Male Bias in Distributions of Additive Genetic, Residual, and
... from differences in these factors. For example, sex differences in allele frequencies can occur, most obviously through sex linkage. At a sex-linked locus, the homogametic sex can be homozygous or heterozygous, whereas the heterogametic sex is hemizygous. Under certain assumptions, the heterogametic ...
... from differences in these factors. For example, sex differences in allele frequencies can occur, most obviously through sex linkage. At a sex-linked locus, the homogametic sex can be homozygous or heterozygous, whereas the heterogametic sex is hemizygous. Under certain assumptions, the heterogametic ...
A dynamic deterministic model to optimize a multiple
... The deterministic model described above allows global optimization of the selection scheme to maximize the frequency of the desired genotype for a monogenic trait, while minimizing the loss of genetic progress on a polygenic trait. These objectives may be achieved by taking into account the whole po ...
... The deterministic model described above allows global optimization of the selection scheme to maximize the frequency of the desired genotype for a monogenic trait, while minimizing the loss of genetic progress on a polygenic trait. These objectives may be achieved by taking into account the whole po ...
Darwin
... Darwin was influenced by Thomas Malthus • He noted the potential for human population to increase faster than food supplies and other resources • If some heritable traits are advantageous, these will accumulate in a population over time, and this will increase the frequency of individuals with thes ...
... Darwin was influenced by Thomas Malthus • He noted the potential for human population to increase faster than food supplies and other resources • If some heritable traits are advantageous, these will accumulate in a population over time, and this will increase the frequency of individuals with thes ...
You are not alone: Understanding and recovering from
... ▫ Hyper-arousal (trouble sleeping, irritability/anger, trouble concentrating, easily startled, on edge) ▫ Avoidance/Numbing (avoiding reminders, feeling detached from others, limited emotions, diminished interest in significant activities ...
... ▫ Hyper-arousal (trouble sleeping, irritability/anger, trouble concentrating, easily startled, on edge) ▫ Avoidance/Numbing (avoiding reminders, feeling detached from others, limited emotions, diminished interest in significant activities ...
The Theory of Evolution: Of What Value to Psychology?
... In most species, including humans, the minimal investment for a female to reproduce is considerably greater than that required for a male to reproduce. Therefore, males can benefit more than females by seeking additional matings. Trivers (1985) argued that natural selection favors traits that result ...
... In most species, including humans, the minimal investment for a female to reproduce is considerably greater than that required for a male to reproduce. Therefore, males can benefit more than females by seeking additional matings. Trivers (1985) argued that natural selection favors traits that result ...
Sexuality Following Spinal Cord Injury
... may wonder whether we can still have children, whether our sexual partners will stay with us, whether anyone will find us sexually desirable, or whether we will ever enjoy sex again. Many of us come to believe common myths such as “I have no feeling; therefore, my sex life is over!” and “I’m not exp ...
... may wonder whether we can still have children, whether our sexual partners will stay with us, whether anyone will find us sexually desirable, or whether we will ever enjoy sex again. Many of us come to believe common myths such as “I have no feeling; therefore, my sex life is over!” and “I’m not exp ...
Charles Darwin, the first paleoanthropologist
... differences between the sexes (sexual dimorphism) in a suite of features including stature, muscularity, body shape, amount and distribution of hair (including beards, whiskers, moustaches), voice, temperament, and perhaps “tint” (skin color) (1871, II:316-317). In fact, he opined that it would be “ ...
... differences between the sexes (sexual dimorphism) in a suite of features including stature, muscularity, body shape, amount and distribution of hair (including beards, whiskers, moustaches), voice, temperament, and perhaps “tint” (skin color) (1871, II:316-317). In fact, he opined that it would be “ ...
Struggle to Survive
... plants that live or lived in one area different from the ones that live or lived in other areas? • Were they once related? • How did they change? ...
... plants that live or lived in one area different from the ones that live or lived in other areas? • Were they once related? • How did they change? ...
Sexspecific selection on energy metabolism selection coefficients for
... The strength and direction of natural selection can depend on environmental settings, such as the density of conspecifics (Sinervo et al., 2000; Calsbeek et al., 2007; Mappes et al., 2008b). In highly dense populations, there are fewer resources per capita than in lower density populations, which ma ...
... The strength and direction of natural selection can depend on environmental settings, such as the density of conspecifics (Sinervo et al., 2000; Calsbeek et al., 2007; Mappes et al., 2008b). In highly dense populations, there are fewer resources per capita than in lower density populations, which ma ...
Sexual selection promotes hybridization between Pecos pupfish
... crosses of hybrid males (individual females were exposed to one hybrid cross or the other, not a mixture of the two). Expression of female preferences for male coloration and length were evaluated in two ways. Females might prefer males that displayed an extreme of either of these two characteristic ...
... crosses of hybrid males (individual females were exposed to one hybrid cross or the other, not a mixture of the two). Expression of female preferences for male coloration and length were evaluated in two ways. Females might prefer males that displayed an extreme of either of these two characteristic ...
ARTICLE- Lamarck vs. Darwin
... favorable seasons and of escaping the attacks of their most dangerous enemies are the primary conditions which determine the existence both of individuals and of entire species. The numbers that die annually must be immense; and as the individual existence if each animal depends upon itself, those t ...
... favorable seasons and of escaping the attacks of their most dangerous enemies are the primary conditions which determine the existence both of individuals and of entire species. The numbers that die annually must be immense; and as the individual existence if each animal depends upon itself, those t ...
Evolution - OCPS TeacherPress
... Darwin Continued His Studies Darwin hypothesized that new species could appear gradually through small changes in ancestral species. Darwin inferred that if humans could change species by artificial selection, then perhaps the same process could work in nature. Like Persian cat would survive i ...
... Darwin Continued His Studies Darwin hypothesized that new species could appear gradually through small changes in ancestral species. Darwin inferred that if humans could change species by artificial selection, then perhaps the same process could work in nature. Like Persian cat would survive i ...
parasites as a cost of reproduction
... Sexual selection theory proposes that males suffer reduced immune function and increased parasitism as costs of expressing sexual signals. Life-history theory proposes that females suffer the same costs because of inherent trade-offs between reproduction and self-maintenance. Mechanistically, each t ...
... Sexual selection theory proposes that males suffer reduced immune function and increased parasitism as costs of expressing sexual signals. Life-history theory proposes that females suffer the same costs because of inherent trade-offs between reproduction and self-maintenance. Mechanistically, each t ...
Sexed up: theorizing the sexualization of culture
... Sprinkle and Susie Bright, as well as in more mainstream contexts in the work of performers like Madonna and The Spice Girls – deserves further consideration. Although it is easy to criticize these attempts to re-engage with femininity and with sex, this may be to close down an important debate abo ...
... Sprinkle and Susie Bright, as well as in more mainstream contexts in the work of performers like Madonna and The Spice Girls – deserves further consideration. Although it is easy to criticize these attempts to re-engage with femininity and with sex, this may be to close down an important debate abo ...
The Origin of Species
... • Darwin was influenced by Thomas Malthus who noted the potential for human population to increase faster than food supplies and other resources. • If some heritable traits are advantageous, these will accumulate in the population, and this will increase the frequency of individuals with adaptation ...
... • Darwin was influenced by Thomas Malthus who noted the potential for human population to increase faster than food supplies and other resources. • If some heritable traits are advantageous, these will accumulate in the population, and this will increase the frequency of individuals with adaptation ...
Guide for male survivors of childhood sexual abuse
... Experiencing 'triggers' If you were sexually abused in childhood there may be things that bring back or 'trigger' memories. These include the way your partner may touch you sexually and everyday things such as colors, kinds of furniture or vehicles, sounds, or smells, which bring back memories or fe ...
... Experiencing 'triggers' If you were sexually abused in childhood there may be things that bring back or 'trigger' memories. These include the way your partner may touch you sexually and everyday things such as colors, kinds of furniture or vehicles, sounds, or smells, which bring back memories or fe ...
Miller on Art, Altruism and Sexual Selection 1 The Bowerbirds and
... Miller on Art, Altruism and Sexual Selection 11 The sexual adaptations for art and altruism could be some kind of psychological mechanisms that produce art and altruism; they could be artistic or altruistic behavior; or they could be the products of altruistic and artistic behaviors – altruistic gi ...
... Miller on Art, Altruism and Sexual Selection 11 The sexual adaptations for art and altruism could be some kind of psychological mechanisms that produce art and altruism; they could be artistic or altruistic behavior; or they could be the products of altruistic and artistic behaviors – altruistic gi ...
SummerSBS
... 1. Why does Peter Grant describe evolution as "change in variation?" 2. Why was there so much debate over whether natural selection could give rise to new species? Chapter 10 1. What are Darwin's "incipient species?" 2. What is adaptive radiation? 3. How did Darwin imagine the "principle of divergen ...
... 1. Why does Peter Grant describe evolution as "change in variation?" 2. Why was there so much debate over whether natural selection could give rise to new species? Chapter 10 1. What are Darwin's "incipient species?" 2. What is adaptive radiation? 3. How did Darwin imagine the "principle of divergen ...
SIMULATION STUDY TO EXPLAIN SEXUAL REPRODUCTION`S
... explain the prevalence of sexual reproduction; most of these explanations focus on the benefits of sexual reproduction’s ability to shuffle and recombine genes. In this paper, we use computer simulation to show that sexual reproduction can also lead to another effect: genetic homogeneity, which lead ...
... explain the prevalence of sexual reproduction; most of these explanations focus on the benefits of sexual reproduction’s ability to shuffle and recombine genes. In this paper, we use computer simulation to show that sexual reproduction can also lead to another effect: genetic homogeneity, which lead ...
22LecturePresentation
... • Thomas Malthus who noted the potential for human population to increase faster than food supplies and other resources • If some heritable traits are advantageous, these will accumulate in the population, and this will increase the frequency of individuals with adaptations ...
... • Thomas Malthus who noted the potential for human population to increase faster than food supplies and other resources • If some heritable traits are advantageous, these will accumulate in the population, and this will increase the frequency of individuals with adaptations ...
How Evolution Works - The Teacher-Friendly Guide™ to Evolution
... 3. Traits that are advantageous remain advantageous - False. The traits that are advantageous depend entirely upon the current environmental context. So, traits that are successful in one environment might be very detrimental in another setting or if the environment changes. Of particular concern is ...
... 3. Traits that are advantageous remain advantageous - False. The traits that are advantageous depend entirely upon the current environmental context. So, traits that are successful in one environment might be very detrimental in another setting or if the environment changes. Of particular concern is ...
25.6 - Laurel County Schools
... of the branches do not survive. • When tracing the evolutionary history of a species consider all the evidence. • There is no drive toward a particular outcome (phenotype – physical attributes due to genes) • Does the evolutionary history of horses really show an evolutionary trend toward large size ...
... of the branches do not survive. • When tracing the evolutionary history of a species consider all the evidence. • There is no drive toward a particular outcome (phenotype – physical attributes due to genes) • Does the evolutionary history of horses really show an evolutionary trend toward large size ...
Natural Selection in Peppered Moth Populations
... the observations set forth in his book, The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (published in 1859 and more commonly known as "The Origin of Species"). Darwin's contribution was to provide a mechanism through which evolution ...
... the observations set forth in his book, The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (published in 1859 and more commonly known as "The Origin of Species"). Darwin's contribution was to provide a mechanism through which evolution ...
Human Hips, Breasts and Buttocks: Is Fat Deceptive?
... of tendencies to hourglass figures in women who have long been heavily attired would also suggest that this may be the case. Such extreme attributes could, for example, contribute to success in birth and child care-thus, serve the male’s interests-but subtract from a woman’s fitness in other regards ...
... of tendencies to hourglass figures in women who have long been heavily attired would also suggest that this may be the case. Such extreme attributes could, for example, contribute to success in birth and child care-thus, serve the male’s interests-but subtract from a woman’s fitness in other regards ...
Evolution and Misconceptions
... Favorable ones are passed on • Proceed by small modifications, none of which can be big problems for organism • Sexual selection can go in favored directions, but not always a good idea... European royalty and hemophilia! ...
... Favorable ones are passed on • Proceed by small modifications, none of which can be big problems for organism • Sexual selection can go in favored directions, but not always a good idea... European royalty and hemophilia! ...
Sexual selection
Sexual selection is a mode of natural selection where typically members of one gender choose mates of the other gender to mate with, called intersexual selection, and where females normally do the choosing, and competition between members of the same gender to sexually reproduce with members of the opposite sex, called intrasexual selection. These two forms of selection mean that some individuals have better reproductive success than others within a population either from being sexier or preferring sexier partners to produce offspring. For instance in the breeding season sexual selection in frogs occurs with the males first gathering at the water's edge and croaking. The females then arrive and choose the males with the deepest croaks and best territories. Generalizing, males benefit from frequent mating and monopolizing access to a group of fertile females. Females have a limited number of offspring they can have and they maximize the return on the energy they invest in reproduction.First articulated by Charles Darwin who described it as driving speciation and that many organisms had evolved features whose function was deleterious to their individual survival, and then developed by Ronald Fisher in the early 20th century. Sexual selection can lead typically males to extreme efforts to demonstrate their fitness to be chosen by females, producing secondary sexual characteristics, such as ornate bird tails like the peacock plumage, or the antlers of deer, or the manes of lions, caused by a positive feedback mechanism known as a Fisherian runaway, where the passing on of the desire for a trait in one sex is as important as having the trait in the other sex in producing the runaway effect. Although the sexy son hypothesis indicates that females would prefer male sons, Fisher's principle explains why the sex ratio is 1:1 almost without exception. Sexual selection is also found in plants and fungi.The maintenance of sexual reproduction in a highly competitive world has long been one of the major mysteries of biology given that asexual reproduction can reproduce much more quickly as 50% of offspring are not males, unable to produce offspring themselves. However, research published in 2015 indicates that sexual selection can explain the persistence of sexual reproduction.