xianxu
... a shared biological vocabulary. GO terms are connected based on is-a or is-part-of relationship. Combined, GO terms and relationships between them form a DAG (directed acyclic graph). Genes are annotated by GO terms by GO collaborators. Gene annotations are assumed to be transitive in this thesis: i ...
... a shared biological vocabulary. GO terms are connected based on is-a or is-part-of relationship. Combined, GO terms and relationships between them form a DAG (directed acyclic graph). Genes are annotated by GO terms by GO collaborators. Gene annotations are assumed to be transitive in this thesis: i ...
uric acid stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by
... proliferation in vitro. However, the related intracellular mechanisms of uric acids in VSMCs remain to be determined. Cultured rat aortic SMCs were stimulated with uric acid, [3H]thymidine incorporation and the endothelin-1 (ET-1) gene expression was examined. Antioxidants pretreatment on uric acid- ...
... proliferation in vitro. However, the related intracellular mechanisms of uric acids in VSMCs remain to be determined. Cultured rat aortic SMCs were stimulated with uric acid, [3H]thymidine incorporation and the endothelin-1 (ET-1) gene expression was examined. Antioxidants pretreatment on uric acid- ...
Molecular cloning and expression of the male sterility - Funpec-RP
... L. ssp chinensis var. parachinensis; its expression was analyzed by real-time PCR. A 937-bp sequence was cloned from TC1 and named CtYABBY1. The ORF of this gene has 702 bp, contains a “C2C2 zinc finger” motif at the N-terminal end, and a “YABBY” structural domain at the C-terminal end. This gene ha ...
... L. ssp chinensis var. parachinensis; its expression was analyzed by real-time PCR. A 937-bp sequence was cloned from TC1 and named CtYABBY1. The ORF of this gene has 702 bp, contains a “C2C2 zinc finger” motif at the N-terminal end, and a “YABBY” structural domain at the C-terminal end. This gene ha ...
HiSeq 2500 Applications Brochure
... individual transcripts and isoforms, discover new genes, and identify regulatory non-coding RNAs. ...
... individual transcripts and isoforms, discover new genes, and identify regulatory non-coding RNAs. ...
Leukaemia Section t(8;22)(p11;q13) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
... Location 8p11 Note MOZ contains a LAP (Leukemia associated protein) zinc finger domain, a HAT domain (Histone acetyltransferase) and a acidic domain. Detection by FISH: YAC 176C9. Protein ZNF220 Monocytic leukemia zinc finger protein 2004 amino acids and 225 kDa nuclear protein, with 2 PHD-type zinc ...
... Location 8p11 Note MOZ contains a LAP (Leukemia associated protein) zinc finger domain, a HAT domain (Histone acetyltransferase) and a acidic domain. Detection by FISH: YAC 176C9. Protein ZNF220 Monocytic leukemia zinc finger protein 2004 amino acids and 225 kDa nuclear protein, with 2 PHD-type zinc ...
Amino Acid and Protein Structure
... Every protein in its native state has a unique three-dimensional structure, which is referred to as its conformation. The function of a protein arises from its conformation. Protein structures can be classified into four levels of organization: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary. The prima ...
... Every protein in its native state has a unique three-dimensional structure, which is referred to as its conformation. The function of a protein arises from its conformation. Protein structures can be classified into four levels of organization: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary. The prima ...
Pauerstein, Philip - RNA-Seq: Current Methods and Potential Applications
... ERANGE (Enhanced Read Analysis of Gene Expression) was a software package described in one of the initial reports of RNA-Seq to align sequences to the reference genome, assign splice sites, and count the expression levels of transcripts (Mortazavi et al., 2008). The exon models used in a particular ...
... ERANGE (Enhanced Read Analysis of Gene Expression) was a software package described in one of the initial reports of RNA-Seq to align sequences to the reference genome, assign splice sites, and count the expression levels of transcripts (Mortazavi et al., 2008). The exon models used in a particular ...
NAP57, a Mammalian Nucleolar Protein with a Putative Homolog
... bank searches revealed that NAP57 is a highly conserved protein. A putative yeast (S. cerevisiae) homolog is 71% identical. Most strikingly, there also appears to be a smaller prokaryotic (E. coli and B. subtilis) homolog that is nearly 50% identical to NAP57. This indicates that NAP57 and its putat ...
... bank searches revealed that NAP57 is a highly conserved protein. A putative yeast (S. cerevisiae) homolog is 71% identical. Most strikingly, there also appears to be a smaller prokaryotic (E. coli and B. subtilis) homolog that is nearly 50% identical to NAP57. This indicates that NAP57 and its putat ...
An operon encoding a novel ABC-type transport
... from the or-7 start codon might function as the transcriptional start for the three genes. Although not further discussed here, two additional ORFs, one located upstream from or-7 and the other downstream from or-3, are present in the 6 kbp PstI fragment. When the homologies of Orfl, Orf2 and Orf3 w ...
... from the or-7 start codon might function as the transcriptional start for the three genes. Although not further discussed here, two additional ORFs, one located upstream from or-7 and the other downstream from or-3, are present in the 6 kbp PstI fragment. When the homologies of Orfl, Orf2 and Orf3 w ...
Sequence±structure±function studies of tRNA
... SPOUT superfamily includes only a few characterized RNAspeci®c enzymes with 2¢-O-ribose or guanosine-N1 modi®cation speci®city that will not be discussed further in this article. The Rossmann-fold superfamily (hereafter referred to as `MTases') groups together enzymes acting on RNA, DNA, proteins, l ...
... SPOUT superfamily includes only a few characterized RNAspeci®c enzymes with 2¢-O-ribose or guanosine-N1 modi®cation speci®city that will not be discussed further in this article. The Rossmann-fold superfamily (hereafter referred to as `MTases') groups together enzymes acting on RNA, DNA, proteins, l ...
Alterations of the PPP2R1B gene located at 11q23 in human
... recently identified as a candidate tumour suppressor gene in lung and colon cancer in this chromosome region.5 The PPP2R1B gene encodes the â isoform of the A subunit of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). The PP2A holoenzyme consists of three subunits: a 65 kD structural/regulatory ...
... recently identified as a candidate tumour suppressor gene in lung and colon cancer in this chromosome region.5 The PPP2R1B gene encodes the â isoform of the A subunit of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). The PP2A holoenzyme consists of three subunits: a 65 kD structural/regulatory ...
A compact new computer program for handling nucleic acid se
... of outprints is available. Code numbers 1 through 6 lead to outprints of either single strand or double strand with or without the appropriate translation into protein. Figure 1 gives an example of such an outprint as provided by code 6 (as a part of code 8 ) . Translation starts at position 1, 2, a ...
... of outprints is available. Code numbers 1 through 6 lead to outprints of either single strand or double strand with or without the appropriate translation into protein. Figure 1 gives an example of such an outprint as provided by code 6 (as a part of code 8 ) . Translation starts at position 1, 2, a ...
BICH 605
... and reducing conditions provides information about the molecular size of subunits and protein complexes. Size estimation: ...
... and reducing conditions provides information about the molecular size of subunits and protein complexes. Size estimation: ...
RNA Amplification and cDNA Synthesis for qRT
... transcription, the samples were treated with DNase I to remove the ds cDNA template, as well as a large portion of genomic DNA. The amplified RNA was purified using an RNA Clean & Concentrator™-5 column (Zymo Research) and then reverse-transcribed, using random primers, into cDNA in a final volume o ...
... transcription, the samples were treated with DNase I to remove the ds cDNA template, as well as a large portion of genomic DNA. The amplified RNA was purified using an RNA Clean & Concentrator™-5 column (Zymo Research) and then reverse-transcribed, using random primers, into cDNA in a final volume o ...
Rampant Adaptive Evolution in Regions of Proteins with Unknown
... adaptive [1] (see review [2]). In flies, the proportion of amino acid substitutions that are adaptive has been estimated to be about 50% [1,2] and is largely consistent across genes [3,4]. Though most population genetics analyses of adaptive protein divergence treat entire proteins as single units, ...
... adaptive [1] (see review [2]). In flies, the proportion of amino acid substitutions that are adaptive has been estimated to be about 50% [1,2] and is largely consistent across genes [3,4]. Though most population genetics analyses of adaptive protein divergence treat entire proteins as single units, ...
Pursuing DNA Catalysts for Protein Modification
... However, these approaches have inherent limitations that prompt the pursuit of different kinds of catalysts using other experimental methods. Nature evolved RNA enzymes, or ribozymes, for key catalytic roles that in modern biology are limited to phosphodiester cleavage/ligation and amide bond formati ...
... However, these approaches have inherent limitations that prompt the pursuit of different kinds of catalysts using other experimental methods. Nature evolved RNA enzymes, or ribozymes, for key catalytic roles that in modern biology are limited to phosphodiester cleavage/ligation and amide bond formati ...
Diversity of proteins
... Protein Folding and stabilization (1) Cooperativity of folding: formation of one part of structure (e.g. initial aa interactions) leads to formation of remaining structure. ...
... Protein Folding and stabilization (1) Cooperativity of folding: formation of one part of structure (e.g. initial aa interactions) leads to formation of remaining structure. ...
Analysis of hepatocyte nuclear factor
... revealed that they are structurally complex, consisting of multiple DNA binding sites recognized by distinct families of liverenriched transcription factors (1). The combinatorial action of these factors on multiple DNA sites is required for the activation of transcription and plays a role in mainta ...
... revealed that they are structurally complex, consisting of multiple DNA binding sites recognized by distinct families of liverenriched transcription factors (1). The combinatorial action of these factors on multiple DNA sites is required for the activation of transcription and plays a role in mainta ...
Molecular Characterization of NADH-Dependent
... Fd-GOGAT is -42% identical to that of the large subunit of Escherichia coli NADPH-GOGAT however, the maize amino acid sequence bears no similarity to the small subunit of the E. coli NADPH-GOGAT. In comparison to the Fd-GOGATs in photosynthetic tissues, the NAD(P)H-GOGATsof nongreen tissues have rec ...
... Fd-GOGAT is -42% identical to that of the large subunit of Escherichia coli NADPH-GOGAT however, the maize amino acid sequence bears no similarity to the small subunit of the E. coli NADPH-GOGAT. In comparison to the Fd-GOGATs in photosynthetic tissues, the NAD(P)H-GOGATsof nongreen tissues have rec ...
Techniques of Protein and Nucleic Acid Purification
... SDS is a detergent that denatures proteins and binds strongly to proteins Most proteins bind SDS at a constant ratio (~ 1 SDS molecule per 2 residues) Swamps native charge of protein Results in average constant charge density AND similar shape for all proteins ...
... SDS is a detergent that denatures proteins and binds strongly to proteins Most proteins bind SDS at a constant ratio (~ 1 SDS molecule per 2 residues) Swamps native charge of protein Results in average constant charge density AND similar shape for all proteins ...
Protein folding
... • A protein appears to first develop local structures in the chain (such as helices and turns) followed by growth into more global structures. Even though the folding process is blind, nevertheless it can be fast because native states can be reached by this divide-and-conquer, local-to-global proces ...
... • A protein appears to first develop local structures in the chain (such as helices and turns) followed by growth into more global structures. Even though the folding process is blind, nevertheless it can be fast because native states can be reached by this divide-and-conquer, local-to-global proces ...
Database Modeling in Bioinformatics
... • Current methods provide only a phrase describing some properties of the unknown protein It is important to have evidence for all annotation added ...
... • Current methods provide only a phrase describing some properties of the unknown protein It is important to have evidence for all annotation added ...
Full Text - PDF
... Co-stimulatory molecules play a critical role in controlling the immune response. The central role of CD28 family, especially the CTLA-4, makes it a useful tool for immunotherapy in autoimmune disease and transplant rejection 6,10. Two approaches have been selected in respect to the potential clinic ...
... Co-stimulatory molecules play a critical role in controlling the immune response. The central role of CD28 family, especially the CTLA-4, makes it a useful tool for immunotherapy in autoimmune disease and transplant rejection 6,10. Two approaches have been selected in respect to the potential clinic ...
Disrupted mRNA sorting in CNS neurons
... for shared steps. It is anticipated that many different transacting proteins will be involved including factors that direct regional (dendrite versus soma) distribution and more specific sorting to individual synapses, as well as those controlling translation, stability and movement. One of the stru ...
... for shared steps. It is anticipated that many different transacting proteins will be involved including factors that direct regional (dendrite versus soma) distribution and more specific sorting to individual synapses, as well as those controlling translation, stability and movement. One of the stru ...
Gene expression
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. These products are often proteins, but in non-protein coding genes such as transfer RNA (tRNA) or small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes, the product is a functional RNA.The process of gene expression is used by all known life - eukaryotes (including multicellular organisms), prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), and utilized by viruses - to generate the macromolecular machinery for life.Several steps in the gene expression process may be modulated, including the transcription, RNA splicing, translation, and post-translational modification of a protein. Gene regulation gives the cell control over structure and function, and is the basis for cellular differentiation, morphogenesis and the versatility and adaptability of any organism. Gene regulation may also serve as a substrate for evolutionary change, since control of the timing, location, and amount of gene expression can have a profound effect on the functions (actions) of the gene in a cell or in a multicellular organism.In genetics, gene expression is the most fundamental level at which the genotype gives rise to the phenotype, i.e. observable trait. The genetic code stored in DNA is ""interpreted"" by gene expression, and the properties of the expression give rise to the organism's phenotype. Such phenotypes are often expressed by the synthesis of proteins that control the organism's shape, or that act as enzymes catalysing specific metabolic pathways characterising the organism.