Adaptive radiation of Darwin`s finches
... arrived on the Galapagos islands by flying over water for at least 1,000 kilometers. There has been little debate about these two points. The only credible alternative is that the finches arose on Cocos Island, which lies 600 kilometers to the northeast of the Galapagos, where a solitary species of ...
... arrived on the Galapagos islands by flying over water for at least 1,000 kilometers. There has been little debate about these two points. The only credible alternative is that the finches arose on Cocos Island, which lies 600 kilometers to the northeast of the Galapagos, where a solitary species of ...
A species definition for the modern synthesis
... sympatric species is not just due to reproductive traits, but also due to ordinary within-species, stabilizing, ecological adaptations which select disruptively against intermediates or hybrids. By concentrating on genotypic clusters as opposed to an interbreeding concept, we are able to separate th ...
... sympatric species is not just due to reproductive traits, but also due to ordinary within-species, stabilizing, ecological adaptations which select disruptively against intermediates or hybrids. By concentrating on genotypic clusters as opposed to an interbreeding concept, we are able to separate th ...
File
... group of actively or potentially interbreeding individuals separated genetically from other such groups. OR group of organisms that interbreed successfully in natural environments. Speciation Difference between sympatric and allopatric defined: speciation explained: i.e. Process that Sympatric: 2 (o ...
... group of actively or potentially interbreeding individuals separated genetically from other such groups. OR group of organisms that interbreed successfully in natural environments. Speciation Difference between sympatric and allopatric defined: speciation explained: i.e. Process that Sympatric: 2 (o ...
(English, 40 pages)
... the song itself and the preference for a particular song are passed from parent to offspring through learning. Songs are culturally transmitted from father to son. This process ensures that females mate only with males of similar background, hence establishing reproductive isolation between groups, ...
... the song itself and the preference for a particular song are passed from parent to offspring through learning. Songs are culturally transmitted from father to son. This process ensures that females mate only with males of similar background, hence establishing reproductive isolation between groups, ...
Ernst Mayr, 1904-2005
... Although the interbreeding criterion was used by Buffon in the eighteenth century, Mayr formalized the most widely accepted definition of species as “groups of actually or potentially interbreeding populations, reproductively isolated from other such groups,” which he called the “biological species c ...
... Although the interbreeding criterion was used by Buffon in the eighteenth century, Mayr formalized the most widely accepted definition of species as “groups of actually or potentially interbreeding populations, reproductively isolated from other such groups,” which he called the “biological species c ...
Kawamiya, Nobuo
... 5) Besides adaptation, there is another motive force for evolution: struggle to reinforce one's own species=societal unity and identification (or differentiation) against close kin species. This motive force is named species=societal coherence (SSC) [Mizuhata 2003]. The SSC explains the true cause o ...
... 5) Besides adaptation, there is another motive force for evolution: struggle to reinforce one's own species=societal unity and identification (or differentiation) against close kin species. This motive force is named species=societal coherence (SSC) [Mizuhata 2003]. The SSC explains the true cause o ...
Developmental plasticity and the origin of species differences
... mutation, or from the environment of the affected individuals, causes a reorganization of the phenotype, or ‘‘developmental recombination.’’ Given the variable developmental plasticity of different individuals, this process produces a population of novel variable phenotypes, providing material for s ...
... mutation, or from the environment of the affected individuals, causes a reorganization of the phenotype, or ‘‘developmental recombination.’’ Given the variable developmental plasticity of different individuals, this process produces a population of novel variable phenotypes, providing material for s ...
Punctuated equilibrium comes of age
... irrelevancy of microevolutionary mechanisms, especially natural selection, but a recognition that Darwinian extrapolation cannot fully explain large-scale change in the history of life. The main point may be summarized as follows. Most macro-evolution must be rendered by asking what kinds of species ...
... irrelevancy of microevolutionary mechanisms, especially natural selection, but a recognition that Darwinian extrapolation cannot fully explain large-scale change in the history of life. The main point may be summarized as follows. Most macro-evolution must be rendered by asking what kinds of species ...
Anecdotal, Historical And Critical Commentaries on Genetics
... The existence of genetic variation and the modulation of its pattern within a population at any time are only the beginning of the process of species evolution, according to DOBZHANSKY. It is not sufficient that local populations are simply different in gene frequency, for every population must diff ...
... The existence of genetic variation and the modulation of its pattern within a population at any time are only the beginning of the process of species evolution, according to DOBZHANSKY. It is not sufficient that local populations are simply different in gene frequency, for every population must diff ...
Paleontological Patterns, Macroecological Dynamics and the
... words, until Dobzhansky and Mayr had first reformulated the importance of isolation. Wagner utilized a primitive version of what later became known as ‘‘gene flow’’ to predict stasis—the characteristic lack of accrual of significant amounts of further adaptive change once a species is solidly establ ...
... words, until Dobzhansky and Mayr had first reformulated the importance of isolation. Wagner utilized a primitive version of what later became known as ‘‘gene flow’’ to predict stasis—the characteristic lack of accrual of significant amounts of further adaptive change once a species is solidly establ ...
Darwin` Finches
... The Grants discovered that the next year, the offspring of surviving medium ground finch individuals had beaks similar in size to those of their parents, showing that the beak size trait is strongly heritable. The average beak size of the birds in the new, post-drought population was 4% larger. Four ...
... The Grants discovered that the next year, the offspring of surviving medium ground finch individuals had beaks similar in size to those of their parents, showing that the beak size trait is strongly heritable. The average beak size of the birds in the new, post-drought population was 4% larger. Four ...
ACTIVITY: GALAPAGOS FINCHES
... While visiting the Galapagos Islands located about 600 miles off the northwest coast of South America, Charles Darwin counted 13 species of finch. In addition to size and other characteristics, he noticed that each had a slightly different shaped beak. Darwin observed that the birds on the Galapagos ...
... While visiting the Galapagos Islands located about 600 miles off the northwest coast of South America, Charles Darwin counted 13 species of finch. In addition to size and other characteristics, he noticed that each had a slightly different shaped beak. Darwin observed that the birds on the Galapagos ...
AP Biology Evolution Unit Objectives Chapter 22
... 10. Explain what Darwin meant by "descent with modification." 11. Explain what evidence convinced Darwin that species change over time. 12. Describe the three inferences Darwin made from his observations that led him to propose natural selection as a mechanism for evolutionary change. 13. Explain ho ...
... 10. Explain what Darwin meant by "descent with modification." 11. Explain what evidence convinced Darwin that species change over time. 12. Describe the three inferences Darwin made from his observations that led him to propose natural selection as a mechanism for evolutionary change. 13. Explain ho ...
Species, Hybrids, and Natural Selection: The dynamics of
... The concept of evolution was not new to either Darwin of Wallace. Both Lamarck and Chambers had presented evidence supporting the phenomenon of evolution in books that were read widely by naturalists of the time (Lamarck’s Philosophie Zoologique and Chamber’s Vestiges of Creation). Both Lamarck and ...
... The concept of evolution was not new to either Darwin of Wallace. Both Lamarck and Chambers had presented evidence supporting the phenomenon of evolution in books that were read widely by naturalists of the time (Lamarck’s Philosophie Zoologique and Chamber’s Vestiges of Creation). Both Lamarck and ...
SPECIATION AND THE EVOLUTION OF DARWIN`S FINCHES B
... ground finch population (Geospiza fortis) has several times experienced natural selection during droughts. This can be considered as a model of divergent evolution that takes place in allopatry. In 1983 Daphne was colonized by the large ground finch (G. magnirostris). Many years later G. fortis dive ...
... ground finch population (Geospiza fortis) has several times experienced natural selection during droughts. This can be considered as a model of divergent evolution that takes place in allopatry. In 1983 Daphne was colonized by the large ground finch (G. magnirostris). Many years later G. fortis dive ...
Biology 182: Study Guide
... origin of new species. The processes of speciation and their relative importance to the history of life on Earth are even more contentious. Speciation may occur under two general geographic scenarios: Allopatric (other country) Speciation and Sympatric (same country) Speciation. Note that these scen ...
... origin of new species. The processes of speciation and their relative importance to the history of life on Earth are even more contentious. Speciation may occur under two general geographic scenarios: Allopatric (other country) Speciation and Sympatric (same country) Speciation. Note that these scen ...
Evolution Student Objectives
... a population over time and to apply mathematical methods and conceptual understandings to investigate the cause(s) and effect(s) of this change. ● The student is able to evaluate evidence provided by data to qualitatively and quantitatively investigate the role of natural selection in evolution. ● T ...
... a population over time and to apply mathematical methods and conceptual understandings to investigate the cause(s) and effect(s) of this change. ● The student is able to evaluate evidence provided by data to qualitatively and quantitatively investigate the role of natural selection in evolution. ● T ...
Notes
... • Plants compete for… • Competition is more intense at … • Self-Thinning (-3/2 or -1/2 slope rule) ...
... • Plants compete for… • Competition is more intense at … • Self-Thinning (-3/2 or -1/2 slope rule) ...
Unit 1: Evolution Study Guide Big Idea 1: The process of evolution
... white flowers. What is the frequency of the dominant allele? (There are a couple of twists in this problem, so read and think carefully. A complete solution for this problem is at the end of this Reading Guide.) 1.a.2 Natural selection acts on phenotypic variations in populations. 23.1, 23.4 Concept ...
... white flowers. What is the frequency of the dominant allele? (There are a couple of twists in this problem, so read and think carefully. A complete solution for this problem is at the end of this Reading Guide.) 1.a.2 Natural selection acts on phenotypic variations in populations. 23.1, 23.4 Concept ...
Thoughts on the Geometry of Macro
... ballistically, indepent of their later function. Teeth evolve so slowly that they are used to characterise the higher taxonomic levels, such as orders. ...
... ballistically, indepent of their later function. Teeth evolve so slowly that they are used to characterise the higher taxonomic levels, such as orders. ...
Demographic history and climatic adaptation in ecological
... populations inhabit heterogeneous environments, selective pressure on traits such as phenology, soil, and climate may differ spatially across the distribution range (Kawecki & Ebert 2004). Climate is one of most important drivers for adaptive evolution in forest trees (Aitken et al. 2008; Alberto et ...
... populations inhabit heterogeneous environments, selective pressure on traits such as phenology, soil, and climate may differ spatially across the distribution range (Kawecki & Ebert 2004). Climate is one of most important drivers for adaptive evolution in forest trees (Aitken et al. 2008; Alberto et ...
evolution and speciation ppt regents
... directions created the universe 10-20 billion years ago ...
... directions created the universe 10-20 billion years ago ...
AP Biology Unit 4
... 6. STS. To what extent are humans living in a technological society exempt from natural selection? Justify your answer. ...
... 6. STS. To what extent are humans living in a technological society exempt from natural selection? Justify your answer. ...
EB omtentaVT2_130615
... The final grading of the entire exam is based on the following: • A pass requires that you have obtained a score ≥ 60% in each and every section. • A pass with distinction within each section requires that your total section score ≥ 80%. This requires that you have answered in an organised, well-for ...
... The final grading of the entire exam is based on the following: • A pass requires that you have obtained a score ≥ 60% in each and every section. • A pass with distinction within each section requires that your total section score ≥ 80%. This requires that you have answered in an organised, well-for ...
Sympatric speciation
Sympatric speciation is the process through which new species evolve from a single ancestral species while inhabiting the same geographic region. In evolutionary biology and biogeography, sympatric and sympatry are terms referring to organisms whose ranges overlap or are even identical, so that they occur together at least in some places. If these organisms are closely related (e.g. sister species), such a distribution may be the result of sympatric speciation. Etymologically, sympatry is derived from the Greek roots συν (""together"", ""with"") and πατρίς (""homeland"" or ""fatherland""). The term was invented by Poulton in 1904, who explains the derivation.Sympatric speciation is one of three traditional geographic categories for the phenomenon of speciation. Allopatric speciation is the evolution of geographically isolated populations into distinct species. In this case, divergence is facilitated by the absence of gene flow, which tends to keep populations genetically similar. Parapatric speciation is the evolution of geographically adjacent populations into distinct species. In this case, divergence occurs despite limited interbreeding where the two diverging groups come into contact. In sympatric speciation, there is no geographic constraint to interbreeding. These categories are special cases of a continuum from zero (sympatric) to complete (allopatric) spatial segregation of diverging groups.In multicellular eukaryotic organisms, sympatric speciation is thought to be an uncommon but plausible process by which genetic divergence (through reproductive isolation) of various populations from a single parent species and inhabiting the same geographic region leads to the creation of new species.In bacteria, however, the analogous process (defined as ""the origin of new bacterial species that occupy definable ecological niches"") might be more common because bacteria are less constrained by the homogenizing effects of sexual reproduction and prone to comparatively dramatic and rapid genetic change through horizontal gene transfer.