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world health organization
world health organization

...  The dose of Pyrazinamide in children above 3 months of age should be 35 mg/kg (range 30-40) per day. The maximum daily dose should not exceed the recommended adult daily dose.  The dose of Isoniazid in children above 3 months of age for treatment or prophylaxis (treatment of latent TB infection) ...
Genetic Diseases in Poodles
Genetic Diseases in Poodles

... area which usually forms the “ball” part of the ball and socket hip joint. The fascial tissue and overlying muscle of the joint then form a pseudoarthrosis or false joint. By eliminating bony contact between the femur and the pelvis, and allowing formation of a false joint, pain is alleviated. There ...
Epidemiology and global health, infectious disease
Epidemiology and global health, infectious disease

... Introduction to Epidemiology: Introduces the study of patterns in disease and health outcomes, including basic concepts and utility of epidemiologic framework, and critical evaluation of epidemiologic research. Nutritional Anthropology: Introduces the study of human nutrition in ecological context, ...
A1.1.1 Routes of transmission
A1.1.1 Routes of transmission

... bronchoscopy, airway suctioning, endotracheal intubation, positive pressure ventilation via face mask and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. Aerosols containing infectious agents can be dispersed over long distances by air currents (e.g. ventilation or air conditioning systems) and inhaled by s ...
Objectives of Training in the Specialty of Internal Medicine
Objectives of Training in the Specialty of Internal Medicine

... Upon completion of training, a resident will be a competent specialist in Internal Medicine and will be able to fulfill a consultant’s role in the specialty. The resident must acquire proficiency in the theoretical basis of the specialty, including its foundations in basic medical sciences and resea ...
Objectives of Training in the Specialty of Internal Medicine
Objectives of Training in the Specialty of Internal Medicine

... Upon completion of training, a resident will be a competent specialist in Internal Medicine and will be able to fulfill a consultant’s role in the specialty. The resident must acquire proficiency in the theoretical basis of the specialty, including its foundations in basic medical sciences and resea ...
20.3 Diseases
20.3 Diseases

... In recent years, limited progress has been made in developing a handful of antiviral drugs that attack specific viral enzymes that host cells do not have. These treatments include an antiviral medication that can help speed recovery from the flu virus and another that may—in certain instances— ...
Miscellaneous Rheumatic Diseases
Miscellaneous Rheumatic Diseases

... PCR, at 0, 4 and 18 hr. Results: In 1 patient with a severe minocycline induced illness consisting of fever, rash and a small joint polyarthritis starting within 3–4 weeks of commencing minocycline, a marked elevation in TNF mRNA production was seen after 18 hr of culture with 50 g/ml minocycline ...
PDF
PDF

... of spread within the family? We can answer these questions by carefully counting the possibilities. Consider a fixed population and assume that three kinds of individuals in it are defined by a disease: susceptibles,infectives, and removals.Susceptibles can acquire the infection upon effective conta ...
Causal Concepts
Causal Concepts

... stages of Hl'V infection (Fig. 2.3). Exposure to HIV is followed by an acute response that may be accompanied by unrecognized flulike symptoms. Although prospective cases do not exhibit detectable antibodies until approximately 6 weeks foliowing the initial infection, they can still be infectious du ...
What You Should Know About Acute Retinal Necrosis
What You Should Know About Acute Retinal Necrosis

... By Jason Sanders, MD and David Browning, MD, PhD What is ARN? Acute Retinal Necrosis, or ARN, is a rare devastating ocular disease caused by a reactivation of a previous infection of either the herpes simplex virus (HSV) or the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Both HSV and VZV are common. In fact, test ...
Plants, Medicine, and Culture
Plants, Medicine, and Culture

... • Understanding the structure of morphine allowed understanding of the receptors in the brain through which morphine functions • one way to understand a pathway is to find an example where the pathway DOESN’T WORK. • Then look at the differences between the one that works and the one that doesn’t. • ...
infectious diseases - American Academy of Pediatrics
infectious diseases - American Academy of Pediatrics

... Three of the major goals of the SOID are: 1) to strengthen our relationship with the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS) in order to expand the educational and networking venues available to our membership. The SOID continues to work with PIDS on the PREP ID Board Review course and on other ...
ASM - NZQA
ASM - NZQA

... • Chicken pox is a very contagious disease. A viral illness that causes blister-like spots, fever and skin irritation. Effect on the child: • Child will have itchy, small blistery spots on their skin, and may be uncomfortable with fever, general aches and pains, and tiredness. Children are usually i ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... “COPD is a disease state characterised by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation is usually both progressive and associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles or gases.” ...
Selected Neurological and Respiratory Disorders
Selected Neurological and Respiratory Disorders

... currently has TB, if they were exposed to it in the past, or if they received the BCG vaccine against TB (which is not performed in the U.S.). • The tuberculin skin test is based on the fact that infection with M. tuberculosis produces a delayed-type hypersensitivity skin reaction to certain compone ...
The Etiology of Genital Ulcer Disease in Zimbabwe: Implications for
The Etiology of Genital Ulcer Disease in Zimbabwe: Implications for

... years, it is estimated that in 2012, 5.6 million incident syphilis cases occurred worldwide of ...
Chlamydia - Knowyo.org
Chlamydia - Knowyo.org

... •In an effort to prevent drug-resistant gonorrhea, dual therapy is recommended for treatment •Treatment of gonorrhea relies on the effectiveness of antibiotics •If treatment for gonorrhea infection fails, it should be reported to Wyoming Department of Health •Gonorrhea cultures should be done in the ...
pdf
pdf

... and federal and state agencies monitor diseases of corals around the globe. Diagnostic tools are critical for early detection in the absence of visible or clinical signs or when the causative agent is unknown or multifactorial (e.g. dual infections or a combination of infection and temperature). Suc ...
The spread of pathogens through trade in aquatic animals and
The spread of pathogens through trade in aquatic animals and

... (3) Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Barrack Rd, Weymouth, DT4 8UB, United Kingdom ...
dealing with infectious diseases policy
dealing with infectious diseases policy

... Infection: The invasion and multiplication of micro-organisms in bodily tissue. Infestation: The lodgement, development and reproduction of arthropods (such as head lice), either on the surface of the body of humans or animals, or in clothing. Infectious disease: A disease that can be spread, for ex ...
long-term (chronic) vomiting
long-term (chronic) vomiting

...  Dietary therapy for patients with suspected food allergy or with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) should use a diet containing a single-source protein novel to the patient (that is, feeding a protein to which the animal has never been exposed) SURGERY ...
Management Guideline for Pregnant Women and
Management Guideline for Pregnant Women and

... cases in Mexico have been reviewed, the level of severity has been comparable across regions. Like classic influenza, symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, fatigue, and lack of appetite. Some people, particularly younger individuals have reported vomiting and diarrhea. 4, 5 Elderly persons app ...
Infections and Atherosclerosis: New Clues from an Old Hypothesis?
Infections and Atherosclerosis: New Clues from an Old Hypothesis?

... theory" and into the "multifactorial" (17, 18) or "black box" (40) paradigm. As a result of this change in focus, little attention was devoted to the inflammation and infectious hypotheses in subsequent decades, with only a few exceptions ( 4 1 44). Notable among these was the 1931 article by Benson ...
File
File

... – Antibacterials (Penicillin) – Supportive measures – Pneumococcal vaccine ...
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Syndemic

A syndemic is the aggregation of two or more diseases in a population in which there is some level of positive biological interaction that exacerbates the negative health effects of any or all of the diseases. The term was developed and introduced by Merrill Singer in several articles in the mid-1990s and has since received growing attention and use among epidemiologists and medical anthropologists concerned with community health and the effects of social conditions on health, culminating in a recent textbook. Syndemics tend to develop under conditions of health disparity, caused by poverty, stress, or structural violence, and contribute to a significant burden of disease in affected populations. The term syndemic is further reserved to label the consequential interactions between concurrent or sequential diseases in a population and in relation to the social conditions that cluster the diseases within the population.The traditional biomedical approach to disease is characterized by an effort to diagnostically isolate, study, and treat diseases as if they were distinct entities that existed in nature separate from other diseases and independent of the social contexts in which they are found. This singular approach proved useful historically in focusing medical attention on the immediate causes and biological expressions of disease and contributed, as a result, to the emergence of targeted modern biomedical treatments for specific diseases, many of which have been successful. As knowledge about diseases has advanced, it is increasingly realized that diseases are not independent and that synergistic disease interactions are of considerable importance for prognosis. Given that social conditions can contribute to the clustering, form and progression of disease at the individual and population level, there is growing interest in the health sciences on syndemics.
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