn 2010

...  It can be argued that penalty of insertion + deletion should be always greater than penalty for one mismatch. ...
Genes
Genes

First in Plants - The Sainsbury Laboratory
First in Plants - The Sainsbury Laboratory

Slide 1
Slide 1

... Thus, the total number of potential strings is 220 * H(n,i,j). n the total number of G or C nucleotides i the total number of A or U nucleotides at 5’ end j the total number of A or U nucleotides at 3’ end ...
Molecular Analysis of Lactic Acid Bacteria in an Inhospitable
Molecular Analysis of Lactic Acid Bacteria in an Inhospitable

... were isolated. Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences from these isolates grouped them phylogenetically with the clades from the sediment DNA (FIG 1). The “flat” colony type was identified by BLAST analysis as Lactobacillus brevis, the most common beer spoilage isolate. The 16S rRNA gene se ...
COMP.350/580.202 LAB: GENOME ANNOTATION 2/3/16 Reference
COMP.350/580.202 LAB: GENOME ANNOTATION 2/3/16 Reference

... Experiment 3: Insert a Start Codon into a Gene Genes have a beginning and an end. 1. Click Apollo. 2. Click Tiers and select Expand Tiers to view the entire evidence available. (Apollo initially collapses each evidence types onto a single line each, regardless of how many pieces of evidence are avai ...
Unraveling the DNA Myth, The Spurious Foundation of
Unraveling the DNA Myth, The Spurious Foundation of

No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... A library is simply a collection of clones. Genomic clones are made from chromosomal DNA of some organism. A Genome Equivalent is the number of clones it would take for the size of the cloned fragments to equal the size of the genome of the organism. Fox example, consider a genome equivalent for mai ...
Chapter 11 Notes: DNA and Genes
Chapter 11 Notes: DNA and Genes

... In transcription, a single strand of mRNA is copied from DNA, by an enzyme called RNA polymerase. In this case, however, thymine is replaced with uracil, so the “new” base pairing rule is C-G & A-U. The mRNA is then able to move through the nuclear membrane into the cytosol. Remember that all RNA i ...
Chapter 1 – Exploring Life
Chapter 1 – Exploring Life

Chapter 13- RNA and Protein Synthesis
Chapter 13- RNA and Protein Synthesis

... Central Dogma of Molecular Biolgy Information is transferred from DNA → RNA → protein ...
Watson, Crick and Wilkins
Watson, Crick and Wilkins

... double-stranded RNA” Fire and Mello in 1998* found that if they injected fragments of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into C. elegans, they could selectively turn off certain genes if one strand of the dsRNA was complementary to the gene on the DNA. We now know that such exogenous dsRNA, or RNAi, uses a ...
Chapter 13- RNA and Protein Synthesis
Chapter 13- RNA and Protein Synthesis

... Central Dogma of Molecular Biolgy Information is transferred from DNA → RNA → protein ...
Genetic Transformation computer exercise
Genetic Transformation computer exercise

... database of all publicly available DNA sequences and their protein translations, for the foreign gene used in the Genetic Transformation Lab. Sequences in GenBank are contributed by individual labs and sequencing facilities all over the world. As of April 2008, there were more than 76 million indivi ...
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Molecular evolution

Molecular evolution is a change in the sequence composition of cellular molecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins across generations. The field of molecular evolution uses principles of evolutionary biology and population genetics to explain patterns in these changes. Major topics in molecular evolution concern the rates and impacts of single nucleotide changes, neutral evolution vs. natural selection, origins of new genes, the genetic nature of complex traits, the genetic basis of speciation, evolution of development, and ways that evolutionary forces influence genomic and phenotypic changes.
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