Qualitative differences between naïve and scientific
... Wrst formulated by Greek philosophers as early as the seventh century BC (Mayr, 1982), yet it remained unsolved until Darwin published The Origin of Species in 1859. Darwin’s solution was inspired by three empirical phenomena: (1) superfecundity, or the fact that organisms often produce more oVsprin ...
... Wrst formulated by Greek philosophers as early as the seventh century BC (Mayr, 1982), yet it remained unsolved until Darwin published The Origin of Species in 1859. Darwin’s solution was inspired by three empirical phenomena: (1) superfecundity, or the fact that organisms often produce more oVsprin ...
The Importance of Developmental Repatterning in the Evolution of
... One of the striking features of the oryctocephalid trilobites that occur in the Early Cambrian Balang Formation in eastern Ghuizhou Province, southwest China, is the occurrence of convergent evolution in two clades of trilobites: in species of Arthricocephalus (McNamara et al. 2003) and in the Duyun ...
... One of the striking features of the oryctocephalid trilobites that occur in the Early Cambrian Balang Formation in eastern Ghuizhou Province, southwest China, is the occurrence of convergent evolution in two clades of trilobites: in species of Arthricocephalus (McNamara et al. 2003) and in the Duyun ...
Evolution without Lamarck`s Theory and its Use in the Darwinian
... evidence. Therefore, the objective of this article was to give a clear and elaborate idea about Lamarck’s theory, its causes of unacceptance as well as its uses by Darwin with concise information, organized data and compelling evidence. This paper aims to be helpful to biologists, anthropologists an ...
... evidence. Therefore, the objective of this article was to give a clear and elaborate idea about Lamarck’s theory, its causes of unacceptance as well as its uses by Darwin with concise information, organized data and compelling evidence. This paper aims to be helpful to biologists, anthropologists an ...
Thinking Critically about Evolutionary Theory
... evolution” in science classes. "Teach both," the article reports her as saying in a 2006 televised debate. "You know, don't be afraid of information." Presenting both “evolutionism” and “creationism” as “information” would be simply providing expositions of the two positions, where a textbook or tea ...
... evolution” in science classes. "Teach both," the article reports her as saying in a 2006 televised debate. "You know, don't be afraid of information." Presenting both “evolutionism” and “creationism” as “information” would be simply providing expositions of the two positions, where a textbook or tea ...
Evolutionary rescue under environmental change?
... new environment. Fitness then increased to some extent owing to the adaptive plastic responses of individuals—but not greatly so because the plastic response was limited. Over the generations that followed, the most dramatic evolutionary response was in the trait’s plasticity: individuals with the h ...
... new environment. Fitness then increased to some extent owing to the adaptive plastic responses of individuals—but not greatly so because the plastic response was limited. Over the generations that followed, the most dramatic evolutionary response was in the trait’s plasticity: individuals with the h ...
Concepts of species and modes of speciation
... into consideration in classification. His idea was also a kind of typological or essentialism as far as species is concerned. Linnaeus (1707–1778), a great taxonomist and sometimes called the ‘father of taxonomy’, adhered to downward classification. His thinking was that of an essentialist for whom ...
... into consideration in classification. His idea was also a kind of typological or essentialism as far as species is concerned. Linnaeus (1707–1778), a great taxonomist and sometimes called the ‘father of taxonomy’, adhered to downward classification. His thinking was that of an essentialist for whom ...
Distilling the Essence of an Evolutionary Process and
... ability to blend and adapt ideas to new situations and see them in new perspectives, we are compelled to. And we are compelled to entice others to see things our way too, or to bat ideas around with one another, using each other as a mental scaffold. Moreover, just about anything is food for thought ...
... ability to blend and adapt ideas to new situations and see them in new perspectives, we are compelled to. And we are compelled to entice others to see things our way too, or to bat ideas around with one another, using each other as a mental scaffold. Moreover, just about anything is food for thought ...
Reprint - Queen`s University Department of Mathematics and Statistics.
... similar species come into geographic contact. This would reduce the degree of competition and thereby promote the coexistence of a diversity of organisms. This phenomenon was called “character displacement”because it should result in phenotypic characters related to resource use in similar species b ...
... similar species come into geographic contact. This would reduce the degree of competition and thereby promote the coexistence of a diversity of organisms. This phenomenon was called “character displacement”because it should result in phenotypic characters related to resource use in similar species b ...
Pattern Of Evolution
... do similarities exist between the ways the living and nonliving worlds function and evolve? in the pattern of evolution, niles eldredge--one of the world's most ... PATTERNS OF MACROEVOLUTION - THOUGHTCO Wed, 29 Jul 2015 23:55:00 GMT patterns of macroevolution - convergent evolution, divergent evolu ...
... do similarities exist between the ways the living and nonliving worlds function and evolve? in the pattern of evolution, niles eldredge--one of the world's most ... PATTERNS OF MACROEVOLUTION - THOUGHTCO Wed, 29 Jul 2015 23:55:00 GMT patterns of macroevolution - convergent evolution, divergent evolu ...
Observed Instances of Speciation
... Everyone said that they were sure that there were. Next I asked them for citings or descriptions. Only eight of the people I talked to could give an example, only three could give more than one. But everyone was sure that there were papers in the literature. Second, most biologists accept the idea t ...
... Everyone said that they were sure that there were. Next I asked them for citings or descriptions. Only eight of the people I talked to could give an example, only three could give more than one. But everyone was sure that there were papers in the literature. Second, most biologists accept the idea t ...
Convergence, Adaptation, and Constraint The Harvard community
... resulting from inheritance from a common ancestor (this definition includes what is sometimes referred to as “parallel evolution,” a topic to which I return later in this essay). Recognizing such derived similarity, of course, requires a phylogenetic perspective (Eldredge and Cracraft, 1980; Lauder, ...
... resulting from inheritance from a common ancestor (this definition includes what is sometimes referred to as “parallel evolution,” a topic to which I return later in this essay). Recognizing such derived similarity, of course, requires a phylogenetic perspective (Eldredge and Cracraft, 1980; Lauder, ...
Charles Darwin`s reputation: how it changed during the twentieth
... came from religious conservatives, but very little from within the scientific community. However Darwin’s belief in the importance of natural selection as a uniquely important cause of most evolutionary change was a minority view until well into the twentieth century. Other important beliefs, such a ...
... came from religious conservatives, but very little from within the scientific community. However Darwin’s belief in the importance of natural selection as a uniquely important cause of most evolutionary change was a minority view until well into the twentieth century. Other important beliefs, such a ...
Evolutionary Psychology 101
... processes that may lead to reproductive benefits—sometimes even at a cost to survival. In fact, this broad mechanism of evolutionary change, referred to as sexual selection, may well be the dominant force in helping us understand many uniquely human characteristics, such as our capacity for language ...
... processes that may lead to reproductive benefits—sometimes even at a cost to survival. In fact, this broad mechanism of evolutionary change, referred to as sexual selection, may well be the dominant force in helping us understand many uniquely human characteristics, such as our capacity for language ...
PowerPoint
... • Later, Charles Lyell proposed a theory of uniformitarianism, that geological processes had not changed throughout Earth’s history. Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... • Later, Charles Lyell proposed a theory of uniformitarianism, that geological processes had not changed throughout Earth’s history. Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Newman - AMP @ georgetown
... Darwin’s theory of evolutionary change embodied this Newtonian incrementalist materialism (see Weber and Depew 1996). The correspondence between the gradual refinements featured by natural selection and the highly successful industrial paradigm of trial-and-error fabrication of metal machine tools, ...
... Darwin’s theory of evolutionary change embodied this Newtonian incrementalist materialism (see Weber and Depew 1996). The correspondence between the gradual refinements featured by natural selection and the highly successful industrial paradigm of trial-and-error fabrication of metal machine tools, ...
Detective Work in the West Indies: Integrating Historical
... habitat specializations, then they should not be closely related to each other. The phylogeny that my colleagues and I have developed for anoles (Jackman et al. 1999, Nicholson et al. 2005; see also Poe 2004) is unequivocal on this count: Habitat specialists have evolved independently on each of the ...
... habitat specializations, then they should not be closely related to each other. The phylogeny that my colleagues and I have developed for anoles (Jackman et al. 1999, Nicholson et al. 2005; see also Poe 2004) is unequivocal on this count: Habitat specialists have evolved independently on each of the ...
PDF
... consumption of bamboo. In some cases, lack of behavioral plasticity may in turn depend reciprocally on the presence of, e.g., anatomical and/or genetic features that were selected within the context of the behavior acquired during the initial behavioral shift. For instance, the overspecialization of ...
... consumption of bamboo. In some cases, lack of behavioral plasticity may in turn depend reciprocally on the presence of, e.g., anatomical and/or genetic features that were selected within the context of the behavior acquired during the initial behavioral shift. For instance, the overspecialization of ...
Untitled - Matrix Education
... Things which may sound Lamarckian include saying that an organism changes over time (instead of a population of organisms changes over time) and that organisms ‘adapt’ to their environment (species can change over generations to possess adaptations which help to ensure survival, but individual organ ...
... Things which may sound Lamarckian include saying that an organism changes over time (instead of a population of organisms changes over time) and that organisms ‘adapt’ to their environment (species can change over generations to possess adaptations which help to ensure survival, but individual organ ...
Limits to evolution at range margins: when and why does adaptation
... Models that project the ecological tolerances of species on future climatic scenarios estimate that at least 11% of species will become extinct during the 21st century, even if one assumes that they can disperse to track the distribution of suitable habitat [69]. However, this figure will be an unde ...
... Models that project the ecological tolerances of species on future climatic scenarios estimate that at least 11% of species will become extinct during the 21st century, even if one assumes that they can disperse to track the distribution of suitable habitat [69]. However, this figure will be an unde ...
Ch14
... Darwin’s theory of evolution supports a GRADUALISM theory of change. That is, Darwin believed that species change SLOWLY AND STEADILY over a very long period of time, and that they are always changing due to ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURES. ...
... Darwin’s theory of evolution supports a GRADUALISM theory of change. That is, Darwin believed that species change SLOWLY AND STEADILY over a very long period of time, and that they are always changing due to ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURES. ...
Evolutionary developmental biology: its
... In Love’s scheme (Fig. 1), he contrasts the “textbook version” (left) with an improved, updated version (right). In the left diagram, evolutionary biology is split from developmental biology, which was dominated by “Entwickelungsmechanik” (Developmental Mechanics) in the first third of the twentieth ...
... In Love’s scheme (Fig. 1), he contrasts the “textbook version” (left) with an improved, updated version (right). In the left diagram, evolutionary biology is split from developmental biology, which was dominated by “Entwickelungsmechanik” (Developmental Mechanics) in the first third of the twentieth ...
Accidental experiments: ecological and evolutionary insights and
... opportunities to gain fundamental insight into ecological and evolutionary processes, especially when they result in perturbations that are large or long in duration and difficult or unethical to impose experimentally. We demonstrate this by describing important fundamental insights already gained fro ...
... opportunities to gain fundamental insight into ecological and evolutionary processes, especially when they result in perturbations that are large or long in duration and difficult or unethical to impose experimentally. We demonstrate this by describing important fundamental insights already gained fro ...
Is Darwinism a Comprehensive Doctrine?
... movement in the US, is bolder in his assessment: evolutionary theory would be an ideological artefact wielded by militant secularists to attract children into the naturalistic worldview, a fully partisan belief waging an intellectual war for cultural domination. Like Plantinga, Johnson believes that ...
... movement in the US, is bolder in his assessment: evolutionary theory would be an ideological artefact wielded by militant secularists to attract children into the naturalistic worldview, a fully partisan belief waging an intellectual war for cultural domination. Like Plantinga, Johnson believes that ...
Chapter 21: The Mechanisms of Evolution
... The Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium • Biologists can determine whether an agent of evolution is acting on a population by comparing the population’s genotype frequencies with Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium frequencies. ...
... The Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium • Biologists can determine whether an agent of evolution is acting on a population by comparing the population’s genotype frequencies with Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium frequencies. ...
Standard(s) - Delaware Department of Education
... 5. Explain how species evolve through descent with modification, thus allowing them to adapt to different environments. 6. Discuss how environmental pressure, genetic drift, mutation and competition for resources influence the evolutionary process. Recognize that a change in a species over time does ...
... 5. Explain how species evolve through descent with modification, thus allowing them to adapt to different environments. 6. Discuss how environmental pressure, genetic drift, mutation and competition for resources influence the evolutionary process. Recognize that a change in a species over time does ...
Punctuated equilibrium
Punctuated equilibrium (also called punctuated equilibria) is a theory in evolutionary biology which proposes that once species appear in the fossil record they will become stable, showing little net evolutionary change for most of their geological history. This state is called stasis. When significant evolutionary change occurs, the theory proposes that it is generally restricted to rare and geologically rapid events of branching speciation called cladogenesis. Cladogenesis is the process by which a species splits into two distinct species, rather than one species gradually transforming into another. Punctuated equilibrium is commonly contrasted against phyletic gradualism, the belief that evolution generally occurs uniformly and by the steady and gradual transformation of whole lineages (called anagenesis). In this view, evolution is seen as generally smooth and continuous.In 1972, paleontologists Niles Eldredge and Stephen Jay Gould published a landmark paper developing their theory and called it punctuated equilibria. Their paper built upon Ernst Mayr's model of geographic speciation, I. Michael Lerner's theories of developmental and genetic homeostasis, as well as their own empirical research. Eldredge and Gould proposed that the degree of gradualism commonly attributed to Charles Darwin is virtually nonexistent in the fossil record, and that stasis dominates the history of most fossil species.