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helicobacter pylori antigen
helicobacter pylori antigen

... The genus Helicobacter are gram-negative, non-spore forming rods. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) varies from 20% in young adults in developed countries to sometimes more than 90% in developing countries. Estimated that around 50% of the world’s population may be infected with H. p ...
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... Pathology  Upper Respiratory Diseases  Diphtheria – acute infectious disease of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by the presence of diphtheria bacteria. It can be prevented through immunization.  Influenza – also known as the flu. Is an acute, highly contagious viral respiratory inf ...
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... and early exposure confers some immunity, since adults are rarely affected. On the contrary, because of lack of exposure in the developed world, giardiasis occurs more frequently in adults than in children. After an incubation period of 12-15 days, nausea, anorexia, epigastric fullness, and malaise ...
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... Public health implications of microbial food safety and foodborne diseases in developing countries ood is one of the most important transmission routes of diseases globally due to microbial contaminations (1). Global emergence and reemergence of foodborne pathogens have made microbiological safety a ...
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... Tubular dilatation occurs Kidneys become enlarged Slow progressive renal failure ...
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Syndemic

A syndemic is the aggregation of two or more diseases in a population in which there is some level of positive biological interaction that exacerbates the negative health effects of any or all of the diseases. The term was developed and introduced by Merrill Singer in several articles in the mid-1990s and has since received growing attention and use among epidemiologists and medical anthropologists concerned with community health and the effects of social conditions on health, culminating in a recent textbook. Syndemics tend to develop under conditions of health disparity, caused by poverty, stress, or structural violence, and contribute to a significant burden of disease in affected populations. The term syndemic is further reserved to label the consequential interactions between concurrent or sequential diseases in a population and in relation to the social conditions that cluster the diseases within the population.The traditional biomedical approach to disease is characterized by an effort to diagnostically isolate, study, and treat diseases as if they were distinct entities that existed in nature separate from other diseases and independent of the social contexts in which they are found. This singular approach proved useful historically in focusing medical attention on the immediate causes and biological expressions of disease and contributed, as a result, to the emergence of targeted modern biomedical treatments for specific diseases, many of which have been successful. As knowledge about diseases has advanced, it is increasingly realized that diseases are not independent and that synergistic disease interactions are of considerable importance for prognosis. Given that social conditions can contribute to the clustering, form and progression of disease at the individual and population level, there is growing interest in the health sciences on syndemics.
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